Synthesis of 6-substituted pyrimidines by the wittig reaction. I. Via 2-amino-4-hydroxy-5-phenylbutylpyrimidine-6-carboxaldehyde

Condensation of isopropyl 6-phenylhexanoate with ethyl diethoxyacetate followed by guanidine afforded 2 - amino-6-diethoxymethyl-5-phenylbutyl-4-pyrimidinol (VII). Acid hydrolysis of VII gave an excellent yield of 2-amino-4-hydroxy-5-phenylbutylpyrimidine-6-carboxaldehyde (IV); the latter could be condensed with stabilized Wittig reagents such as carbethoxymethylene triphenyl phosphorane and cinnamylidene triphenyl phosphorane, but not unstabilized Wittig reagents such as carbethoxypropylene or cyano-propylene triphenyl phosphorane. Reduction of the Wittig products afforded pyrimidines with functionalized side-chains in the 6-position such as the 6-phenylbutyl (XVIII) and 6-carboxyethyl (XV) derivatives of 2-amino-5-phenylbutyl-4-pyrimidinol.     

合成梨圆蚧性信息素主要组分的新路线

3,7-二甲基-2,7-辛二烯-1-醇丙酸酯(1)是梨圆蚧性信息素的主要组分。报道的以乙酰乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯为原料的合成工作,路线太长。考虑到化合物(1)具有1,5-二羰基化合物的碳骨架,我们合成了2,6-庚二酮(2),并通过单保护及两步Wittig反应合成了化合物(1),合成路线如下:     

Total synthesis of (+)-spongistatin 1. An effective second-generation construction of an advanced EF Wittig salt,fragment union,and final elaboration

A stereocontrolled, total synthesis of (+)-spongistatin 1 (1) has been achieved. Union of a second-generation EF Wittig salt (+)-3 with the advanced ABCD aldehyde (-)-4, followed by regioselective macrolactonization and global deprotection afforded (+)-spongistatin 1 (1). The longest linear sequence, 29 steps, proceeded in 0.5% overall yield.     

Synthesis of olivanic acid analogues: a facile route to 3-(2-pyrimidinylthio-) substituted derivatives

3-(2-Pyrimidinylthio-) substituted olivanic acid analogues, with and without a C-6 hydroxyethyl substituent, have been synthesised in high yield using an intramolecular Wittig reaction followed by deprotection to afford zwitterions with high antibacterial activity.     

Synthesis of trans-vaccenic acid and cis-9-trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid

The preparation of the monounsaturated fatty acid, trans-vaccenic acid 4 (TVA), using both Wittig and one-pot Julia-Kocieński olefination protocol, was achieved in good yield. Similarly a Wittig approach was employed for the stereoselective synthesis of cis-9-trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid 2 from trans-2-nonenal and (8-carboxyoctyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide 12.     

Synthesis of 4-vinylquinoline: Pyrolytic rearrangement of the 4-(1-hydroxyethyl)quinoline and related derivatives

The synthesis of 4-vinylquinoline has been carried out by means of the Wittig reaction between 4-quino-linecarbaldehyde and the methyl triphenylphosphonium ylide in dimethyl sulphoxide in good yield. Dehydration of the 4-(1-hydroxyethyl)quinoline and their xanthate derivative, give equimolar amounts of 4-ethylquinoline and 4-acetylquinoline while small amounts of 4-vinylquinoline were found. Dehydrochlorination of 4-(1-chloroethyl)quinoline in ethanol-sodium hydroxide provides 4-ethyl-3-ethoxyquinoline in good yield, but 4-vinylquinoline is a minor reaction product.     

离子液体中顺式-1,2,3-三(2-呋喃基)-2-丙烯-1-酮的合成

以离子液体[bmim][BF4]为反应溶剂,糠偶酰与2-呋喃基亚甲基叶立德经Wittig缩合合成了新化合物--顺式-1,2,3-三(2-呋喃基)-2-丙烯-1-酮,产率90%,其结构经1H NMR和MS表征.     

Synthetic application of acylnitroso Diels-Alder derived aminocyclopentenols: total synthesis of (+)-streptazolin

Concise total syntheses of (+)-streptazolin 1 and its more stable dihydro derivative 2 were accomplished via an intramolecular aldol condensation strategy starting from readily available aminocyclopentenol (-)-7. The synthetic sequence included reductive amination, stereoselective epoxidation, intramolecular aldol (and condensation) reaction, and Wittig reaction. The overall yield for dihydro derivative 2 from aminocyclopentenol (-)-7 was about 7% for a total of 14 steps.     

(±)-脱落酸的合成

以β-紫罗兰酮为起始原料,经环氧化、开环、烯丙位氧化、Wittig反应、碱性水解5步反应,以39％的总收率合成了植物激素3-甲基-5-(1-羟基-4-氧代-2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯基)-2,4-戊二烯酸(脱落酸),用IR、¹H NMR、MS及元素分析等测试技术表征了产物的结构。     

A short synthesis of 3-enoyltetramic acids employing a new acyl ylide conjugate of Meldrum’s acid

2,2-Dimethyl-5-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetyl-1,3-dioxan-4,6-dione (3) is a new activated β-ketoacyl equivalent, readily prepared in quantitative yield by reaction of Meldrum’s acid with the stable ylide Ph₃PCCO. Its reaction with α-amino esters affords the corresponding N-(β-ketoacyl)amino ester ylides which, when treated with aldehydes and KOtBu, undergo a simultaneous Wittig olefination cum Dieckmann cyclisation to yield the respective 3-enoyltetramic acids.     

Solid-state Synthesis of Aryl and Vinyl of Ferrocene Derivatives via Wittig Reaction

Organometallic structure possessing extensively conjugated π-electron system are an interesting class of potentially highly nonlinear molecular blocks and photoactive semiconductor^[1,2]. The title compounds were synthesized following Wittig reaction or palladium-catalyzed reaction of olefines and iodoferrocene, which proceed in solution and refluxing^[3]. However, there are always some disadvantages such as long reaction time, difficult work-up and low yield. Herein we report a free-solvent synthesis of aryl and vinyl ferrocene derivatives. As shown in the table, the phosphoning salt (1mol),NaOH (1.5mol) and formylferrocene (1mol) were mixed by grinding at room temperature to 65℃ in dry state to give the corresponding title compounds in 60-90% yield. The reaction was usually completed within a few minutes. The product thus obtained is mainly E-isomer. It could be emphasized that solid-state Wittig reaction is fast, cleaner and efficient.     

Catalytic asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions using alpha,beta-unsaturated N-acylpyrroles as highly reactive monodentate alpha,beta-unsaturated ester surrogates

Synthesis and application of alpha,beta-unsaturated N-acylpyrroles as highly reactive, monodentate ester surrogates in the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation and Michael reactions are described. alpha,beta-Unsaturated N-acylpyrroles with various functional groups were synthesized by the Wittig reaction using ylide 2. A Sm(O-i-Pr)(3)/H(8)-BINOL complex was the most effective catalyst for the epoxidation to afford pyrrolyl epoxides in up to 100% yield and >99% ee. Catalyst loading was successfully reduced to as little as 0.02 mol % (substrate/catalyst = 5000). The high turnover frequency and high volumetric productivity of the present reaction are also noteworthy. In addition, a sequential Wittig olefination-catalytic asymmetric epoxidation reaction was developed, providing efficient one-pot access to optically active epoxides from various aldehydes in high yield and ee (96-->99%). In a direct catalytic asymmetric Michael reaction of hydroxyketone promoted by the Et(2)Zn/linked-BINOL complex, Michael adducts were obtained in good yield (74-97%), dr (69/31-95/5), and ee (73-95%). This represents the first direct catalytic asymmetric Michael reaction of unmodified ketone to an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative. The properties of alpha,beta-unsaturated N-acylpyrrole are also discussed. Finally, the utility of the N-acylpyrrole unit for further transformations is demonstrated.     

Chemistry of diazocarbonyl compounds: XXX. Development of a synthetic approach to pyridazine structure via wittig reaction of fluoroalkyl-containing diazo keto esters

3,4,6-Trisubstituted pyridazines were synthesized from fluoroalkyl-containing diazo keto esters in three steps along two different reaction sequences: (1) Wittig, Staudinger, and diaza-Wittig and (2) Staudinger, Wittig, and diaza-Wittig. According to the first of these with the initial Wittig reaction, the yield of the target 4-fluoroalkyl-substituted pyridazines is almost twice as large as in the reaction sequence involving the corresponding N-phosphanylidene derivatives as intermediates. In both sequences, the final steps (synthesis of vinylphosphazenes and the subsequent diaza-Wittig reaction) occurred as a tandem process, and intermediate vinylphosphazenes could not be isolated. Non-fluorinated diazo keto esters and the respective phosphazenes failed to react with alkoxycarbonylmethylidene(triphenyl)phosphoranes under the same conditions.     

Functionalisation reactions of 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles bearing a terminal ethynyl or butadiynyl substituent: X-ray crystal structures of the products

2-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-5-(4-ethynylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 1 and the butadiyne analogue 2 reacted with triethyl orthoformate in the presence of zinc iodide to give the acetal derivatives 3 and 4 which were hydrolysed with Amberlyst-15 in acetone-water to afford the alkynylaldehyde derivatives 5 and 6 in high yields. The reaction of 4,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-2-tributylphosphonium-1,3-dithiole tetrafluoroborate 7 salt with 5(nBuLi, THF) gave the Wittig product 2-(3-[4-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]prop-2-ynylidene)-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dimethyl dicarboxylate 11 (33% yield) whereas other attempted Wittig and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions led to the unexpected loss of the aldehyde group from compounds 5 and 6 to give 1 and 2, respectively. The X-ray crystal structures of compounds, 3, 4, 5 and 11 are reported: the pi-systems of all four molecules adopt predominantly planar conformations. A comparison of bond lengths in the structures of 5 and 11 reveals extended pi-conjugation in the latter.     

Synthesis of (+)-patulolide C via an asymmetric hydroformylation/macrocyclization cascade

A highly atom-economical total synthesis of (+)-patulolide C has been accomplished in three steps from the known (2R)-8-nonyn-2-ol in 49% overall yield and 93% de. A Rh(I)-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation (AHF)/ intramolecular Wittig olefination cascade was utilized to set the C4-hydroxyl stereochemistry and E-olefin geometry as well as form the macrolactone.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of (3R, 5R)-3-((tert-Butyldimethylsily)oxy)-5-((Z)-2-Bromovinyl)-Tetrahydro-Furan-2-one, an Intermediate for the Synthesis of Fostriecin

Fostriecin(CI-920) 11 a potential anticancer agent presently in phase I clinical trials at NCI is a novel phosphate ester produced by Streptomyces pulveraceus. Scheme 1 1 2 3 5 4 Synthesis of C10 epimer of compound 1 had been reported by Just G2. during the determination of its structure. On the basis of Just’s synthesis, a revised retro-asymmetric synthetic route of Fostriecin (scheme 1) was designed here of which compound 3 was synthesized from 5 with C3 in R configuration correspondi…     

Enantioselective synthesis of the excitatory amino acid (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid

An enantioselective synthesis of the alpha,alpha-dialkyl-alpha-amino acid (1S,3R)-ACPD has been achieved using an alkylidene carbene 1,5-CH insertion reaction as a key step. The ketone cyclization precursor was synthesized from Garner's aldehyde in high yield via a Wittig homologation and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation. Treatment of the ketone with 1.2 equiv of lithio(trimethylsilyl)diazomethane in THF resulted in the formation of the corresponding cyclopentene-containing CH-insertion product in 62-69% yield in high enantiomeric excess. Subsequent functional group manipulation allowed the synthesis of the amino acid (1S,3R)-ACPD to be completed.     

Efficient entry to 1-benzoxepine ring skeleton via tandem SN2/Wittig reaction. Total synthesis of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) antagonist pterulinic acid

Concise synthesis of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) antagonist pterulinic acid (1a) is reported. The key architectural framework in the natural product, 1-benzoxepine ring skeleton, was smoothly prepared from known salicylaldehyde 2g and phosphorane 3 via tandem S_N2/Wittig reaction. Pterulinic acid was prepared in 5 steps from 2g with overall yield of 25%. The versatility of tandem S_N2/Wittig reaction was investigated. This tandem reaction tolerated various alkyl, ether, tertiaryamine and nitro substituted salicylaldehyde, and it gave the corresponding 1-benzoxepine ring skeleton in moderated yield (21-72%).     

(±)-19-去甲基-4(18),8,11,13-四烯-松香烷-7-酮的全合成

以间异丙基溴苯1为起始原料,通过进攻环氧乙烷及溴代两步制得溴化物3.溴化物3与Hagemann′s酯发生偶联反应,水解后生成偶联产物5.再以路易斯酸BF3·Et2O催化化合物5进行分子内环化为关键步骤得到反式稠合中间体6,最后通过与三苯基膦碘甲烷季盐发生Wittig反应及氧化,合成了(±)-19-去甲基-4(18),8,11,13-四烯-松香烷-7-酮[19-nor-abieta-4(18),8,11,13-tetraen-7-one](8).     

Sequential cross-metathesis/phosphorus-based olefination: stereoselective synthesis of 2,4-dienoates

A variety of stereodefined 2,4-dienoates have been prepared in a stereoselective manner by sequencing olefin cross-metathesis (CM) with phosphorus-based olefination reactions (Wittig and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons) in good yield using commercially available reagents.