稀硫酸吸收-顶空气相色谱法测定环境空气中吡啶

建立了稀硫酸吸收、顶空进样、气相色谱法测定环境空气中吡啶的方法。利用稀硫酸作为吸收液吸收环境空气中的吡啶，将吸收液转移至顶空瓶中，用氢氧化钠溶液调节吸收液的酸碱度，并加入氯化钠减少吡啶的溶解度，加热平衡后取上部空间气体注入气相色谱仪进样口分析，制作标准工作曲线，可以准确测定环境空气中吡啶的含量。最优实验条件：使用多孔玻板吸收管采集样品；采样流量为0.5 L/min；样品测定时pH需大于12；顶空加热温度为80℃，平衡时间为30 min，阀温度和传输线温度为120℃。吡啶在0.20～10.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内线性良好，检出限为0.02 mg/m³，测定值的相对标准偏差为2.6%～8.7%(n=6)，标准回收率为88.0%～105.3%。环境空气样品应在采集后立即测定，若延迟测定，应于0～4℃存放，可保存7 d。     

原子吸收无火焰钽舟法测定岩石中痕量镱

原子吸收无火焰钽舟法测定岩石样品中痕量镱,除铝、钠、硅、铁、钙以外其它元素不干扰测定。样品分解后,经PMBP萃取分离用本法测定获得了良好结果。该法灵敏度为6×10~(-12)克/1％吸收。 (一)仪器与主要试剂 1.以QR-50型分光光度计为主体组装的原子吸收分光光度计。 2.混合指示剂;溴甲酚绿及甲基红各0.2％乙醇溶液以3∶1体积混合。     

火焰原子吸收法测定钴基合金喷粉中铁的含量

建立了一种用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定钴基合金喷粉中铁含量的分析方法,探讨了硅对铁测定的干扰机理,对用氯化钙作为硅干扰铁测定的释放剂进行了试验。该方法测定铁含量的线性范围为O～10mg/L,线性相关系数为0．9980。对含铁2.29％的钴基合金喷粉标准样品进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．28％(n=6)．加标回收率为95．0％～104.0％。     

气相色谱-负化学源质谱法测定蜂蜜和奶粉中氯霉素残留量

研究了蜂蜜和奶粉中氯霉素残留量的气相色谱——质谱分析方法。将样品溶于水,其中的氯霉素残留物用乙酸乙酯提取,提取物用C18固相萃取柱净化,净化液再用乙酸乙酯反提取,经N,O-双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA) 1％三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)衍生后,用配有负化学源质谱检测器的气相色谱仪测定。当添加水平为0．1～10μg/kg时,回收率为80．4％～95．3％,相对标准偏差为9．3％～18．1％。     

高纯铝中痕量硅的光度测定

本文采用硅钼蓝正戊醇萃取光度法测定高纯铝中痕量硅,以1-氨基-2荼酚-4磺酸为还原剂,还原时间需12分钟(5-30℃),颜色可稳定1.5小时,以正戊醇萃取硅钼蓝时,溶液酸度在2.9-4.5N时能获得较好的萃取率,且吸光度恒定,铝量大于0.5克使结果偏低,取样量应控制在0.2-0.25克。测定结果表明,含硅量在1×10_(-3)-2× 10_(-5) ％准确度能满足要求,回收率也较好,方法比较快速。分析方法: (1)碱溶样法:称取0.25克试样于塑料烧杯中,用带刻度塑料吸管准确加入10N氢氧化钠5     

磷酸蒸馏-离子色谱法测定药物中的氰根总量

建立了磷酸蒸馏-离子色谱法测定药物中氰根总量的方法。样品在加入磷酸的环境下,加热蒸馏,将氰根转化成氰化氢的形式被蒸馏出来,经过冷凝管后被氢氧化钠溶液吸收。吸收液用离子色谱-安培检测器测定氰根含量。离子色谱条件:IonPac AS11-HC色谱柱(250mm×4mm)和IonPac AG11-HC保护柱(50mm×4mm),流量1.0mL·min~(-1),4mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠淋洗液。氰根的质量浓度在0.02～1.0mg·L~(-1)内与其峰面积之间呈线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,检出限(3S/N)为0.004 mg·L~(-1),样品的加标回收率为100%～102%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.0%～2.1%。该方法灵敏度好、精密度和重复性高,有效避免了药物基体的干扰,为难以消除的基体药物中氰根的测定提供新方法和新思路。     

吸收液采样-顶空-气相色谱法测定废气中吡啶

用吸收液采集废气样品,顶空进样,采用气相色谱法测定进样气体中吡啶的含量。用DB-FFAP毛细管色谱柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器测定。优化的试验条件如下:①采用多孔玻板吸收瓶采集样品;②吸收液的体积为45mL;③采样流量为0.5L·min^-1;④样品在4℃下,7d内完成分析;⑤吸收液的pH大于12;⑥加入3g氯化钠调节吸收液离子强度;⑦顶空温度为80℃,顶空平衡时间为30min。吡啶的质量浓度在100mg·L^-1以内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限为0.05 mg·m^-3。对3个不同浓度水平的吡啶标准气体进行测定,相对误差为-8.0%^-4.7%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%~7.8%。     

消毒剂中过氧乙酸的离子色谱测定法

建立了离子色谱法测定消毒剂中过氧乙酸的方法。过氧乙酸加热分解为乙酸和氧气,用氢氧化钠溶液吸收,通过测定溶液中醋酸根离子浓度,间接测定过氧乙酸的浓度。在Metrosep A supp 5-250型阴离子分离柱上,以3.2 mmol/L Na_2CO_3和1.0 mmol/LNa HCO_3混合溶液作为淋洗液,抑制型电导检测,以0.6 m L/min流量洗脱,按峰面积定量。方法检出限(3S/N)为0.1 mg/L。用标准加入法,以实体为基体进行回收试验,测得回收率为96.4%~100.3%。方法和GB 19104-2008两步滴定法测定过氧乙酸消毒剂样品中的过氧乙酸含量方法对比,结果一致。     

纯硅中微量铅的方波极谱法测定

方波极谱测定铅是很灵敏的,用它测定纯硅中的微量铅(<0.001%)是比较理想的方法。由于铅在许多底液中均可产生良好的还原波,所以在选用底液时应考虑空白的影响。盐酸底液波形好,空白低,但又存在铅波与锡波的重叠干扰。本法用加溴水加热赶锡,消除了锡的干扰,纯硅中的共存元素除锡外均不影响铅的测定。在3N盐酸介质中,铅的峰电位为-0.48伏(对汞池阳极),铅含量在0～0.4微克/毫升,波高与浓度呈线性关系。试样加标准回收率为92～102%,本法与X-荧光,原子吸收法测定数据进行对照,结果一致。     

一氧化二氮—乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定镍—镉浸渍液中硅

提出用一氧化二氮-乙炔火焰原子吸收法分析镍-镉浸渍液中硅.方法具有良好的灵敏度,干扰少,重现性好.硅量在5～50μg.ml~(-1)范围内与吸光度呈线性关系.测定样品中硅34.0μg.ml~(-1)(n=10)时,相对标准偏差为2.2%.标准加入回收率在98%～103%范围内,适用于镍-镉浸渍液中硅的分析.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.