含氟水性涂料中全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定含氟水性涂料中全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)的方法.含氟水性涂料中的PFOS采用超声提取,上清液经固相萃取柱淋洗萃取,萃取液经0.2 μm有机滤膜过滤后,以80:20 (体积比)的乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相,经HPLC分离后用多级反应监测(MRM)模式测定.用2个子离子的相对丰度定性,外标法定量.PFOS在0.002 ～0.1 mg/L范围内线性良好(r=0.999 5),回收率为96% ～101%,相对标准偏差为0.54% ～2.92%,方法的定量下限(S/N≥10)为2 mg/L(0.0002%),满足欧盟法规对含氟水性涂料中PFOS的限量检测要求.     

柱上衍生-气相色谱-质谱法测定纺织织物中的痕量全氟辛基磺酸

建立了柱上衍生-气相色谱-质谱法测定憎水憎油纺织织物中痕量全氟辛基磺酸(PFOS)的检测方法,运用超声-微波协同提取技术,使用四丁基氢氧化铵(TBAH)为衍生化试剂,与PFOS形成铵盐,并在柱上进行原位裂解烷基化反应,所得PFOS丁酯利用气相色谱-质谱法进行分离和分析,采用选择离子(SIM)模式检测,特征离子分别为m/z 57,69,131,169和449。本方法的加标回收率为83.6%～91.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于7.34%,检出限为59 mg/L。运用本法对憎水憎油纺织织物样品进行检测,PFOS含量在0.063～13.9 mg/kg之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品包装材料中全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)

建立了用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC/MS/MS)结合快速溶剂萃取测定食品包装材料中全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)的方法。采用乙腈溶剂,快速溶剂提取食品包装材料中的PFOS,提取液经0.2μm有机滤膜过滤后,以V(乙腈)∶V(10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液)=80∶20为流动相,经HPLC分离后用多级反应监测(MRM)方式测定。用两个子离子的相对丰度定性,外标法定量。PFOS在0.002~0.1μg/mL范围内线性良好(R2=0.998),回收率为93.8%~101%,精密度RSD为1.6%~3.1%,方法检出限为0.4μg/m2(S/N≥10),满足欧盟法规对食品包装材料中PFOS的限量检测要求。方法可用于食品包装材料中PFOS的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定电子电气产品中全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定电子电气产品中全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)的分析方法。采用加速溶剂萃取提取样品中PFOA和PFOS,二氯甲烷作溶剂,外标法定量,LC-MS/MS分析时间1 m in。电子电气产品中PFOS不同加标质量分数(0.25,0.75和1.25 mg/kg)的平均回收率分别为:91.6%、92.8%和94.7%;PFOA不同加标质量分数(0.50,1.25和2.25 mg/kg)的平均回收率分别为:90.1%、91.5%和93.4%;PFOS和PFOA测定的相对标准偏差分别为2.8%~3.3%和4.2%~4.9%。测定了金属框架涂层和氟聚合物材料中PFOS和PFOA的含量,PFOS含量分别为16μg/m2和0.89%,PFOA未检出     

离子液体修饰的磁性类沸石咪唑酯骨架材料在藻毒素分析中的应用

采用基于离子液体修饰的类沸石咪唑酯磁性复合纳米材料(IL@M/ZIF-8)的磁性固相萃取(MSPE)前处理技术,结合超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定环境水体中痕量微囊藻毒素MC-RR和MC-LR的浓度水平。以扫描电镜和透射电镜对合成材料进行表征,并对UPLC-MS/MS条件和MSPE技术中吸附剂用量、水样pH值、洗脱溶剂的种类、振荡时间等参数进行优化。在最佳条件下,MC-RR和MC-LR分别在0.01～5μg/L和0.05～5μg/L浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性系数(r)分别为0.999 5、0.999 3,检出限分别为1.98、3.94 ng/L,定量下限分别为6.52、12.98 ng/L。将该方法应用于实际水样的测定,加标回收率为88.5%～108%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～7.2%。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,可用于水样中痕量微囊藻毒素的检测。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法同时检测食品中5种人工合成甜味剂

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测仪(HPLC-ELSD)同时检测食品中安赛蜜、糖精钠、甜蜜素、三氯蔗糖和阿斯巴甜5种甜味剂的方法。甜味剂经0.1%(v/v)甲酸缓冲液提取后,利用C18固相萃取小柱净化浓缩,以3 μm C18柱为分离柱,0.1%(v/v)甲酸(氨水调节pH=3.5)-甲醇(61:39, v/v)为流动相,经高效液相色谱法分离,蒸发光散射检测器进行检测。结果表明,5种甜味剂在30～1000 mg/L的范围内,具有良好的线性关系(相关系数大于0.997);在3个添加水平下,样品的平均回收率为85.6%～109.0%,相对标准偏差小于4.0%;方法检出限(LOD,信噪比(S/N)=3)分别为安赛蜜2.5 mg/L、糖精钠3 mg/L、甜蜜素10 mg/L、三氯蔗糖2.5 mg/L及阿斯巴甜5 mg/L。该方法简单、灵敏、操作成本低,可用于不同形态食品中多种甜味剂的同时检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素

建立了化妆品中欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定与确证方法。样品经甲醇提取,以C18柱为分离柱,10 mmol/L乙酸铵/甲醇溶液-5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(80:20, v/v)为流动相分离,采用电喷雾串联四极杆质谱进行检测。欧前胡素和异欧前胡素在0.25～20 μg/L内线性良好(相关系数大于0.999);方法定量限(LOQ)为0.50 mg/kg。在0.50～10.0 mg/kg内,欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的回收率范围分别为82.2%～105%和80.0%～103%,相对标准偏差分别为2.7%～4.9%和1.8%～4.6%。该方法能够满足化妆品中欧前胡素和异欧前胡素检测的需要。     

固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱法测定油脂中的3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯

建立了固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱检测油脂中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯(3-MCPD-DP)的分析方法。油脂经溶解后,以自填装PSA+C_(18)吸附剂的固相萃取柱净化,ThermoFisher Accucore C_(18)色谱柱分离,以10 mmol/L甲酸铵甲醇溶液和10 mmol/L甲酸铵异丙醇溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子模式扫描,多反应监测模式定性分析,内标法定量。对离子化条件、固相萃取吸附剂用量、洗脱条件、定容溶液等条件进行了考察。在优化条件下,3-MCPD-DP在0.5～1 000 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r~20.999),方法检出限(S/N≥3)与定量下限(S/N≥10)分别为0.025 mg/kg和0.050 mg/kg。在橄榄油样品中加标量为0.1～0.5 mg/kg时,3-MCPD-DP的平均回收率为90.8%～102%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.1%～3.0%。该方法前处理简单快速、灵敏度较高,可满足油脂中3-MCPD-DP的检测要求。     

水环境中16种农药残留的SPE-HPLC分析方法研究

建立了一种测定水环境中16种农药残留的反相高效液相色谱法。样品直接过C18固相萃取小柱富集浓缩,甲醇洗脱,采用高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测,外标法定量。16种农药质量浓度在0.25～10mg/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9990～0.9999。在质量浓度0.05～0.3mg/L范围内,平均加标回收率在70.7%～112.2%之间,相对标准偏差为1.6%～12%。方法的检出限0.01～0.23mg/L。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定加味左金丸中的9种有效成分

建立了同时测定加味左金丸中9种药效成分含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。采用Zorbax RRHD Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱,以含0.2%甲酸的水-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min,在电喷雾电离(ESI)正离子模式下,采用多重反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明,芍药苷、延胡索乙素、药根碱、小檗碱、巴马汀、吴茱萸碱、柴胡皂苷C、柴胡皂苷A、柴胡皂苷D的线性范围分别为0.025～5.0 mg/L、0.0010～2.0 mg/L、0.0023～7.2 mg/L、0.0027～28.9 mg/L、0.0023～9.1 mg/L、0.0050～1.0 mg/L、0.050～10 mg/L、0.005～1.0 mg/L、0.0075～1.5 mg/L;检出限分别为5.0、0.20、0.45、0.54、0.45、1.0、10、1.0、1.5 μg/L。9种成分的加样回收率为99.3%～105%,相对标准偏差均不大于2.6%。该法快捷、准确、重复性好,已成功用于实际样品的分析。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中7种萘二酚类物质

建立了反相高效液相色谱((RP-HPLC))同时测定化妆品中7种萘二酚类物质的分析方法。膏霜类、乳液类和水类样品用95%(v/v)乙醇提取,粉类样品用95%乙醇-0.1%乙酸(3:2, v/v)溶液提取,经离心、过滤后,用C18柱,以甲醇-0.1%乙酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱分离,使用二极管阵列检测器检测,以保留时间定性,并以紫外吸收光谱图辅助定性,外标法定量。结果表明,萘二酚类物质在线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均不低于0.999 0,方法的定量限(以信噪比为10计)为0.5～1.2 mg/kg,添加水平为5.0～50 mg/kg时回收率为84.0%～102%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%～5.7%。该法前处理简单、回收率高、精密度好,适用于非蜡基类化妆品中萘二酚类物质的测定。     

On-line SPE-Nano-LC-Nanospray-MS for rapid and sensitive determination of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in river water

An instrumental set up including on-line solid-phase extraction, nano-liquid chromatography, and nanospray mass spectrometry is constructed to improve the sensitivity for quantitation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in surface water. Sample volumes of 1000 microL are loaded onto a microbore 1.0-mm i.d. x 5 mm, 5 microm Kromasil C(18) enrichment column by a carrier solution consisting of 10mM ammonium acetate in acetonitrile-water (10:90, v/v) at a flow rate of 250 microL/min, providing on-line analyte enrichment and sample clean-up. Backflushed elution onto a 0.1-mm i.d. x 150 mm, 3.5 microm Kromasil C(18) analytical column is conducted using an acetonitrile-10mM ammonium acetate solvent gradient from 30% to 70% acetonitrile. Water samples are added with internal standard (perfluoroheptanoic acid) and filtrated prior to injection. The mass limits of detection of PFOA and PFOS are 0.5 and 1 pg, respectively, corresponding to concentration limits of detection of 500 pg/L and 1 ng/L, respectively. The total time spent on sample preparation, chromatography, and detection is approximately 12 min per sample. The method was employed for the determination of PFOS and PFOA in urban river water.     

Electrochemical Studies on Self‐assembled Monolayer (SAM) Upon Exposure to Anionic Surfactants: PFOA,PFOS, SDS and SDBS

We investigate the interaction between anionic surfactants (AS) and a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The AS include two common fluorosurfactants, which have been previously formulated in aqueous film‐forming foam (AFFF): perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and two common detergents: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS). The AS can re‐configure the SAM arrangement, particularly on nanoporous gold surface due to the high density of defects and pinholes of SAM, which results in changes to the electrochemical redox kinetics and interface capacitance of the SAM. Based on the experimental results, we hypothesis that AS insert and dope the pristine monolayer, which is evidenced with EQCM and EIS.     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱分离测定洗涤用品中4种荧光增白剂

建立了固相萃取净化结合超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-DAD)同时检测洗衣液、洗衣粉等洗涤用品中荧光增白剂351、85、28和71的分析方法。样品经2%（体积分数）甲酸水溶液-甲醇提取,经WAX固相萃取小柱净化后,采用Phenomenex Synergi Max-RP色谱柱(150 mm×2.0 mm),以乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸铵为流动相实现待测物(包括顺式和反式异构体)的良好分离,以二极管阵列检测器检测,结合保留时间和光谱图定性,以标准曲线定量。结果表明,4种荧光增白剂在0.05～180 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9993;方法定量限(S/N=10)为1.5～15 mg/kg;添加水平为5～1500 mg/kg时,回收率为84.9%～105%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=6)为3.2%～6.1%。应用本方法分析了15个样品,阳性样品检出率为53.3%。该法前处理简单,回收率高,精密度好,适用于洗涤用品中4种荧光增白剂的测定。     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定罐头食品中的尿素

建立了罐头食品中尿素残留检测的柱前衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法.取5.0 g样品,经20 mL 1%(v/v)乙酸溶液提取、定容,离心后取上清液过滤,吸取0.5 mL提取液用呫吨醇进行衍生,采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器进行测定.尿素在0.1~500 mg/L内线性良好,相关系数大于0.9995.实验表明,在5种罐头食品中各添加0.001~30 g/kg尿素,其平均回收率为80.2%~109.7%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.05%~6.53%,检出限为0.5 mg/kg,定量限为1.0 mg/kg.利用本研究建立的方法对168个实际样品进行测定,在3个肉类罐头样品中检出尿素,含量分别为10.6、62.1和2.6 mg/kg.方法稳定、可靠、操作简单,适用于罐头食品中尿素的检测.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、双酚A和壬基酚残留

建立了婴幼儿配方乳粉中全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、双酚A和壬基酚多残留的高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用测定方法。样品用水超声溶解,乙腈沉淀蛋白质,液相色谱-串联质谱测定,基质内标法定量。以Hypersil GOLD C₁₈色谱柱（50 mm×4.6 mm,1.9 μm）分离,流动相为30 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液和甲醇,流速0.30 mL/min。在该优化条件下,全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、双酚A和壬基酚的定量限分别为0.5、1.0、10.0和5.0 μg/kg,方法回收率为86.1%~106.8%,相对标准偏差为2.87%~9.53%。测定了多种市售婴幼儿配方奶粉,表明该方法操作简单、测定结果准确,可用于婴幼儿配方奶粉中全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、双酚A和壬基酚多残留的同时快速测定。     

离子色谱法同时测定离子液体中六氟磷酸根及痕量杂阴离子

建立了一种同时测定离子液体中六氟磷酸根(PF~6)和痕量杂阴离子氟、氯、溴(F~,Cl~,Br~)的离子色谱方法(IC)。样品经溶解、稀释、过滤后用Dionex IonPac AS22分离柱(250 mm×4 mm)分离,淋洗液为碳酸盐-乙腈体系(体积比为70:30),流速1.0 mL/min,采用Dionex DS6电导检测器检测,外标法定量。F~,Cl~,Br~和PF~6的线性范围分别为0.5～50 μg/L、10～200 μg/L、10～200 μg/L和0.9～45 mg/L,线性相关系数分别为0.9999,0.9998,0.9999和0.9998,加标回收率为94.5%～100.5%,相对标准偏差为0.63%～1.03%,检出限(以信噪比为3计)分别为0.5 μg/L、2.0 μg/L、5.0 μg/L和0.9 mg/L。该方法用于离子液体中六氟磷酸根和痕量杂阴离子的同时测定,结果令人满意。     

Determination of aromatic amines in aqueous extracts of polyurethane foam using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry

A method is presented for the determination of aromatic amines in aqueous extracts of polyurethane (PUR) foam. The method is based on the extraction of PUR foam using aqueous acetic acid (0.1%, w/v) followed by determination of extracted aromatic amines using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with positive electrospray ionisation. The injections of volumes up to 5 μL of aqueous solutions were made possible by on-column focusing with partially filled loop injections. The fragmentation patterns for 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diamine (TDA) and 4,4′-methylene dianiline (MDA) were clarified by performing a hydrogen-deuterium exchange study.TDA and MDA were determined using trideuterated 2,4- and 2,6-TDA and dideuterated 4,4′-MDA as internal standards. Linear calibration graphs were obtained over the range 0.025-0.5 μg mL⁻¹ with correlation coefficients >0.996 and the instrumental detection limit for each compound was <50 fmol. The stability of the amines was influenced by the matrix, so their concentrations decreased over time.Agreement was observed between the results of analyses of PUR foam extracts by HILIC-MS/MS and results obtained by ethyl chloroformate derivatisation and reversed phase (RP) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).TDA was observed to be unstable in extracts of foam but not in pure solutions.     

Determination of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in human plasma by large volume injection capillary column switching liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Rapid, selective, and sensitive methodology for the quantification of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in human plasma using packed capillary liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry has been developed. Plasma proteins were precipitated using acetonitrile and the resulting supernatant was diluted 1+1 with water containing 10 mM ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) prior to injection. Sample volumes of 250 microL were loaded onto a 30 mm x 0.32 mm ID 10 microm Kromasil C18 precolumn by a carrier solution consisting of 10 mM NH4Ac in ACN/H2O (5/95, v/v) at a flow rate of 100 microL/min, providing on-line analyte enrichment and sample clean-up. Backflushed elution onto a 100 mm x 0.32 mm ID 3.5 microm Kromasil C18 analytical column was conducted using an ACN/H2O solvent gradient containing 10 mM NH4Ac. In order to improve the robustness and performance of the method, perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHA) was used as internal standard. Separation and detection of PFOA, PFHA, and PFOS were achieved within 10 minutes. Ionization was performed in the negative mode in the m/z range 250-550. The method was validated over the concentration range 1-200 ng/mL for PFOA and over the range 5-200 ng/mL untreated plasma for PFOS, yielding correlation coefficients of 0.997 (PFOA) and 0.996 (PFOS), respectively. The within-assay (n = 6) and between-assay (n = 6) precisions were in the range 2.1-9.2 and 5.6-12%, respectively. The concentration limits of detection (cLOD) of PFOA was 0.5 ng/mL while the cLOD of PFOS was estimated to be 0.2 ng/mL in untreated plasma.