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1.
The results of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations on optical properties of vanadium complexes VOCl3, VOCl4 -, VOCl5 2-, as well as the VO4 3- ion, are presented. The spectra of excited states in the range 25000-60000 cm-1 have been analyzed using the time-dependent DFT method (TDDFT). Spectroscopic features of structural defects (low-coordinated (LC) oxygen ions), as well as surface point defects (F+ and F sites) in MgO, have been studied within the cluster approach. The charge-transfer spectra and frequencies of normal vibrations for a number of active site models of finely dispersed oxides MgO and V2O5 on silica have been calculated. Comparison of the obtained results with experimental electronic diffuse reflectance spectra and fundamental frequencies confirms a hypothesis about the structure of active centers of finely dispersed oxide V2O5 on silica as monomeric forms, (O=V-O n ).  相似文献   

2.
Strontium barium niobate crystals with congruent melting composition Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN-61), both nominally pure and doped with Cr3+ и Ni3+ ions, have been investigated by neutron diffraction. Different strontium and barium contents as well as their different distribution over the Sr1, of Sr2 and Ba2 crystallographic sites of SBN-61 structure, caused by introduction of dopants, have been revealed. Coordination polyhedra of cations have been established based on the analysis of cation–anion internuclear distances together with the calculation of bond-valence sums for cations, which are equal to their formal charge. It was found that the Nb1 and Nb2 atoms are located in distorted octahedra with quadfurcated (the Nb1O6 polyhedron) or bifurcated (the Nb2O6 polyhedron) vertices, and the Sr1 atoms are located in a cuboctahedron with bifurcated vertices in the base plane. Different polyhedra have been revealed for the Sr2 and Ba2 atoms: Sr2 atoms are coordinated by 15 oxygen atoms to form a highly distorted five-capped pentagonal prism, whereas Ba2 atoms are located in a highly distorted three-capped trigonal prism with a coordination number 9. Comparison of interatomic and internuclear distances, determined by X-ray and neutron diffraction analyses, respectively, allowed to reveal a highly pronounced shift of electron density in Nb1 and Sr2 polyhedra, responsible for the covalent bond and properties of crystals. Location of Cr3+ и Ni3+ dopant ions in the SBN-61 structure as well as their formal charges has been discussed.  相似文献   

3.
Several salts containing the cation Co(penten)3+, in which the hexamin «penten» (formula: page 625) acts as a sexadentate ligand, have been synthesized and characterized. Its optical antipodes have been separated in some of the salts (Fig. 4), and the rate of racemization studied. In strongly alkaline solution one of the 5 chelate rings slowly opens and Co(penten)OH2+ is produced (Fig. 1), to which a first proton can be attached at the terminal NH2-group (→ Co(Hpenten)OH3+), and a second which converts the hydroxo-complex into the aquo-complex (→ Co(Hpenten)OH4+). The equilibria between Co(penten)3+, Co(penten)OH2+, Co(Hpenten)OH3+ and Co-(Hpenten)OH24+ have been elucidated, and the kinetics of the ring opening and ring closing reactions have been studied. Ring opening and ring closure take place with retention of configuration. It proved impossible to open two of the chelate rings of Co(penten)3+. Cristalline salts with cations of the general formula Co(penten)X3?λ or Co (Hpeten)X4?λ, with Xλ? ? OH?, H2O, F?, Cl?, Br?, J?, SCN?, NO2,? and CO32?, have been obtained and characterized (Fig. 1, 2, 7 and Table 1).  相似文献   

4.
The results of studying phase equilibria of ternary AIIBIVCV systems have been reported. Physicochemical foundations have been developed for the synthesis of new ferromagnets with Curie temperatures above room temperature structurally compatible with basic semiconducting materials. Methods of synthesis and physicochemical properties of manganese-doped AIIBIVC2V ferromagnets have been described. The results of theoretical simulation of magnetic properties have been considered and basic approaches to the explanation of the emergence of ferromagnetism in AIIBIVC2V doped with 3d metals have been surveyed. The most promising ways to produce and study dilute magnetic semiconductors as spintronics materials have been presented.  相似文献   

5.
Complexation behavior of NpO2 + with ortho-silicic acid (o-SA) has been studied using solvent extraction at ionic strengths varying from 0.10 to 1.00M (NaClO4) at pcH 3.68±0.08 and 25 °C with bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as the extractant. The stability constant value (log β1) for the 1:1 complex, NpO2(OSi(OH)3), was found to decrease with increase in ionic strength of the aqueous phase [6.83±0.01 at I=0.10M to 6.51±0.02 at I = 1.00M]. These values have been fitted in the SIT model expression and compared with similar values of complexation of the metal ions Am3+, Eu3+, UO2 2+, PuO2 2+, Np4+, Ni2+ and Co2+. The speciation of NpO2 +-o-silicate/carbonate system has been calculated as a function of pcH under ground water conditions. On leave from Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, India.  相似文献   

6.
Zinc complexes supported by tertiary 1,3,5‐triazapenta‐1,3‐dienate ligand (L1) and N ‐benzoyl‐N′ ‐arylbenzamidinate [aryl =2,6‐diisopropylphenyl (L2), phenyl (L3)] ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The reaction of L1H with ZnEt2 affords a mononuclear zinc complex [L1ZnEt] ( 1 ) in good yield. Tetra nuclear zinc complex [(L1)2Zn4O(OAc)4] ( 2 ) is prepared by treating L1H with one equivalent of Zn(OAc)2 in toluene. Further, dinuclear zinc complexes [L2ZnEt]2 ( 3 ) and [L3ZnEt]2 ( 4 ) are obtained in good yields from L2H and L3H with ZnEt2 in toluene respectively. The complexes 1–4 have been characterized by 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. All of the complexes have been explored for their catalytic activity toward the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε ‐caprolactone. It has been found that complex 1 is an active catalyst for the polymerization of ε ‐caprolactone in presence of a cocatalyst benzyl alcohol (BnOH). While complex 2 is as active as 1 there is no need for a cocatalyst for the polymerization to proceed. Dinuclear zinc complexes 3 and 4 show very high activity for the ROP of ε ‐caprolactone (CL) and rac ‐lactide (LA) without requiring a cocatalyst. The resultant polymers are found to have very high molecular weight (M n = 296 X 103 g mol−1) and relatively narrow polydispersity index compared to 1 and 2 .  相似文献   

7.
The reaction of TiF4 with PhP(O)[CH2C(O)NMe2]2 in CH2Cl2 has been studied by 19F NMR spectroscopy. It has been found that the major reaction products are chelate tetrafluoro complex (η2-L)TiF4 where the ligand is coordinated to the titanium ion through the P=O and C=O groups and cis-TiF4(ОР···L)2 where both ligands are coordinated to the central ion through the more basic P=O groups. Spectral features of the tetrafluoro chelate have been studied, which have been attributed for the first time to the appearance of a chiral center at chelate coordination. The character of manifestation of conformational isomerism of the chelate ring and chiral center in the chelating ligand in mixed octahedral complexes of d0 transition metal fluorides in 19F NMR spectra is discussed.  相似文献   

8.
The binding energies and valence state of atoms in the perovskite-like compound CaCu3V4O12 have been determined using XPS spectroscopy. The stoichiometry of this phase is formulated as Ca2+Cu2+Cu 2 + (V 2 5+ V 2 4+ O12). Under an air atmosphere, the phase interacts with water vapor and oxygen. As a result, Ca(OH)2 is formed on its surface, the Cu+ and V4+ ion concentrations decrease, and the Cu2+ and V5+ concentrations increase in association. Raman spectra show shortened cation-anion bond lengths and cation-anion-cation bond angles in CaCu3V4O12 compared to perovskite CuVO3; the two structures are alike. The electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, thermal and sensor properties of CaCu3V4O12 in aqueous salt solutions have been studied.  相似文献   

9.
The pendant‐armed ligands L1 and L2 were synthesized by N‐alkylation of the two secondary aminic groups of the oxaazamacrocyclic precursor L with o‐nitrobenzylbromide (L1) or p‐nitrobenzylbromide (L2). Metal complexes of L1 and L2 have been synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, MS‐FAB, conductivity measurements, IR, UV‐Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and magnetic studies. Crystal structures of ligands L1 and L2, as well as complexes [CdL1(NO3)2]·2CH3CN and [Ag2Br(L2)2](ClO4)·2CH3CN have been determined by single crystal X‐ray crystallography.  相似文献   

10.
Diorganotin(IV) dipyrazolinates of the type R2Sn(C15H12N2OX)2 [where C15H12N2OX = 3(2′‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐5(4‐X‐phenyl)pyrazoline {where X = H ( a ); CH3 ( b ); OCH3 ( c ); Cl ( d ) and R = Me, Prn and Ph}] have been synthesized by the reaction of R2SnCl2 with sodium salt of pyrazolines in 1:2 molar ratio, in anhydrous benzene. These newly synthesized derivatives have been characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N, Cl and Sn), molecular weight measurement as well as spectral [IR and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn)] studies. The bidentate behaviour of the pyrazoline ligands was confirmed by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. A distorted trans‐octahedral structure around tin(IV) atom for R2Sn(C15H12N2OX)2 has been suggested. The free pyrazoline and diorganotin(IV) dipyrazolinates have also been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some diorganotin(IV) dipyrazolinates exhibit higher antibacterial and antifungal effect than free ligand and some of the antibiotics. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

11.
The nitrosation of [Ru(NH3)6]2+ in hydrochloric acid and alkaline ammonia media has been studied; the patterns of interconversion of ruthenium complexes in reaction solutions have been proposed. In both cases, nitrogen(II) oxide acts as the nitrosation agent. The procedure for the synthesis of [Ru(NO)(NH3)5]Cl3 · H2O (yield 75–80%), the main nitrosation product of [Ru(NH3)6]2+, has been optimized. Thermolysis of [Ru(NO)(NH3)5]Cl3 · H2O in a helium atmosphere has been studied; the intermediates have been identified. One of these products is polyamidodichloronitrosoruthenium(II) whose subsequent decomposition gives an equimolar mixture of ruthenium metal and dioxide. The structure of trans-[RuNO(NH3)4Cl]Cl2, formed in the second stage of thermolysis and as a by-product in the nitrosation of [Ru(NH3)6]Cl2, has been determined by X-ray diffraction.  相似文献   

12.
The kinetics of interaction between glycylglycine and cis-[Ru(bipy)2(H2O)2]2+ have been studied spectrophotometrically as a function of [Ru(bipy)2(H2O) 2 2+ ], [diglycine] and temperature at a particular pH (4.8), where the substrate complex exists predominantly as the diaqua species and diglycine as the zwitter ion. The reaction has been found to proceed via two consecutive steps. The first step involves the ligand-assisted anation, while the second step involves chelation when the second aqua ligand is displaced. Rate constants have been evaluated and activation parameters calculated. The low enthalpy of activation and large negative values of entropy of activation indicate an associative mode of activation for both steps.  相似文献   

13.
Rhenium Dicarbonyl‐Nitrosyl Complexes with Imidazole Different rhenium‐dicarbonyl‐nitrosyl complexes with imidazole (Im) as monodentate ligand have been synthesized and characterized, starting from [NEt4][ReCl3(CO)2(NO)] and [ReCl(μ?Cl)(CO)2(NO)]2. Whereas the complexes [ReCl2(Im)(CO)2(NO)] and [ReCl(Im)2(CO)2(NO)]+ were achieved in high yields, the complex [Re(Im)3(CO)2(NO)]2+ with three imidazole ligands could only be isolated after complete removal of all halide ions (with AgBF4) in low yield. The synthesis of a corresponding 99mTc‐dicarbonyl‐nitrosyl complex with imidazole opens a new perspective for such compounds as potential radiopharmaceuticals and alternatives to the already established 99mTc‐tricarbonyl complexes.  相似文献   

14.
The title compound, [Sn(μ–S){SSi(OtBu)3}2]2 ( 1 ), containing four–coordinated tin(IV), crystallizes in two polymorphic modifications. The orthorhombic 1a –form has been obtained in the reaction of (tBuO)3SiSH and Et3N with SnCl2, whereas the triclinic 1b –form in the reaction with SnCl4 as substrate. The crystal and molecular structures of both polymorphs ( 1a as a redetermination) have been determined by a single–crystal X–ray diffraction study at room temperature. The title compound was shown to react with ammonia and ammonia complexes of some d–block metal cations giving products of Sn–S bond cleavage.  相似文献   

15.
Carboxylate molecular crystals have been of interest due to the presence of hydrogen bonding, which plays a significant role in chemical and crystal engineering, as well as in supramolecular chemistry. Acid–base adducts possess hydrogen bonds which increase the thermal and mechanical stability of the crystal. 2,2′‐Thiodiacetic acid (Tda) is a versatile ligand that has been widely explored, employing its multidendate and chelating coordination abilities with many metals; however, charge‐transfer complexes of thiodiacetic acid have not been reported. Two salts, namely ethylenediaminium 2,2′‐thiodiacetate, C2H10N22+·C4H4O4S22−, denoted Tdaen, and 2‐aminoanilinium 2‐(carboxymethylsulfanyl)acetate, C6H9N2+·C4H5O4S, denoted Tdaophen, were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In these salts, Tda reacts with the aliphatic (ethylenediamine) and aromatic (o‐phenylenediamine) diamines, and deprotonates them to form anions with different valencies and different supramolecular networks. In Tdaen, the divalent Tda2− anions form one‐dimensional linear supramolecular chains and these are extended into a three‐dimensional sandwich‐type supramolecular network by interaction with the ethylenediaminium cations. However, in Tdaophen, the monovalent Tda anions form one‐dimensional zigzag supramolecular chains, which are extended into a three‐dimensional supramolecular network by interaction with the 2‐aminoanilinium cations. Thus, both three‐dimensional structures display different ring motifs. The structures of these diamines, which are influenced by hydrogen‐bonded assemblies in the molecular crystals, are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

16.
The tetrathiafulvalene‐amido‐2‐pyridine‐N‐oxide ( L ) ligand has been employed to coordinate 4f elements. The architecture of the complexes mainly depends on the ionic radii of the lanthanides. Thus, the reaction of L in the same experimental protocol leads to three different molecular structure series. Binuclear [Ln2(hfac)5(O2CPhCl)( L )3] ? 2 H2O (hfac?=1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylacetonate anion, O2CPhCl?=3‐chlorobenzoate anion) and mononuclear [Ln(hfac)3( L )2] complexes were obtained by using rare‐earth ions with either large (LnIII=Pr, Gd) or small (LnIII=Y, Yb) ionic radius, respectively, whereas the use of TbIII that possesses an intermediate ionic radius led to the formation of a binuclear complex of formula [Tb2(hfac)4(O2CPhCl)2( L )2]. Antiferromagnetic interactions have been observed in the three dinuclear compounds by using an extended empirical method. Photophysical properties of the coordination complexes have been studied by solid‐state absorption spectroscopy, whereas time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculations have been carried out on the diamagnetic YIII derivative to build a molecular orbital diagram and to reproduce the absorption spectrum. For the [Yb(hfac)3( L )2] complex, the excitation at 19 600 cm?1 of the HOMO→LUMO+1/LUMO+2 charge‐transfer transition induces both line‐shape emissions in the near‐IR spectral range assigned to the 2F5/22F7/2 (9860 cm?1) ytterbium‐centered transition and a residual charge‐transfer emission around 13 150 cm?1. An efficient antenna effect that proceeds through energy transfer from the singlet excited state of the tetrathiafulvalene‐amido‐2‐pyridine‐N‐oxide chromophore is evidence of the YbIII sensitization.  相似文献   

17.
Densities of solutions of tetramethyl-bis-urea (TMbU) or “Mebicarum” in H2O and D2O, with solute mole fraction concentrations (x 2) ranging up to 3.2 × 10−3, have been measured at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K using a precision vibrating-tube densimeter. The limiting apparent molar volumes, V φ,2 , and expansibilities, E p, φ, 2 , of the solute have been calculated. The isotope effect δ V φ,2 (H2O → D2O;T) is negative, monotonously decreases in magnitude with temperature and reverses sign at T ≈ 318 K. Water (H2O, D2O) and TMbU molecules in infinitely- and highly-dilute aqueous solutions form H(D)-bonded hydration complexes with a high packing density. The hydration of TMbU should be treated as a superposition of two mechanisms, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, with the latter one predominating.  相似文献   

18.
Zirconium fluoro complexes with phosphoryl-containing bases (L) have been synthesized by the reaction of a suspension of ZrF4(dmso)2 in toluene with an excess of Ph3PO or Bu3PO, as well as (Me2N)3PO in CH2Cl2. The composition and structure of the complexes in CH2Cl2 solutions have been studied by 19F NMR in the temperature range 293–203 K. Phosphine oxides are substituted for dmso to form mainly cis-tetrafluoro species, insignificant amounts of trans-tetrafluoro species, and mer- and fac-[ZrF3L3]+ complexes. In addition to these species, the reaction with Bu3PO yields the dimeric oxo complex (µ-O)[ZrF3(Bu3PO)2]2. Hydrolysis of fluoro complexes in CH2Cl2 with the use of an NBu4OH solution in iso-PrOH does not lead to oxo and hydroxo complexes: first, the [ZrF5L] complex is formed, and the final hydrolysis product is ZrF62-. The fine structure of 19F NMR resonance lines for the zirconium fluoride compounds [ZrF5L], cis- [ZrF4L2], dimeric oxo complex, and mer-[ZrF3L3]+ in organic solvents has been observed for the first time, which makes it possible to reliably identify the composition and structure of the zirconium coordination polyhedron in the complexes under consideration.  相似文献   

19.
Binary metal oxides have been deemed as a promising class of electrode materials for high‐performance lithium ion batteries owing to their higher conductivity and electrochemical activity than corresponding monometal oxides. Here, NiFe2O4 nanoplates consisting of nanosized building blocks have been successfully fabricated by a facile, large‐scale NaCl and KCl molten‐salt route, and the changes in the morphology of NiFe2O4 as a function of the molten‐salt amount have been systemically investigated. The results indicate that the molten‐salt amount mainly influences the diameter and thickness of the NiFe2O4 nanoplates as well as the morphology of the nanosized building blocks. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements have been conducted to evaluate the lithium storage properties of the NiFe2O4 nanoplates prepared with a Ni(NO3)2/Fe(NO3)3/KCl/NaCl molar ratio of 1:2:20:60. A high reversible capacity of 888 mAh g?1 is delivered over 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g?1. Even at a current density of 5000 mA g?1, the discharge capacity could still reach 173 mAh g?1. Such excellent electrochemical performances of the NiFe2O4 nanoplates are contributed to the short Li+ diffusion distance of the nanosized building blocks and the synergetic effect of the Ni2+ and Fe3+ ions.  相似文献   

20.
Summary Thermodynamic properties of a layered perovskite oxide Gd2SrCo2O7 have been studied. Powder X-ray diffraction, electric resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements were carried out. The crystal structure was determined as I4/mmm. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility was fitted to the Curie-Weiss behavior with antiferromagnetic interaction. Spin state of Co3+ ion was derived to be intermediate spin state configuration (t2g5eg1). The spin ordering was observed as a broad anomaly in the heat capacity curve with a peak at 2 K. The measured entropy was 35.47 J K-1mol-1, which was 65% of expected value. Thus the spin ordering should not be completed at the lowest temperature 0.2 K covered in the present experiments and/or some short range ordering remains at higher temperatures.  相似文献   

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