Representation-Tame Algebras Need not be Homologically Tame

We show that even within the class of special biserial algebras, one of the most thoroughly studied classes of representation-tame finite dimensional algebras, the (left) big finitistic dimension may be strictly larger than the little. In fact, we find that the discrepancies Fin dim Λ – fin dim Λ fail to be bounded as Λ traces the special biserial algebras. More precisely: For every positive integer r, we exhibit a special biserial algebra Λ with the property that fin dim Λ = r+1, while Fin dim Λ=2r+1.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">G</Emphasis>-stable support <Emphasis Type="Italic">τ</Emphasis>-tilting modules

Motivated by τ-tilting theory developed by T. Adachi, O. Iyama, I. Reiten, for a finite-dimensional algebra Λ with action by a finite group G; we introduce the notion of G-stable support τ-tilting modules. Then we establish bijections among G-stable support τ-tilting modules over Λ; G-stable two-term silting complexes in the homotopy category of bounded complexes of finitely generated projective Λ-modules, and G-stable functorially finite torsion classes in the category of finitely generated left Λ-modules. In the case when Λ is the endomorphism of a G-stable cluster-tilting object T over a Hom-finite 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category C with a G-action, these are also in bijection with G-stable cluster-tilting objects in C. Moreover, we investigate the relationship between stable support τ-tilitng modules over Λ and the skew group algebra ΛG     

On Semigenerically Tame Algebras Over Perfect Fields

Given a semigenerically tame finite-dimensional algebra Λ over a (possibly finite) perfect field, we give, for each natural number d, parametrizations of the indecomposable Λ-modules with central endolength bounded by d, modulo finite scalar extensions, over polynomial algebras.     

Graph representation of projective resolutions

We generalize the concept — dimension tree and the related results for monomial algebras to a more general case — relations algebras Λ by bringing Gröbner basis into play. More precisely, we will describe the minimal projective resolution of a left Λ-module M as a rooted ‘weighted’ diagraph to be called the minimal resolution graph for M. Algorithms for computing such diagraphs and applications as well will be presented.     

Hochschild (co)homology of Yoneda algebras of reconstruction algebras of type A 1

The reconstruction algebra is a generalization of the preprojective algebra, and plays important roles in algebraic geometry and commutative algebra. We consider the homological property of this class of algebras by calculating the Hochschild homology and Hochschild cohomology. Let Λ _t be the Yoneda algebra of a reconstruction algebra of type A ₁ over a field k. In this paper, a minimal projective bimodule resolution of Λ _t is constructed, and the k-dimensions of all Hochschild homology and cohomology groups of Λ _t are calculated explicitly.     

Koszulity and Koszul modules of dual extension algebras

Let A and B be algebras, and let T be the dual extension algebra of A and B. We provide a different method to prove that T is Koszul if and only if both A and B are Koszul. Furthermore, we prove that an algebra is Koszul if and only if one of its iterated dual extension algebras is Koszul, if and only if all its iterated dual extension algebras are Koszul. Finally, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a dual extension algebra to have the property that all linearly presented modules are Koszul modules, which provides an effective way to construct algebras with such a property.     

Idempotent Ideals and the Igusa-Todorov Functions

Let Λ be an artin algebra and \(\mathfrak {A}\) a two-sided idempotent ideal of Λ, that is, \(\mathfrak {A}\) is the trace of a projective Λ-module P in Λ. We consider the categories of finitely generated modules over the associated rings \({\Lambda }/\mathfrak {A}, {\Lambda }\) and Γ = End_Λ(P) ^{o p} and study the relationship between their homological properties via the Igusa-Todorov functions.     

Hodge Star as Braided Fourier Transform

We study super-braided Hopf algebras Λ primitively generated by finite-dimensional right crossed (or Drinfeld-Radford-Yetter) modules Λ¹ over a Hopf algebra A which are quotients of the augmentation ideal A ⁺ as a crossed module by right multiplication and the adjoint coaction. Here super-bosonisation Open image in new window provides a bicovariant differential graded algebra on A. We introduce Λ _{m a x} providing the maximal prolongation, while the canonical braided-exterior algebra Λ _min = B _?(Λ¹) provides the Woronowicz exterior calculus. In this context we introduce a Hodge star operator ? by super-braided Fourier transform on B _?(Λ¹) and left and right interior products by braided partial derivatives. Our new approach to the Hodge star (a) differs from previous approaches in that it is canonically determined by the differential calculus and (b) differs on key examples, having order 3 in middle degree on k[S ₃] with its 3D calculus and obeying the q-Hecke relation ?² = 1 + (q ? q ^?1)? in middle degree on k _q [S L ₂] with its 4D calculus. Our work also provides a Hodge map on quantum plane calculi and a new starting point for calculi on coquasitriangular Hopf algebras A whereby any subcoalgebra \(\mathcal {L}\subseteq A\) defines a sub-braided Lie algebra and \({\Lambda }^{1}\subseteq \mathcal {L}^{*}\) provides the required data A ⁺ → Λ¹.     

DISTINGUISHED PRE-NICHOLS ALGEBRAS

We formally define and study the distinguished pre-Nichols algebra \( \tilde{B} \)(V) of a braided vector space of diagonal type V with finite-dimensional Nichols algebra B(V). The algebra \( \tilde{B} \)(V) is presented by fewer relations than B(V), so it is intermediate between the tensor algebra T(V) and B(V). Prominent examples of distinguished pre-Nichols algebras are the positive parts of quantized enveloping (super)algebras and their multiparametric versions. We prove that these algebras give rise to new examples of Noetherian pointed Hopf algebras of finite Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. We investigate the kernel (in the sense of Hopf algebras) of the projection from \( \tilde{B} \)(V) to B(V), generalizing results of De Concini and Procesi on quantum groups at roots of unity.     

Properties of the false vacuum as a quantum unstable state

We analyze properties of unstable vacuum states from the standpoint of quantum theory. Some suggestions can be found in the literature that some false (unstable) vacuum states can survive up to times when their survival probability takes a nonexponential form. At asymptotically large times, the survival probability as a function of the time t has an inverse power-law form. We show that in this time region, the energy of false vacuum states tends to the energy of the true vacuum state as 1/t ² as t→∞. This means that the energy density in the unstable vacuum state and hence also the cosmological constant Λ = Λ(t) should have analogous properties. The conclusion is that Λ in a universe with an unstable vacuum should have the form of a sum of the “bare” cosmological constant and a term of the type 1/t ²: Λ(t) ≡ Λ_bare + d/t ² (where Λ_bare is the cosmological constant for a universe with the true vacuum).     

Applications of Normal Forms for Weighted Leavitt Path Algebras: Simple Rings and Domains

Weighted Leavitt path algebras (wLpas) are a generalisation of Leavitt path algebras (with graphs of weight 1) and cover the algebras L _K (n, n + k) constructed by Leavitt. Using Bergman’s diamond lemma, we give normal forms for elements of a weighted Leavitt path algebra. This allows us to produce a basis for a wLpa. Using the normal form we classify the wLpas which are domains, simple and graded simple rings. For a large class of weighted Leavitt path algebras we establish a local valuation and as a consequence we prove that these algebras are prime, semiprimitive and nonsingular but contrary to Leavitt path algebras, they are not graded von Neumann regular.     

An Optimal Algorithm for the <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>-Fixed-Endpoint Path Cover on Proper Interval Graphs

In this paper we consider the k-fixed-endpoint path cover problem on proper interval graphs, which is a generalization of the path cover problem. Given a graph G and a set T of k vertices, a k-fixed-endpoint path cover of G with respect to T is a set of vertex-disjoint simple paths that covers the vertices of G, such that the vertices of T are all endpoints of these paths. The goal is to compute a k-fixed-endpoint path cover of G with minimum cardinality. We propose an optimal algorithm for this problem with runtime O(n), where n is the number of intervals in G. This algorithm is based on the Stair Normal Interval Representation (SNIR) matrix that characterizes proper interval graphs. In this characterization, every maximal clique of the graph is represented by one matrix element; the proposed algorithm uses this structural property, in order to determine directly the paths in an optimal solution.     

Cleft extensions of Koszul twisted Calabi–Yau algebras

Let H be a twisted Calabi–Yau (CY) Hopf algebra and σ a 2-cocycle on H. Let A be an N-Koszul twisted CY algebra such that A is a graded H^σ- module algebra. We show that the cleft extension A#_σH is also a twisted CY algebra. This result has two consequences. Firstly, the smash product of an N-Koszul twisted CY algebra with a twisted CY Hopf algebra is still a twisted CY algebra. Secondly, the cleft objects of a twisted CY Hopf algebra are all twisted CY algebras. As an application of this property, we determine which cleft objects of U(D, λ), a class of pointed Hopf algebras introduced by Andruskiewitsch and Schneider, are Calabi–Yau algebras.     

Shift-invariant subspaces and wavelets on local fields

We show that every closed shift-invariant subspace of L ²(K) is generated by the Λ-translates of a countable number of functions, where K is a local field of positive characteristic and Λ is an appropriate translation set. We use this result to provide a characterization of wavelets on such a field.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>*-Algebras Generated by Mappings. Criterion of Irreducibility

We study the operator algebra associated with a self-mapping ? on a countable set X which can be represented as a directed graph. The algebra is generated by the family of partial isometries acting on the corresponding l²(X). We study the structure of involutive semigroup multiplicatively generated by the family of partial isometries. We formulate the criterion when the algebra is irreducible on the Hilbert space. We consider the concrete examples of operator algebras. In particular, we give the examples of nonisomorphic C*-algebras, which are the extensions by compact operators of the algebra of continuous functions on the unit circle.     

Characterization of 2-Local Derivations and Local Lie Derivations on Some Algebras

We prove that each 2-local derivation from the algebra M_n(A ) (n > 2) into its bimodule M_n(M) is a derivation, where A is a unital Banach algebra and M is a unital A -bimodule such that each Jordan derivation from A into M is an inner derivation, and that each 2-local derivation on a C*-algebra with a faithful traceable representation is a derivation. We also characterize local and 2-local Lie derivations on some algebras such as von Neumann algebras, nest algebras, the Jiang–Su algebra, and UHF algebras.     

Chowla’s cosine problem

A continuous linear map T from a Banach algebra A into another B approximately preserves the zero products if ‖T(a)T(b)‖ ≤ α‖a‖‖b‖ (a,b ∈ A, ab = 0) for some small positive α. This paper is mainly concerned with the question of whether any continuous linear surjective map T: A → B that approximately preserves the zero products is close to a continuous homomorphism from A onto B with respect to the operator norm. We show that this is indeed the case for amenable group algebras.     

Effect Algebras as Presheaves on Finite Boolean Algebras

For an effect algebra A, we examine the category of all morphisms from finite Boolean algebras into A. This category can be described as a category of elements of a presheaf R(A) on the category of finite Boolean algebras. We prove that some properties (being an orthoalgebra, the Riesz decomposition property, being a Boolean algebra) of an effect algebra A can be characterized in terms of some properties of the category of elements of the presheaf R(A). We prove that the tensor product of effect algebras arises as a left Kan extension of the free product of finite Boolean algebras along the inclusion functor. The tensor product of effect algebras can be expressed by means of the Day convolution of presheaves on finite Boolean algebras.     

On Sectional Paths in a Category of Complexes of Fixed Size

We show how to build the Auslander-Reiten quiver of the category C _n (proj Λ) of complexes of size n ≥ 2, for any artin algebra Λ. We also give conditions over the complexes in C _n (proj Λ) under which the composition of irreducible morphisms in sectional paths vanishes.     

Isomorphisms of Nonnoetherian Down-Up Algebras

We solve the isomorphism problem for nonnoetherian down-up algebras A(α, 0, γ) by lifting isomorphisms between some of their noncommutative quotients. The quotients we consider are either quantum polynomial algebras in two variables for γ =?0 or quantum versions of the Weyl algebra A ₁ for nonzero γ. In particular we obtain that no other down-up algebra is isomorphic to the monomial algebra A(0, 0, 0). We prove in the second part of the article that this is the only monomial algebra within the family of down-up algebras. Our method uses homological invariants that determine the shape of the possible quivers and we apply the abelianization functor to complete the proof.