初中生环境素养调查及思考

在初中生环境素养调查的基础上,对当前初中生环境素养状况进行统计和分析,并提出相应的建议和措施:创新环境教育实施模式,提高环境教育实施效率;提供系统培训,加强校际合作;建立家校联系合作,提高家长环境素养;创新评价体系,挂钩升学条件。     

从环境教育视角解析新化学课程标准

本文从环境教育角度对教育部制定的《全日制义务教育化学课程标准 (实验稿)》的前言、课程目标、内容标准和实施建议 4部分做了分析和讨论。     

从环境教育视角解析新化学课程标准

本文从环境教育角度对教育部制定的《全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿)》的前言、课程目标、内容标准和实施建议4部分做了分析和讨论。     

加强实验教学环境内涵建设 提高环境育人质量

在实验室里的实验教学过程涉及到教书育人、管理育人、服务育人和环境育人。一个良好的实验环境不仅能够对学生起到潜移默化的教育作用,而且对教书育人、管理育人和服务育人工作的开展和实施也能起到推动和促进作用。本文主要介绍厦门大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心"以学生为中心",在强化实验教学环境内涵建设、提高实验环境育人质量方面的一些做法和体会,以期更好地为实验教学"思政"提供可复制、可推广的建设方案。     

高等教育出版社化学类专业基础课程教材建设回顾与思考

本文详细回顾了新中国成立以来高等学校化学类专业基础课程教材编写与出版的历史,着重介绍了高等教育出版社所经历的教材建设阶段及具有代表性的建设成果。在此基础上,以高等教育出版社现有的教材为例,综合分析了多种教材出版形式对课堂教学模式的影响和信息技术的发展对传统纸质教材出版的影响与改变。文末,对今后如何有效提升国内同类教材的编写和出版质量,更好地服务于我国高等学校化学类专业的人才培养事业,提出了若干建议。     

化学类专业化学实验教学建议内容

正为了保证化学实验教学水平,提高本科人才培养质量,2006-2010年教育部高等学校化学类专业教学指导分委员会于2011年制订并出版了《高等学校化学类专业指导性专业规范》(以下简称《规范》),规定了化学类专业实验教学基本内容。受教育部委托,2013-2017年教育部高等学校化学类专业教学指导委员会(以下简称教指委)又于2015年完成了《化学类专业教学质量国家标准》(以下简称《标准》)的制订,简要阐述了化学类专业实验教学的基本内容和教学要求。     

浅议中专环保教学

环境教育应将情感基础放在首位,而不是认知第一。人们对大自然的美是以具有环境意识的行为为先导的。本文结合十余年的环境保护教学体验,就环境教育的课堂和非课堂的教学模式进行了研讨。     

高等学校化学类专业物理化学相关教学内容与教学要求建议(2020版)

介绍了"高等学校化学类专业物理化学相关教学内容与教学要求建议(2020版)"的修订情况,对使用该建议的方法进行了说明。基于学生中心、产出导向理念,明确了物理化学教学的总体目标以及各部分知识、能力和素质的具体教学要求。对当前和今后一段时间我国的物理化学教学研究、教学改革、教材编写和教学效果评价等具有一定的指导意义。     

21世纪我国课程改革的重大课题──环境教育

本文对"环境教育"的概念作了研究和界定,系统地探讨了环境教育的理论依据,阐述了我国课程改革和开设环境教育课的概略构想。     

全国分析化学学科人才培养与教学建设发展战略研讨会会议纪要

由国家自然科学基金委员会化学科学部主办,高等学校化学教育研究中心和教育部高等学校化学与化工学科教学指导委员会化学类专业教学指导分委员会协办,厦门大学现代分析科学教育部重点实验室承办的“全国分析化学学科人才培养与教学建设发展战略研讨会”于2008年3月14至17日在     

国内光催化研究进展简述

分1975~1985, 1985~1995和1995~2012三个时期简要介绍了国内光催化研究进展, 主要侧重于光催化材料及其改性、应用和反应机理方面的研究进展, 并指出了当前光催化领域存在的一些重要问题和未来的发展趋势, 涉及到光解水、CO₂还原、环境净化和选择性有机合成等方面.     

青蒿素研究进展

青蒿素是目前治疗疟疾的特效药。本文对自青蒿素发现以来的最新研究进展进行了比较详尽的综述。内容包括: 青蒿素的发现及历史, 青蒿素的来源, 青蒿素的全合成,青蒿素的生物合成, 青蒿素衍生物以及植物组织培养生产青蒿素。     

Interpretation of inorganic arsenic metabolism in humans in the light of observations made in vitro and in vivo in the rat

The toxicity of inorganic trivalent arsenic for living organisms is reduced by in vivo methylation of the element. In man, this biotransformation leads to the synthesis of monomethylarsonic (MMA) and dimethylarsinic (DMA) acids, which are efficiently eliminated in urine along with the unchanged form (As_i). In order to document the methylation process in humans, the kinetics of As_i, MMA and DMA elimination were studied in volunteers given a single dose of one of these three arsenicals or repeated doses of As_i. The arsenic methylation efficiency was also assessed in subjects acutely intoxicated with arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) and in patients with liver diseases. Several observations in humans can be explained by the properties of the enzymic systems involved in the methylation process which we have characterized in vitro and in vivo in rats as follows: (1) production of As_i metabolites is catalyzed by an enzymic system whose activity is highest in liver cytosol; (2) different enzymic activities, using the same methyl group donor (S-adenosylmethionine), lead to the production of mono- and di-methylated derivatives which are excreted in urine as MMA and DMA; (3) dimethylating activity is highly sensitive to inhibition by excess of inorganic arsenic; (4) reduced glutathione concentration in liver moderates the arsenic methylation process through several mechanisms, e.g. stimulation of the first methylation reaction leading to MMA, facilitation of As_i uptake by hepatocytes, stimulation of the biliary excretion of the element, reduction of pentavalent forms before methylation, and protection of a reducing environment in the cells necessary to maintain the activity of the enzymic systems.     

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Electrochemistry is one of the most advanced techniques for monitoring neurochemical activities in the living brain because electrochemical approaches bear the advantageous features of high spatial and temporal resolutions, which facilitate its tremendous potential in investigating the highly spatially heterogeneous brain system and the fast dynamics of neurochemical activities. On the other hand, since brain is the most complicated organ in the sense of its numerous kinds of neurochemical species, high selectivity is always required for any analytical methods that approach the brain. In this review, we will discuss various electrochemical methodologies to achieve selective detection of neurochemicals in mammalian brain and the strategies developed mainly by our group towards selective monitoring of both electrochemically active and inactive neurochemicals. At the end, we will discuss possible solutions towards brain mapping of neurochemical species and combination of neurochemical detection strategy with electrophysiology as the direction of future development of electroanalysis in living brain.     

Use of NAA in marine environment and in archaeology in Greece

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a very sensitive and accurate multielement analytical method that is widely applied to the investigation of environmental and archaeological problems. The first part of this paper is a review of pollution studies of toxic trace elements in sediments, seawater and marine organisms of Saronikos Gulf, Greece by NAA. The second part of this paper is a review of provenance studies based on minor and trace element research in ancient ceramics, obsidian, flint, limestone, marble and lead by Instrumental NAA, performed at the NCSR Demokritos.     

Electrolysis in nanochannels for in situ reagent generation in confined geometries

In situ generation of reactive species within confined geometries, such as nanopores or nanochannels is of significant interest in overcoming mass transport limitations in chemical reactivity. Solvent electrolysis is a simple process that can readily be coupled to nanochannels for the electrochemical generation of reactive species, such as H(2). Here the production of hydrogen-rich liquid volumes within nanofluidic structures, without bubble nucleation or nanochannel occlusion, is explored both experimentally and by modeling. Devices comprised of multiple horizontal nanochannels intersecting planar working and quasi-reference electrodes were constructed and used to study the effects of confinement and reduced working volume on the electrochemical reduction of H(2)O to H(2) and OH(-). H(2) production in the nanochannel-embedded electrode reactor output was monitored by fluorescence emission of fluorescein, which exhibits a pH-dependent emission intensity. Initially, the fluorescein solution was buffered to pH 6.0 prior to stepping the potential cathodic of E(0)' for the generation of OH(-) and H(2). Because the electrochemical products are obtained in a 2:1 stoichiometry, local measurements of pH during and after the cathodic potential steps can be converted into H(2) production rates. Independent experimental estimates of the local H(2) concentration were then obtained from the spatiotemporal fluorescence behavior and current measurements, and these were compared with finite element simulations accounting for electrolysis and subsequent convection and diffusion within the confined geometry. Local dissolved H(2) concentrations were correlated to partial pressures through Henry's Law and values as large as 8.3 atm were obtained at the most negative potential steps. The downstream availability of electrolytically produced H(2) in nanochannels is evaluated in terms of its possible use as a downstream reducing reagent. The results obtained here indicate that H(2) can easily reach saturation concentrations at modest overpotentials.     

乙基香兰素研究前景

报导了近几十年来国内外关于乙基香兰素的研究进展与动态,并简单介绍了本文作者在该方面所取得的研究成果,参考文献33篇。     

Reactions in droplets in microfluidic channels

Fundamental and applied research in chemistry and biology benefits from opportunities provided by droplet-based microfluidic systems. These systems enable the miniaturization of reactions by compartmentalizing reactions in droplets of femoliter to microliter volumes. Compartmentalization in droplets provides rapid mixing of reagents, control of the timing of reactions on timescales from milliseconds to months, control of interfacial properties, and the ability to synthesize and transport solid reagents and products. Droplet-based microfluidics can help to enhance and accelerate chemical and biochemical screening, protein crystallization, enzymatic kinetics, and assays. Moreover, the control provided by droplets in microfluidic devices can lead to new scientific methods and insights.     

Conferences in Chemistry Held in 2022

Russian Chemical Bulletin -