Molecular docking approach on the molecular interactions involving beta-lactoglobulin (βLG)-4-Dicyanomethylene2,6-Dimethyl-4-Hpyran (DDP) dye in the presence of an antibiotic,norfloxacin

Molecular docking (MD) techniques were employed in the determination of binding stability of Beta-lactoglobulin (βLG) with 4-Dicyanomethylene2,6-Dimethyl-4-Hpyran (DDP) dye in the presence of quinolone-based antibiotic, norfloxacin (NOR). βLG acts as the host and drug/dye is employed as the guest molecule. The energetics and molecular interaction parameters of βLG-DDP were found to be stable than βLG-NOR. DDP resides in three distinguishably different binding sites of βLG, however the binding energies does not differ considerably. Interestingly, the energetics of βLG-NOR conformers differs significantly and reveals the existence of two distinguishable conformers. NOR acts as a hydrogen-bonding (HB) acceptor and the amino acid (AA) residues of βLG as the donor. The extent of HB interactions predominates over hydrophobic interactions in βLG-NOR than βLG-DDP complex. MD studies authenticates no direct binding of dye-drug inside the domains of βLG, when docked simultaneously. On the contrary, docking of dye to βLG-NOR complex enhances the binding stability. Several molecular interactions govern the stability of the complex and play a major role on the binding affinity of the host-guest complex in the presence of two competitive ligands. MD techniques authenticate that DDP/NOR is bound to several AA residues through conventional and non-conventional HB interactions accompanied with hydrophobic, pi-pi, pi-alkyl and van der Waals forces of interactions. Further, MD methods is employed as an efficient tool and a non-evasive technique in establishing the stability of 1:1complex of drug/dye with βLG in the present study.     

Studies on the interaction of colloidal gold and serum albumins by spectral methods

The interactions of colloidal gold and serum albumins, including bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA), were studied by fluorescence and absorption spectrometry. Fluorescence quenching spectrometry was applied to study the interactions between colloidal gold and serum albumins. At pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the intensity of fluorescence emission spectrum of serum albumins decreased in the presence of colloidal gold, which indicated that colloidal gold quenched the fluorescence of serum albumins. Experimental results indicated that the combination reactions of colloidal gold and serum albumins were static quenching processes. Based on the effect of colloidal gold on fluorescence intensity, the binding constants, the numbers of binding sites and the acting forces between colloidal gold and serum albumins were found.     

Fluorescence resonance energy-transfer affects the determination of the affinity between ligand and proteins obtained by fluorescence quenching method

The interaction between esculin and serum albumins was investigated to illustrate that the fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) affects the determination of the binding constants obtained by fluorescence quenching method. The binding constants (K_a) obtained by the double-logarithm curve for esculin–BSA and esculin–HSA were 1.02 × 10⁷ and 2.07 × 10⁴ L/mol, respectively. These results from synchronous fluorescence showed that the Tyr and Trp residues of HSA were affected more deeply than those in BSA. The excitation profile of esculin showed that in the presence of BSA and HSA, the S₀ → S₁ transition of esculin () appears, which is similar to the of BSA and HSA. The critical distance (R₀) between BSA and esculin is higher than that of HSA, which showed that the affinity of esculin and HSA should be higher than that of BSA. After centrifugation, the concentrations of esculin bound to albumins were determined by means of the fluorescence of esculin. It was found that much more esculin was bound to HSA than to BSA. However, the bound models for BSA and HSA are almost the same. The concentration of esculin bound to serum albumin at first decreased with the addition of esculin and then increased. From above results, it can be concluded that the affinity of esculin and HSA should be higher than that of esculin and BSA. This example showed that in the presence of FRET, the binding constants between ligands and proteins based on fluorescence quenching might be deviated.     

荧光法研究酚藏花红与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱研究了牛血清白蛋白与酚藏花红的结合反应特征。在不同的pH条件下,酚藏花红与蛋白质的反应导致了蛋白质荧光猝灭及酚藏花红的荧光增强,其荧光猝灭值与酚藏花红的浓度成正比,可用于酚藏花红的分析测定;而酚藏花红荧光增强值与蛋白质浓度成正比,又可用于蛋白质的分析测定。用Stern-Volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数函数处理实验数据,得到10℃和20℃时动态猝灭常数和静态猝灭结合常数、反应的热力学参数和结合位点数。根据F彲ster能量转移原理计算出20℃时酚藏花红与牛血清白蛋白的结合距离为r=2.22 nm。     

Syntheses and structures of three chiral complexes derived from nucleophilic addition of L-proline to di-2-pyridyl ketone

In the presence of nickel acetate, a chiral ligand, (S)-Hdphp ((S)-N-[di(2-pyridyl)-hydroxy-methyl]-proline), was synthesized in situ by nucleophilic addition of L-proline to di-2-pyridyl ketone. Based on this ligand, three chiral mononuclear complexes, {Ni[(S)-dphp](DMF)(H₂O)}(ClO₄) (1), {Ni[(S)-dphp](H₂O)₂}(ClO₄)(H₂O)_1.5 (2), and {Ni[(S)-dphp](SCN)(H₂O)} (3), have been obtained and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and infrared spectra. By virtue of charge-assisted O–H?···?O hydrogen-bonding interactions, all the complexes possess double chain structures. The double chains were connected into 2-D networks via π?···?π stacking and CH?···?π interactions in 1. For 2, O–H?···?O hydrogen-bonding interactions between free water molecules and other oxygens as well as π?···?π stacking and CH?···?π interactions extend the chains into a 3-D network. Complex 3 exhibits 3-D structure via O–H?···?S interactions.     

Lifetimes and Quenching of the Ā 2A′(υ3′ = 0 – 2) → X̄ 2A″ Fluorescence of HSO

Fluorescence lifetimes of vibrational levels of the first electronically excited state (ā ² A′) of HSO, determined by the technique of discharge flow and laser-induced fluorescence, are 81 ± 10, 74 ± 8, and 76 ± 14 μs for υ₃′ = 0, 1 and 2, respectively. The rate coefficients of quenching of each level by He, N₂, O₂ and O₃ were measured; the coefficients for HSO (ā, υ₃′ = 0 – 2) quenched by O₃ arc 35–50 times as great as those of HSO by He.     

Selective Monitoring of Stern-Volmer Quenching of Chiral Molecules Via Fluorescence Detected Circular Dichroism

Abstract

The use of fluorescence detected circular dichroism (FDCD) for monitoring the quenching of chiral molecules is described. This technique combines the specificity for chiral centers of circular dichroism (CD), the sensitivity and selectivity of the fluorescence measurement with the additional chemical information provided by fluorescence quenching. Spectra are acquired using a multidimensional FDCD spectrometer which obtains a FDCD matrix of spectral data as a function of multiple excitation wavelengths (CD information) and multiple fluorescence emission wavelengths. This combination of FDCD and fluorescence quenching produces a very selective monitor for chiral fluorophores.     

Comparation of Activity against Aβ Aggregation between RR and LPFFD

Here, we introduce the design of the structure of RR(RYYAAFFARR), an inhibitor of Aβ aggregation, using molecular docking, and compare the inhibitory ability between RR and LPFFD, which interacts with Aβ mainly depending on hydrophobic interaction. Our results showed that RR which can target multiple regions of Aβ with multiple weak interactions is better than those that only target a single region with the single driving force mainly.     

A completely selective and strongly accelerated Diels-Alder reaction mediated by hydrogen bonding

A Diels-Alder cycloaddition between a furan and a maleimide is presented in which the presence of complementary hydrogen bonding sites dramatically accelerate the reaction and, additionally, ensure that only one of two possible diastereoisomers is formed.     

利用标记药物布洛芬及保泰松研究萘啶酸与血清白蛋白的结合作用

血清白蛋白与萘啶酸的结合，可以猝灭萘啶酸－铽螯合体系的特征荧光，保泰松（Ｐｈｅｎｙｌｂｕｔａｚｏｎｅ）及布洛芬（Ｉｂｕｐｒｏｆｅｎ）等药物在白蛋白的特定结合位置与其具有较强的结合作用，因此，可用作白蛋白分子结合位置的标记物。本文以保泰松或布洛芬作标记物，探讨了牛血清白蛋白及人血清白蛋白对萘啶酸－铽螯合体系特征荧光的不同影响方式，并根据蛋白结合位上药物的置换作用确定了萘啶酸在牛血清白蛋白分子上的结合位置。     

Physico-chemical phenomena of double-layer spray and effect on enhancement and stabilization of fluorescence

Summary It was surprisingly found in TLC that double spraying of plates could enhance fluorescence of dansyl derivatives 200–360 fold after spraying with 20% triethanolamine in propane-2-of followed by 30% paraffin oil in hexane on a developed plate containing dansyl chloride derivatives. Visual detection limits as low as 1–6 pmole per spot even a month after spraying with a reproducibility of about 5–6% rsd were obtained. Spraying calibration graphs showed a dose-dependency of at least 1 pmole up to 1.5 nmole per spot. The stability of fluorescence of derivatives to light was increased and spectra of compounds acquired a hypochromic shift in which the color changed from yellow to blue. The graphical method employing the “organic concept” is introduced to explain this kind of synergistic effect of double spraying using different solvents.     

防腐剂苯甲酸与人血清白蛋白相互作用

为研究食品防腐剂苯甲酸在人体内的转运和降解机制,在人体血液的生理条件下运用荧光光谱法和分子对接、分子动力学模拟和丙氨酸突变扫描等方法研究了苯甲酸与人血清白蛋白(Human Serum Albumin,HSA)相互作用机理。 结果表明:苯甲酸和HSA的结合为静态猝灭过程,不同条件下结合常数K_A均大于1.0×10⁴ L/mol,结合位点数约为1,结合位点为Site II;根据Van't Hoff方程和分子动力学模拟发现两者结合主要促进作用力是静电作用力,抑制力是极性溶剂化能,且是自由能降低的自发反应;分子对接结果显示复合物中苯甲酸与ARG186形成1个氢键,丙氨酸突变扫描计算显示ASP108、GLN425和GLV459是结合的关键氨基酸。     

FTIR and fluorescence studies on the ground and excited state hydrogen-bonding interactions between 1-methylindole and water in water–triethylamine mixtures

The ground and excited state π-hydrogen-bonding interactions between 1-methylindole, MI, and water have been investigated in water–triethylamine, water–TEA, mixtures. FTIR measurements performed on the OH stretching bands of the water–TEA clusters show that, upon MI addition, the typical bands of the water–TEA system at 3348 cm⁻¹, 3440 cm⁻¹, 3545 cm⁻¹ and 3682 cm⁻¹ diminish, whereas two new absorption bands at 3316 cm⁻¹ and 3654 cm⁻¹ grow up. These spectral changes have been rationalised assuming the formation of only one 1:1 water–MI complex, in which the dangling protons in the water–TEA clusters are hydrogen bonded to the π-cloud of the MI aromatic ring. Steady state and time resolved fluorescence measurements provide additional proofs on the ground state formation of a fluorescent OH ? π hydrogen bonded complex. The relevance that the present and the previously reported results could have on the indole ring photophysics is discussed.     

胶束介质对2，3－氨基吩嗪光谱性质的影响及其荧光增敏机理研究

本文研究了胶束介质对邻苯二胺的酶催化氧化产物２，３－二氨基吩嗪的光谱性质的影响，发现胶束介质对其吸收光谱影响很小，非离子表面活性剂对其荧光具有强烈的增敏作用，荧光量子效率可提高近十倍。进一步研究表明，非离子表面活性剂对２，３－二氨基吩嗪的增敏原因在于其增溶作用及给电子效应。     

Graphene oxide as a nanocarrier for loading and delivery of medicinal drugs and as a biosensor for detection of serum albumin

The interaction of graphene oxide (GO), a medicinal drug (10-hydroxy camptothecin (HCPT)), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated with the aim of developing a method for the analysis of serum albumin proteins. It was demonstrated that HCPT could be readily loaded onto GO via the π–π stacking interaction, and the delivery of HCPT to BSA was improved in the presence of GO; this, in turn, facilitated the binding interaction of HCPT and BSA. Chemometrics methods, multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), were applied to resolve spectral data, and this assisted in the elucidation of the above interaction. GO was found to enhance the fluorescence response of HCPT to BSA, and thus, a low cost fluorescence bio-sensing platform was developed for fluorescence-enhanced detection of BSA based on GO. The satisfactory analytical performance of this biosensor for BSA was attributed to the structure and electronic properties of GO.     

L-酪氨酸衍生物的合成及其与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

以L-酪氨酸为原料,分别与邻甲氧基肉桂酸和间甲氧基肉桂酸进行了酰胺化反应,合成了两种L-酪氨酸衍生物(E)-3-(4'-羟基苯基)-2-[3″-(2-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺基]丙酸(I)和(E)-3-(4'-羟基苯基)-2-[3″-(3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺基]丙酸(II),运用ESI-MS、1H NMR、13C NMR对其结构进行表征确认。通过荧光光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱结合Auto Dock分子对接方法,研究了化合物I和II对人血清白蛋白(HSA)的作用机制。结果表明,I和II对HSA的猝灭机制为静态猝灭,过程中伴随着非辐射能量转移。化合物I和II主要通过疏水作用与HSA的结合,结合过程是自发的。Auto Dock分子对接结果表明化合物I和II与HSA之间主要是疏水作用力,结合位点位于亚结构域IIA形成的疏水腔中,即site I。分子对接结果与光谱实验结果基本一致。     

Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Approaches for Investigation of Interaction of Phellopterin with Human Serum Albumin

The mechanism of interaction between human serum albumin (HSA) and natural product phellopterin (PL) from Angelica dahurica was investigated by spectroscopic techniques with molecular docking under simulated physiological conditions. The experimental results showed that the fluorescence of HSA was regularly quenched by PL, and the quenching constants (K_SV) decreased with increasing temperature, which indicated that the quenching mechanism was a static quenching procedure. The binding constants (K_A) were larger than 10^?5 M^?1 and the number of binding sites (n) was approximate to 1 at different temperatures, which indicated that the binding affinity was hige and there was just one main binding site in HSA for PL. According to thermodynamic parameters from Van't Hoff equation, the binding process of PL with HSA was spontaneous and exothermic process due to ΔG < 0, and the electrostatic force played major role in the binding between PL and HSA according to ΔH < 0 and ΔS > 0. The binding distance (r) was calculated to be about 3.35 nm, which implied that the energy transfer from HSA to PL occurred with high possibility according to the theory of Förster's non-radiation energy transfer. The microenvironment and conformation of HSA changed with the addition of PL based on the results of synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence methods. The molecular docking analysis revealed the binding locus of PL to HSA in subdomain IIIA (Sudlow's site II).