多巴胺第三受体蛋白三维结构及其活性位点氨基酸残基

基于牛视紫红质模板蛋白,同源模建多巴胺第三受体（D₃R）蛋白三维结构,在1-棕榈酰-2-油酰-卵磷脂（POPC）膜-水模型环境,开展300 ns分子动力学模拟提炼优化其结构,取得稳定的D₃R蛋白三维结构（2B08-D₃R）.在该蛋白基础上,采用MP2/6-31G（d,p）方法,计算多巴胺（Dop）与氨基酸残基相互作用的结合能,确定五个残基（Asp117、Ser208、His272、Phe269和Thr276）为活性位点.五个活性位点残基分别位于D₃R蛋白跨膜螺旋区TM3、TM5和TM6,组成活性空腔结构.多巴胺分子以其苯基平面与TM2-TM7包围的圆柱体空腔平行和非共价键结合方式保留在D₃R蛋白中,与D₃R蛋白结合能E_b为-97.8 kJ·mol^-1基于3PBL D₃R突变体晶体结构,构建了另外一个含有多巴胺分子的D₃R蛋白结构（Dop-3PBL-D₃R）,确定在该蛋白结构中,多巴胺的活性位点氨基酸是Asp83、His272、Phe269、Phe268和Trp265.在该蛋白结构中,多巴胺分子同样以其苯基平面与TM2-TM7包围的圆柱体空腔平行和非共价键方式结合,与该蛋白相互作用的结合能是-80.5 kJ·mol^-1.     

μ阿片受体的三维结构预测及活性位点分析

通过对比多个与μ阿片受体同属G蛋白偶联受体的视紫质蛋白序列,选择以同源性最高的牛视紫质蛋白(PDB编号:1F88)为模板,采用同源模建的方法,基于Composer程序,构建了μ阿片受体的三维结构模型,并预测了其二级结构.模型的可靠性经Ramachandran图和ProTable验证,用Site ID确定了μ阿片受体的活性位点,得到了与文献报道相吻合的结果,并预测了新的可能的关键性氨基酸,为合理设计μ阿片受体的激动剂和拮抗剂提供重要依据,进一步指导药物分子设计.     

Furcatin 水解酶的三维结构模建和与furcatin 的对接研究

利用同源模建和动力学模拟方法，模建了furcatin水解酶（FH）的三维结构．并在这基础上，分析了活性位点的组成和结构．研究了furcatin与FH的对接．结果表明，Ser84，Arg146，Thr189，Thr234和Gly372在复合物的形成过程中起重要的作用．其中，Ser84，Argl46和Thr189是在FH的活性口袋的二糖部分的亚单位一1中重要的氨基酸，Thr234和Gly372是亚单位-2中重要的氨基酸．     

鼠源雌激素硫酸转移酶的结构模型研究

利用同源模建和分子动力学模拟方法搭建了鼠源雌激素硫酸转移酶的三维结构,并用Profile-3D和Prostat评估了模型的可靠性.鼠源雌激素硫酸转移酶的三维结构的提出对硫酸转移酶家族催化机理的深入研究提供了重要的参考信息.     

细胞色素P450 2f1(CYP2f1)的三维结构模建和与维甲酸的对接研究

利用同源模建和分子动力学模拟方法，模建了细胞色素P450 2f1(CYP2f1)的三维结构．在此基础上，分析了活性位点的组成和结构，并进行了与小分子(维甲酸)的对接研究．研究结果表明，His328，Ser397和Arg417对复合物的结合起重要作用．     

细胞色素p450 2s1(CYP2s1)三维结构模建及其与维甲酸分子的对接研究

利用同源模建和分子动力学模拟,模建了细胞色素P450(CYP2s1)的三维结构．在模建结构的基础上,分析了活性位点的组成和结构,并进行了与小分子(维甲酸)的分子对接研究．研究结果表明,在由维甲酸和CYP2s1形成的复合物中,非键相互作用较强,其中,GLu411和Ala414是与维甲酸相互作用能最强的两个残基,对复合物的结合起重要作用．     

猪伪狂犬病毒胸苷激酶的三维结构模建与配体设计

以伪狂犬病毒(PRV)Fa为材料, 克隆测序胸苷激酶(TK)基因, 采用同源模建方法构建胸苷激酶的三维结构模型, 并经Ramachandran图和Profile_3D图验证了模型的可靠性. 采用InsightⅡ/Binding site, Delphi和Affinity方法定位了胸苷激酶的活性位点Site 1, 在此基础上设计出胸苷激酶抑制小分子N-苯基-N'-甲基脲, 通过柔性分子对接法阐明了胸苷激酶抑制剂与靶酶活性位点的相互作用模式, 发现模式中特异性的氢键相互作用可能是对靶酶产生抑制活性的重要分子基础. 研究结果为合理设计PRV胸苷激酶抑制剂, 探索新的治疗及预防伪狂犬病方案奠定了基础.     

G-蛋白偶联受体GPR120分子模建研究

新的长链脂肪酸受体G-蛋白偶联受体120 (G-protein-coupled receptor120, GPR120)是2型糖尿病的潜在治疗靶标. 由于其晶体结构迄今尚未获得, 成为基于结构的新药设计的瓶颈. 首先, 以人体β2肾上腺能素受体(human β2 adrenergic receptor, β2AR)晶体结构为模板, 通过同源模建方法构建GPR120三维结构, 对整个体系进行包膜的分子动力学模拟. 然后采用分子对接技术模建了GPR120的小分子激动剂GW9508与GPR120的相互作用模型, 发现了受体分子识别的关键性残基, 为开展定点突变实验提供了指导意义. 所建模型为研究受体与配体作用提供了合理的初始结构, 此方法也适用于其他G蛋白偶联受体的分子模建.     

SARS病毒蛋白水解酶的三维结构模建及可能的小肽抑制剂研究

SARS病毒作为一种正链病毒 (Positive stranded RNA virus) ,其传播复制起重要作用的是其内部的 E蛋白、S蛋白、M蛋白、N蛋白、RNA聚合蛋白和蛋白水解酶 (Proteinase)等 6种蛋白质 .其中蛋白水解酶与 SARS病毒的复制密切相关 ,是抗 SARS病毒药物筛选的理想靶点 ,而它的三级结构则是研究病毒机理和进行药物设计的基础 .我们采用生物信息学的方法 ,利用 NCBI和 EBI提供在线蛋白质序列相似搜索工具 Blast和 FASTA3 ,找到同源性为 43 .791 %的 1 L VO(PDB编号 ) [1] ,并在 SiliconGranphics工作站上利用 Insight 的 Homology…     

麋鹿朊蛋白结构稳定性的分子动力学研究

朊蛋白病是一种致命且具有高度传染性的神经退行性疾病.糜鹿是目前已经报道的哺乳类动物中较易发生朊蛋白病的物种之一.作者使用分子动力学和操控式分子动力学模拟相结合的方法对糜鹿正常朊蛋白的结构稳定性进行了研究.发现了麋鹿朊蛋白结构中的不稳定结构域分布以及热动力学性质,揭示了糜鹿朊蛋白稳定性的分子结构基础以及力学特征.     

Theoretical study on the electronic structure nature of single and double walled carbon nanotubes and its role on the electron transport

Density functional theory and molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were used to evaluate electronic structure properties in a series of nanotubes with smallest possible diameters (both types: armchair and zigzag), and the corresponding chiral nanotubes (8,m) for 0 ≤ m ≤ 8. The calculations were performed considering a length of 16.5 Å. We evaluated a set of 26 combinations of dual nanotubes (armchair/armchair, zigzag/zigzag, armchair/zigzag, and zigzag/armchair), where the first label corresponds to the outer tube. We extended our study with nine additional systems of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) with semiconductor nature. In this regard, we gave insight into the semiconductive or metallic nature inherited to the dual tubes. DWCNT systems were possible to construct by maintaining a radial distance of 3.392 Å for the armchair/armchair arrangement and 3.526 Å for the zigzag/zigzag type. It was considered as a reference, the interplanar distance of graphite (3.350 Å). Electronic transport calculations were also performed on selected DWCNT systems in order to understand the role played by the different symmetries under study. It was evidenced that the electronic structure nature of the systems rules the ability to transport electrons through the DWCNT interface.     

Dynamic structures of phosphodiesterase-5 active site by combined molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations

Various quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) geometry optimizations starting from an x-ray crystal structure and from the snapshot structures of constrained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to characterize two dynamically stable active site structures of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) in solution. The only difference between the two PDE5 structures exists in the catalytic, second bridging ligand (BL2) which is HO- or H2O. It has been shown that, whereas BL2 (i.e. HO-) in the PDE5(BL2 = HO-) structure can really bridge the two positively charged metal ions (Zn2+ and Mg2+), BL2 (i.e. H2O) in the PDE5(BL2 = H2O) structure can only coordinate Mg2+. It has been demonstrated that the results of the QM/MM geometry optimizations are remarkably affected by the solvent water molecules, the dynamics of the protein environment, and the electronic embedding charges of the MM region in the QM part of the QMM/MM calculation. The PDE5(BL2 = H2O) geometries optimized by using the QM/MM method in different ways show strong couplings between these important factors. It is interesting to note that the PDE5(BL2 = HO-) and PDE5(BL2 = H2O) geometries determined by the QM/MM calculations neglecting these three factors are all consistent with the corresponding geometries determined by the QM/MM calculations that account for all of these three factors. These results suggest the overall effects of these three important factors on the optimized geometries can roughly cancel out. However, the QM/MM calculations that only account for some of these factors could lead to considerably different geometries. These results might be useful also in guiding future QM/MM geometry optimizations on other enzymes.     

Theoretical study of the prion protein based on the fragment molecular orbital method

We performed fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations to examine the molecular interactions between the prion protein (PrP) and GN8, which is a potential curative agent for prion diseases. This study has the following novel aspects: we introduced the counterpoise method into the FMO scheme to eliminate the basis set superposition error and examined the influence of geometrical fluctuation on the interaction energies, thereby enabling rigorous analysis of the molecular interaction between PrP and GN8. This analysis could provide information on key amino acid residues of PrP as well as key units of GN8 involved in the molecular interaction between the two molecules. The present FMO calculations were performed using an original program developed in our laboratory, called “Parallelized ab initio calculation system based on FMO (PAICS)”. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009     

非对称二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶-2的理论研究

利用同源模建的方法,构建了DDAH-2的三位结构.并与L-瓜氨酸、L-高半胱氨酸分别进行对接研究.其中,Asp77,Gly269,Glu27和Arg96是与L-瓜氨酸相互作用较强的残基,Asp77,His171,Asp125和Ala270是与-L高半胱氨酸相互作用较强的残基.尤其Asp77是在两种复合物中同时起重要作用的氨基酸,并且它与抑制剂之间都形成了氢键.     

Calcium overload is essential for the acceleration of staurosporine-induced cell death following neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells

Differentiation of neuronal cells has been shown to accelerate stress-induced cell death, but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we find that early and sustained increase in cytosolic ([Ca²⁺]_c) and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels ([Ca²⁺]_m) is essential for the increased sensitivity to staurosporine-induced cell death following neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. Consistently, pretreatment of differentiated PC12 cells with the intracellular Ca²⁺-chelator EGTA-AM diminished staurosporine-induced PARP cleavage and cell death. Furthermore, Ca²⁺ overload and enhanced vulnerability to staurosporine in differentiated cells were prevented by Bcl-X_L overexpression. Our data reveal a new regulatory role for differentiation-dependent alteration of Ca²⁺ signaling in cell death in response to staurosporine.     

Theoretical investigations on the interactions of glucokinase regulatory protein with fructose phosphates

Glucokinase (GK) plays a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the human liver and pancreas. In the liver, the activity of GK is modulated by the glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP) which functions as a competitive inhibitor of glucose to bind to GK. Moreover, the inhibitory intensity of GKRP–GK is suppressed by fructose 1-phosphate (F1P), and reinforced by fructose 6-phosphate (F6P). Here, we employed a series of computational techniques to explore the interactions of fructose phosphates with GKRP. Calculation results reveal that F1P and F6P can bind to the same active site of GKRP with different binding modes, and electrostatic interaction provides a major driving force for the ligand binding. The presence of fructose phosphate severely influences the motions of protein and the conformational space, and the structural change of sugar phosphate influences its interactions with GKRP, leading to a large conformational rearrangement of loop2 in the SIS2 domain. In particular, the binding of F6P to GKRP facilitates the protruding loop2 contacting with GK to form the stable GK–GKRP complex. The conserved residues 179–184 of GKRP play a major role in the binding of phosphate group and maintaining the stability of GKRP. These results may provide deep insight into the regulatory mechanism of GKRP to the activity of GK.