共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
K.C. Chung C.S. Wang A.J. Santiago J.W. Zhang 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2001,11(2):137-141
The σ-ω coupling is introduced phenomenologically in the linear σ-ω model to study the nuclear matter properties. It is shown
that not only the effective nucleon mass M* but also the effective σ meson mass m
σ
* and the effective ω meson mass m
ω
* are nucleon-density-dependent. When the model parameters are fitted to the nuclear saturation point, with the nuclear radius
constant r
0 = 1.14 fm and volume energy a
1 = 16.0 MeV, as well as to the effective nucleon mass M
* = 0.85M, the model yields m
σ
* = 1.09m
σ and m
ω
* = 0.90m
ω at the saturation point, and the nuclear incompressibility K
0 = 501 MeV. The lowest value of K0 given by this model by adjusting the model parameters is around 227 MeV.
Received: 23 March 2001 / Accepted: 8 June 2001 相似文献
2.
K.C. Chung C.S. Wang A.J. Santiago J.W. Zhang 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2000,9(4):453-461
Nuclear matter properties are calculated in the relativistic mean-field theory by using a number of different parameter sets.
The result shows that the volume energy a1 and the symmetry energy J are around the acceptable values 16MeV and 30MeV, respectively; the incompressibility K0 is unacceptably high in the linear model, but assumes reasonable value if nonlinear terms are included; the density symmetry
L is around 100MeV for most parameter sets, and the symmetry incompressibility K
s has positive sign which is opposite to expectations based on the nonrelativistic model. In almost all parameter sets there
exists a critical point (,), where the minimum and the maximum of the equation of state are coincident and the incompressibility equals zero, falling
into ranges 0.014fm^-3 < < 0.039fm^-3 and 0.74 < ≤0.95; for a few parameter sets there is no critical point and the pure neutron matter is predicted to be bound. The maximum
mass M
NS of neutron stars is predicted in the range 2.45M
?M
NS? 3.26M
, the corresponding neutron star radius R
NS is in the range 12.2km ?R
NS? 15.1km.
Received: 5 May 2000 / Accepted: 28 November 2000 相似文献
3.
We extend a recent chiral approach to nuclear matter of Lutz et al.Phys. Lett. B 474, 7 (2000)) by calculating the underlying (complex-valued) single-particle potential U(p, k
f) + iW(p, k
f). The potential for a nucleon at the bottom of the Fermi sea, U(0, k
f0) = - 20.0 MeV, comes out as much too weakly attractive in this approach. Even more seriously, the total single-particle energy
does not rise monotonically with the nucleon momentum p, implying a negative effective nucleon mass at the Fermi surface. Also, the imaginary single-particle potential, W(0, k
f0) = 51.1 MeV, is too large. More realistic single-particle properties together with a good nuclear-matter equation of state
can be obtained if the short-range contributions of non-pionic origin are treated in mean-field approximation (i.e. if they are not further iterated with 1π-exchange). We also consider the equation of state of pure neutron matter ˉEn(k
n) and the asymmetry energy A(k
f) in that approach. The downward bending of these quantities above nuclear-matter saturation density seems to be a generic
feature of perturbative chiral pion-nucleon dynamics.
Received: 19 December 2002 / Accepted: 11 February 2003 / Published online: 15 April 2003 相似文献
4.
K.C. Chung C.S. Wang A.J. Santiago J.W. Zhang 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2001,12(2):161-167
The parameters of the σ-ω-ρ model in the relativistic mean-field theory with nonlinear σ-meson self-interaction are determined
by nuclear-matter properties, which are taken as those extracted by fits to data based on nonrelativistic nuclear models.
The values of the relevant parameters are C
σ
2∼ 94, C
ω
2∼ 32, C
ρ
2∼ 26, b∼ - 0.09, c∼ 1, and the σ-meson mass m
σ∼ 370 MeV, while the value of the calculated nuclear- surface thickness is t∼ 1.4 fm. The field system is shown to be stable, since the σ-meson self-interaction energy is a lower bound in this whole
parameter region with positive c. On the other hand, the effective nucleon mass M* is larger than 0.73M, if the symmetry incompressibility Ks is assumed to be negative and the nuclear-matter incompressibility K0 is kept less than 300 MeV.
Received: 27 June 2001 / Accepted: 5 October 2001 相似文献
5.
E.G. Drukarev M.G. Ryskin V.A. Sadovnikova 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1999,4(2):171-186
We calculate the contribution of pions to the $\bar qq$-expectation value κ(ρ) =<M|ˉq
q|M> in symmetric nuclear matter. We employ exact pion propagator renormalized by nucleon-hole and isobar-hole excitations. Conventional
straightforward calculation leads to the “pion condensation” at unrealistically small values of densities, causing even earlier
restoration of chiral symmetry. This requires a self-consistent approach, consisting in using the models, which include direct
dependence of in-medium mass values on κ(ρ), e.g. the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio–model. We show, that in the self-consistent approach
the ρ-dependence of the condensate is described by a smooth curve. The “pion condensate” point is removed to much higher values
of density. The chiral restoration does not take place at least while ρ < 2.8ρ0 with ρ0 being the saturation value. Validity of our approach is limited by possible accumulation of heavier baryons (delta isobars)
in the ground state of nuclear matter. For the value of effective nucleon mass at the saturation density we found m
*(ρ0) = 0.6m, consistent with nowadays results of other authors.
Received: 8 October 1998 相似文献
6.
We present a calculation of the neutrino-nucleon scattering cross-section which takes into account the nuclear correlations
in the relativistic random phase approximation (RPA). Our approach is based on a quantum-hadrodynamics model with exchange
of σ, ω, π, ρ and δ mesons. In view of applications to neutrino transport in the final stages of supernova explosion and proto-neutron
star cooling, we study the evolution of the neutrino mean free path as a function of density, proton-neutron asymmetry and
temperature. Special attention was paid to the issues of renormalization of the Dirac sea, residual interactions in the tensor
channel, coupling to the delta-meson and meson mixing. In contrast with the results of other authors, we find that the neutral-current
process is not sensitive to the strength g' of the residual contact interaction. As a consequence, it is found that RPA corrections with respect to the mean-field approximation
amount to only 10% to 15% at high density.
Received: 27 June 2001 / Accepted: 14 January 2002 相似文献
7.
G. Krein R.S. Marques de Carvalho D.P. Menezes M. Nielsen M.B. Pinto 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1998,1(1):45-53
The optimized δ-expansion is a nonperturbative approach for field theoretic models which combines the techniques of perturbation
theory and the variational principle. This technique is discussed in the λφ4 model and then implemented in the Walecka model for the equation of state of nuclear matter. The results obtained with the
δ expansion are compared with those obtained with the traditional mean field, relativistic Hartree and Hartree-Fock approximations.
Received: 17 March 1997 / Revised version: 27 August 1997 相似文献
8.
W. Broniowski W. Florkowski B. Hiller 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2000,7(2):287-291
We calculate the width for the ω→ππ decay in nuclear matter in a hadronic model including mesons, nucleons and Δ isobars.
We find a substantial width of the longitudinally polarized ω modes, reaching ∼100 MeV for mesons moving suitably fast with
respect to the nuclear medium.
Received: 7 June 1999 / Revised version: 14 October 1999 相似文献
9.
T. Takatsuka S. Nishizaki Y. Yamamoto 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2002,13(1-2):213-215
Neutron star models with hyperon-mixed core are studied by a realistic approach to use the YN and the YY interactions consistent
with hypernuclear data. From the compatibility of the theoretical maximum mass with the observed neutron star mass 1.44 M
⊙ of PSR1913+16, the necessity of some extra repulsion in hypernuclear systems, e.g., a repulsion from three-body force, is stressed. It is noted that the increase of baryon degrees of freedom to avoid the
short-range repulsion effectively is an essential mechanism causing the Y-mixed phase.
Received: 1 May 2001 / Accepted: 4 December 2001 相似文献
10.
K.C. Chung C.S. Wang A.J. Santiago J.W. Zhang 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2001,10(1):27-39
Nuclear matter equations of state based on Skyrme, Myers-Swiatecki and Tondeur interactions are written as polynomials of
the cubic root of density, with coefficients that are functions of the relative neutron excess δ. In the extrapolation toward
states far away from the standard one, it is shown that the asymmetry dependence of the critical point ( ,) depends on the model used. However, when the equations of state are fitted to the same standard state, the value of is almost the same in Skyrme and in Myers-Swiatecki interactions, while is much lower in Tondeur interaction. Furthermore,
does not depend sensitively on the choice of the parameter γ in Skyrme interaction.
Received: 5 May 2000 / Accepted: 16 January 2001 相似文献
11.
J. Becker H.G. Andresen J.R.M. Annand K. Aulenbacher K. Beuchel J. Blume–Werry Th. Dombo P. Drescher M. Ebert D. Eyl A. Frey P. Grabmayr T. Großmann P. Hartmann T. Hehl W. Heil C. Herberg J. Hoffmann J.D. Kellie F. Klein K. Livingston M. Leduc M. Meyerhoff H. Möller Ch. Nachtigall A. Natter M. Ostrick E.W. Otten R.O. Owens S. Plützer E. Reichert D. Rohe M. Schäfer H. Schmieden R. Sprengard M. Steigerwald K.-H. Steffens R. Surkau Th. Walcher R. Watson E. Wilms 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1999,6(3):329-344
The electric form factor of the neutron GEn has been determined in double polarized exclusive 3
He(e,e'n) scattering in quasi–elastic kinematics by measuring asymmetries A
⊥, A
∥ of the cross section with respect to helicity reversal of the electron, with the nuclear spin being oriented perpendicular
to the momentum transfer q in case of A⊥ and parallel in case of A∥. The experiment was performed at the 855 MeV c. w. microtron MAMI at Mainz. The degree of polarization of the electron beam
and of the gaseous 3
He target were each about 50%. Scattered electrons and neutrons were detected in coincidence by detector arrays covering large
solid angles. Quasi–elastic scattering events were reconstructed from the measured electron scattering angles ϑe, φe and the neutron momentum vector p
n
′ in the plane wave impulse approximation. We obtain the result <G
En>(0.27 < Q2c2/GeV2 < 0.5)= 0.0334 ± 0.0033stat± 0.0028syst which is averaged over the indicated range of Q
2, the squared momentum transfer. This G
En value is significantly smaller than measured from the D(e,e'n) reaction under similar kinematical conditions. To what extent final state interactions in 3He quench the G
En result is subject of calculations currently in progress elsewhere.
Received: 29 April 1999 相似文献
12.
Scales in nuclear matter: Chiral dynamics with pion nucleon form factors<Superscript>⋆</Superscript>
N. Kaiser M. Mühlbauer W. Weise 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(1):53-60
A systematic calculation of nuclear matter is performed which includes the long-range correlations between nucleons arising
from one- and two-pion exchange. Three-body effects from 2π exchange with excitations of virtual Δ(1232)-isobars are also
taken into account in our diagrammatic calculation of the energy per particle ˉ(k
f). In order to eliminate possible high-momentum components from the interactions we introduce at each pion-baryon vertex a
form factor of monopole type. The empirical nuclear matter saturation point, ρ0 ≃ 0.16fm^-3, ˉ0 ≃ - 16MeV, is well reproduced with a monopole mass of Λ ≃ 4πf
π ≃ 1.16GeV. As in the recent approach based on the universal low-momentum NN potential V
low-k, the inclusion of three-body effects is crucial in order to achieve saturation of nuclear matter. We demonstrate that the
dependence of the pion exchange contributions to ˉ(k
f) on the “resolution” scale Λ can be compensated over a wide range of Λ by counterterms with two “running” contact couplings.
As a further application we study the in-medium chiral condensate 〈ˉq〉(ρ) beyond the linear density approximation. For ρ ⩽ 1.5ρ0 we find small corrections from the derivative dˉ(k
f)/dm
π, which are stable against variations of the monopole regulator mass Λ. 相似文献
14.
J. F. Gu H. Guo X. G. Li Y. X. Liu F. R. Xu 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2006,30(2):455-460
Deconfinement phase transition and condensation of Goldstone bosons in neutron star matter are investigated in a chiral hadronic
model (also referred as to the FST model) for the hadronic phase (HP) and in the color-flavor-locked (CFL) quark model for
the deconfined quark phase. It is shown that the hadronic-CFL mixed phase (MP) exists in the center of neutron stars with
a small bag constant, while the CFL quark matter cannot appear in neutron stars when a large bag constant is taken. Color
superconductivity softens the equation of state (EOS) and decreases the maximum mass of neutron stars compared with the unpaired
quark matter. The K0 condensation in the CFL phase has no remarkable contribution to the EOS and properties of neutron star matter. The EOS and
the properties of neutron star matter are sensitive to the bag constant B, the strange quark mass ms and the color superconducting gap Δ. Increasing B and ms or decreasing Δ can stiffen the EOS which results in the larger maximum masses of neutron stars. 相似文献
15.
M. Bender T. Cornelius G.A. Lalazissis J.A. Maruhn W. Nazarewicz P.-G. Reinhard 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2002,14(1):23-28
Recent mass measurements show a substantial weakening of the binding-energy difference δ2p(Z, N) = E(Z - 2, N) - 2E(Z, N) + E(Z + 2, N) in the neutron-deficient Pb isotopes. As δ2p is often attributed to the size of the proton magic gap, it might be speculated that reduction in δ2p is related to a weakening of the spherical Z = 82 shell. We demonstrate that the observed trend is described quantitatively by self-consistent mean-field models in terms
of deformed ground states of Hg and Po isotopes.
Received: 25 October 2001 / Accepted: 28 February 2002 相似文献
16.
Y.C. Shin M.K. Cheoun K.S. Kim T.K. Choi 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2002,14(1):87-93
A role of the axial-vector mesons, such as K1 and a1, on the emitted-photon spectrum in hot hadronic matter is studied through the channels πρ→a
1→πγ and Kρ→K
1→Kγ. Both channels could be dominant over the region lower than E
γ∼ 0.5 GeV, while the role of the K1 meson is diminished in the higher E
γ region. This study is carried out with an SU
L(3) ⊗SU
R(3) effective chiral Lagrangian which includes vector and axial-vector mesons systematically and explains well their hadronic
and radiative decays simultaneously.
Received: 8 August 2001 / Accepted: 4 February 2002 相似文献
17.
S. Kamerdzhiev J. Speth G. Tertychny 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2000,7(4):483-490
Recent experimental studies of the giant electric resonance region in 58Ni and 40Ca with inelastically scattered α-particles of energy Eα= 240 MeV are analyzed within a microscopic nuclear structure model.
The model includes the continuum RPA and more complex 1p1h⊗phonon configurations. By superimposing the contributions of different
multipoles up to L = 4 we obtain good agreement with the newest (reanalyzed) data for the isoscalar monopole strength and
for the total (α,α′) cross section in 58Ni. Agreement with experiment for the isoscalar monopole resonance in 40Ca is obtained too. We emphasize the necessity of using microscopic transition densities and discuss consequences for the
analyses of such experiments in light and medium mass nuclei. It is shown that the gross structure of the isoscalar monopole
resonance in 40Ca is caused by the 1p1h⊗phonon configurations.
Received: 23 December 1999 / Revised version: 28 February 2000 相似文献
18.
V.Yu. Grishina L.A. Kondratyuk E.L. Bratkovskaya M. Büscher W. Cassing 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2000,9(2):277-285
We investigate the reactions πN↦a
0
N and pp↦da
0
+ near threshold and at medium energies. An effective Lagragian approach and the Regge pole model are applied to analyze different
contributions to the cross-section of the reaction πN↦a
0
N. These results are used to calculate the differential and total cross-sections of the reaction pp↦da
0
+ within the framework of the two-step model in which two nucleons produce an a0-meson via π-meson exchange and fuse to a deuteron. The necessity of new measurements on a0 production and branching fractions (of its decay to the K
and πη channels) is emphasized for clarifying the a0 structure. Detailed predictions for the reaction pp→da
0
+ are presented for the energy regime of the proton synchrotron COSY-Jülich.
Received: 4 August 2000 / Accepted: 17 September 2000 相似文献
19.
N.V. Shevchenko V.B. Belyaev S.A. Rakityansky S.A. Sofianos W. Sandhas 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2000,9(1):143-146
Elastic ηd-scattering is considered within the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) formalism for various ηN input data. A three-body resonant state is found close to the ηd threshold. This resonance is sustained for different choices of the two-body ηN-scattering length a
ηN. The position of the resonance moves towards the ηd threshold when Rea
ηN is increased, and turns into a quasi-bound state at Rea
ηN∼ 0.7-0.8 fm depending on the choice of Ima
ηN.
Received: 12 June 2000 / Accepted: 3 August 2000 相似文献
20.
Yu.N. Lobach A.D. Efimov A.A. Pasternak 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1999,6(2):131-140
Lifetimes of excited states in 110Cd have been measured by the Doppler shift attenuation method in the reaction (α,2nγ) at E
α= 25 MeV. Lifetime values for 8 states and lifetime limits for 3 states were obtained. The band structures of 110Cd have been interpreted in terms of a modified version of the interacting boson model (IBM + 2 q.p.). The calculations explain
well the excitation energies and electromagnetic transition probabilities up to J
π= 16+, except for the 10+
1 state. The structural features are discussed in terms of collective and two quasiparticle excitations.
Received: 20 March 1999 / Revised version: 28 May 1999 相似文献