首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
以四氯化钛为钛源,针铁矿(α-FeOOH)为载体,采用水解沉淀法制备了金红石相二氧化钛(Ti2O)与α-FeOOH的复合光催化材料,并采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线能量散射谱和X射线光电子能谱对样品进行了表征.结果表明,低温下,金红石相Ti2O包覆于α-FeOOH表面,并形成复合结构;较高温下,铁离子进入金红石相Ti2O晶格,并形成铁掺杂金红石相Ti2O纳米管;中温下,样品兼有复合和掺杂两者特征.在室温下以甲基橙为降解对象,采用钨灯+氘灯(波长200~800nm)为光源,对样品的光催化活性进行了测试.结果表明,样品对甲基橙的光催化降解效果良好;与纯α-FeOOH和金红石相Ti2O相比,不同结构样品的光催化活性均有所提高,其中,复合兼掺杂型样品的光催化活性最高.由此可见,与α-FeOOH复合和铁掺杂是提高Ti2O光催化活性的有效途径.  相似文献   

2.
金红石相二氧化钛纳米晶的光催化活性   总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14  
张青红  高濂  郑珊 《化学学报》2001,59(11):1908-1913
以苯酚光催化氧化和铬酸根光催化还原反庆为模型反应,研究不同粒径的金红石相二氧化钛纳米晶的光催化性活性。用XRD,TEM和BET等表明超细金红石相二氧化钛的粒径为7~8nm,UV-vis谱表明其吸收带边界蓝移11nm。在上述反应中,具有量子尺寸效应的金红石相二氧化钛(7nm)均表现出很高的催化活性,催化活性随粒径增大而迅速下降。7.2nm金红石相二氧化钛的光催化活性与6.8nm的锐钛矿相二氧化钛相当。  相似文献   

3.
三种不同晶型二氧化钛的制备及光催化性能研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
分别以Ti(SO4)2和TiCl4为原料,通过水热pH值的控制,批量制备了片状的锐钛矿(AT)、棒状的金红石(RT)和菱形的板钛矿型(BT)TiO2.其中,AT具有最小的晶粒尺寸(约10nm),其次为RT(30—50nm),而BT具有最大的晶粒尺寸(50—70nm).固体漫反射显示出AT、BT和RT对光响应的阀值分别为375nm、385nm和415nm.其中,AT在紫外区显示出最强的光吸收能力.以阴离子活性染料X3B为目标分子的光催化降解实验结果显示,3种催化剂的光活性次序为AT>RT>BT,这与它们对X3B的吸附能力一致.文章对这产生TiO2光活性差异的原因进行了讨论.  相似文献   

4.
陈伟  李旦振  何顺辉  邵宇  黄艳  付贤智 《催化学报》2010,26(8):1037-1043
 采用过饱和沉淀法合成 n(Mg)/n(Al) = 2 的 Mg-Al 类水滑石化合物 (Mg-Al-HT), 再用水热法将它与钛胶复合, 制得 Mg-Al-HT/TiO2 异质复合光催化剂. 采用 X 射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜、低温 N2 吸附-脱附、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和热重等技术对催化剂结构、成分和性质进行了表征. 结果表明, 在波长 365 nm 的紫外光照射降解苯的反应中, Mg-Al-HT/TiO2 异质复合光催化剂表现出优于单一的 TiO2 或 Mg-Al-HT 催化剂的光催化活性, 且稳定性更高; 同时讨论了该复合催化剂性能优异的原因. 另外, 运用电子顺磁共振技术检测到体系中存在羟基自由基等活性物种, 并据此提出了 Mg-Al-HT/TiO2 异质复合纳米晶催化剂光催化降解苯的反应机理.  相似文献   

5.
刘兵  宫辉力  刘锐  胡长文 《应用化学》2019,36(8):939-948
利用溶胶凝胶法制备了金纳米棒(GNR)与TiO2的核壳结构复合材料--GNR@TiO2,粒径为200 nm左右。 经水热晶化后的材料粒径为300 nm左右,GNR形貌和局域表面等离子共振(LSPR)峰保持稳定,其外边包裹着树枝状的锐钛矿相TiO2壳层。 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、紫外可见吸收光谱、光催化制氢性能等技术手段测试表征了样品的结构及性能。 结果表明,晶化后的GNR@TiO2在可见光范围内制氢速率为31.0 μmol/(g·h),相较与晶化前7.3 μmol/(g·h)得到了明显提升。 最后结合实验结果和时域有限差分(FDTD)分析了催化产氢机理:LSPR促进了可见光吸收,锐钛矿TiO2对电场的增强促进了光生电子-空穴分离,同时晶化后的TiO2壳层疏松多介孔,增加了活性位点,有利于传质。  相似文献   

6.
SnCl4对纳米二氧化钛晶相结构的低温转变控制研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用二种方法制备了低温下晶相结构可控制转变的纳米二氧化钛。一种方法是采用乙醇作溶剂的溶胶-凝胶法,通过控制SnCl4的添加量,便可在450℃热处理下实现纳米TiO2从纯锐钛矿到不同比例的复合相直至纯金红石相的转变。另一种方法是采用钛酸丁酯为原料直接低温水解,通过加入不同量的SnCl4,制备了具有晶态结构的二氧化钛复合溶胶,在120℃下干燥处理便可实现TiO2从锐钛矿到不同比例的复合相(金红石型、锐钛矿型和板钛矿型)直至纯金红石相的转变,制备所需晶态结构的纳米TiO2。所有样品进行了透射电镜与XRD表征,制备的纳米TiO2及其TiO2-SnO2纳米复合材料颗粒小、分布均匀、分散性好,没有检测到SnO2晶体的X-衍射特征峰。  相似文献   

7.
在H2O2-HF 的乙醇-水混合溶液中, 通过水热处理碳氮化钛(TiCN)制备了碳、氮共掺杂TiO2 空心球(CNTH). 用X 射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱表征了所制备的样品. 在可见光(λ≥400 nm)照射下, 通过降解甲基蓝检测了碳、氮共掺杂TiO2空心球的光催化活性. 结果表明, 源于TiCN中的部分碳和氮原子原位掺入了TiO2的晶格中, 部分碳掺入TiO2点阵的间隙中. 该材料在整个可见光区展示了增强的可见光吸收, 其带边明显红移. 光催化研究表明在强可见光吸收和独特的空心球结构的协同作用下, 碳、氮共掺杂TiO2空心球展示了比P25更高的可见光光催化活性.  相似文献   

8.
以板式纳米碳纤维为载体,采用酸性氧化法对载体进行预处理之后,使用钛酸异丙酯为钛源,高温水热法制备了二氧化钛/纳米碳纤维复合光催化剂,并考察了其对甲基橙的光催化去除能力及循环反应性能.复合材料中二氧化钛含量通过改变前驱体组成进行调节.材料的结构性能通过氮气吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析仪(TG-DSC)等测试技术进行了表征.结果表明,锐钛矿型的二氧化钛以纳米颗粒形式均匀分散在纳米碳纤维表面,从而形成了高度分散的二氧化钛/碳纤维纳米复合材料.另外,复合系统中中孔吸附作用的存在,与纳米二氧化钛的光催化产生协同作用,增强了复合材料在紫外光照射下对于水溶液中甲基橙的去除能力.在光照射下反应120 min时,不同担载量样品对甲基橙的去除率最高可达80.1%,不同煅烧温度样品最高可达79.2%.此外,光催化剂有着良好重复利用性能,3次循环反应后对甲基橙去除率仍可保持80.0%.  相似文献   

9.
以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,乙醇为溶剂,月桂酸和十二胺为共同稳定剂,采用溶剂热法制备了不同形状的锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米晶。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱和热失重-差热分析(TG-DTA)等技术对纳米晶的结构、尺寸、形貌及形状进行了系统的表征,并探讨了月桂酸与十二胺不同配比时纳米晶的形状演化规律。结果表明:用溶剂热法在不同配比情况下获得的二氧化钛均为锐钛矿相;在月桂酸与十二胺总摩尔量不变的情况下,随着十二胺含量的增加,二氧化钛纳米晶的形状由球形逐渐演化为棒状,且结晶化程度在两者摩尔比为1:1时最好;月桂酸与十二胺稳定剂与纳米晶内核之间以桥接配位体的形式结合,且稳定剂在样品中的含量约为5%。  相似文献   

10.
为了改善纳米二氧化钛的光催化活性,通过水热法制备了氮钨共掺杂二氧化钛纳米棒。通过扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外可见光吸收光谱 (UV-VIS)等对产物进行了相关表征。结果显示:与未掺杂的二氧化钛相比,氮钨共掺杂的二氧化钛纳米棒在可见光区域显示出了较强的光催化活性。因为氮钨阳离子的掺入拓宽了可见光的吸收区域。  相似文献   

11.
This article describes the preparation of mesoporous rod-like F-N-codoped TiO2 powder photocatalysts with anatase phase via a sol-gel route at the temperature of 373 K, using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant. The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS). The results showed that the photocatalysts possessed a homogeneous pore diameter and a high surface area of 106.3-160.7 m3 g−1. The increasing CTAB reactive concentration extended the visible-light absorption up to 600 nm. The F-N-codoped TiO2 powders exhibited significant higher adsorption capacity for methyl orange (MO) than that of Degussa P25 and showed more than 6 times higher visible-light-induced catalytic degradation for MO than that of P25.  相似文献   

12.
A one-step low-temperature hydrothermal route was developed for the synthesis of S-doped TiO2 photocatalysts from TiS2 and HCl. Crystalline TiO2 was formed and sulfur could be efficiently doped into the anatase lattice under hydrothermal conditions. When the initial TiS2 concentration is increased, the content of S-dopant and optical absorption in the visible region also increase. The photocatalytic activity of the S-doped TiO2 was evaluated through the degradation of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation. Our results show that the S-doped TiO2 prepared by this hydrothermal approach possesses much higher photocatalytic activity than that obtained by the traditional high-temperature thermal annealing method.  相似文献   

13.
Ag2S‐graphene/TiO2 composites were synthesized by a facile sonochemical method.The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry.During the synthesis reaction,the reduction of graphene oxide and loading of Ag2S and TiO2 particles were achieved.The Ag2S‐graphene/TiO2 composites possessed a large adsorption capacity for dyes,an extended light absorption range,and efficient charge separation properties.Hence,in the photodegradation of rhodamine B,a significant enhancement in the reaction rate was observed with the Ag2S‐graphene/TiO2 composites as compared to pure TiO2.The generation of reactive oxygen species was detected by the oxidation of 1,5‐diphenyl carbazide to 1,5‐diphenyl carbazone.The high activity was attributed to the synergetic effects of high charge mobility and the red shift in the absorption edge of the Ag2S‐graphene/TiO2 composites.  相似文献   

14.
于新娈  王岩  孟祥江  杨建军 《催化学报》2013,34(7):1418-1428
在空气气氛和N2中热处理表面均匀分散有尿素和氯化钯的纳米管钛酸,制备了两个系列Pd/N共掺杂的TiO2光催化剂,并对所得样品进行了X射线衍射、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、荧光光谱和电子自旋共振等表征.结果表明,焙烧气氛对样品的形貌、晶体结构、光谱吸收、生成的氧空位浓度和可见光光催化性能的影响很大,其中在空气气氛中制备的样品光催化性能优于在N2中制备的样品.在可见光(λ≥420nm)照射下,以丙烯为模型污染物考察了样品的光催化活性,发现在空气中400℃下焙烧的样品具有最佳的可见光催化活性.另外,讨论了Pd/N共掺杂TiO2光催化剂具有可见光响应的机理,认为掺杂的Pd/N元素和制备过程中生成的氧空位是影响可见光催化性能的重要因素.  相似文献   

15.
Nitrogen and cerium codoped TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by a modified sol-gel process with doping precursors of cerium nitrate and urea, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible light diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS). Results indicate that anatase TiO2 is the dominant crystalline type in as-prepared samples, and CeO2 crystallites appear as the doping ratio of Ce/Ti reaches to 3.0 at%. The TiO2 starts to transform from amorphous phase to anatase at 987.1 K during calcination, according to the TG-DSC curves. The XPS show that three major metal ions of Ce3+, Ce4+, Ti4+ and one minor metal ion of Ti3+ coexist on the surface. The codoped TiO2 exhibits significant absorption within the range of 400-500 nm compared to the non-doped and only nitrogen-doped TiO2. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the codoped TiO2 is demonstrated through degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation.  相似文献   

16.
The TiO2-doped ZnO microtubes have been successfully fabricated via a wet chemicalmethod, using zinc chloride and titanium sulphate as the starting materials. The as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electronmicroscopy and room temperature photoluminescence measurement. The photocatalytic ac-tivity in degrading methyl orange was measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The pure ZnO microtubes exhibit an exact hexangular hollow structure with a diameter of about 700 nm, a length of 3 μm and a wall thickness of about 40 nm. The TiO2-doped ZnO microtubes with TiO2/ZnO ratio less than 5% have the same dimension with the pure ZnO microtubes, a smooth column shape, not a hexangular structure. The growth of ZnO may be inhibited by the more Ti4+ doped into ZnO structure to achieve a small dimension or a multiphase. The crystallinity of ZnO microtubes decreases with increasing TiO2 content, and then a multiphase containing ZnO, Ti3O5 and TiO occur when the TiO2/ZnO ratio is more than 5%. The UV emission intensity of the TiO2-doped ZnO obviously increases and then tends to decrease with TiO2/ZnO ratio increasing. The photocatalytic properties of the TiO2-doped ZnO microtubes are very effcient in degrading organic dyes of methyl orange and are well identical with its PL properties and the crystallinity.  相似文献   

17.
In order to improve the catalytic activity of Fenton catalyst, a composite catalyst, Fe/TiO2, with both visible-light photocatalytic and Fenton-like catalytic activities was synthesized via a brief solvothermal process. The XRD and SEM results indicated that Fe was dispersed homogeneously on the surface of TiO2 in the form of Fe2O3, and the loading of Fe did not have significant effects on the particle size and morphology of TiO2. The EDS results showed that the loading content of Fe was about 1.4 wt%. The photocatalytic results showed that the prepared Fe/TiO2 composite catalyst had excellent catalytic behaviors for terbuthylazine degradation under visible-irradiation with H2O2 assistance, the degradation ratio reached up to 90% after 120 min. The reinforced degradation performance were primarily attributable to the introduction of carrier TiO2, which expanded visible response range by H2O2 adsorption, and accelerated the cycle of Fe (Ⅱ)/Fe (Ⅲ). The fluorescent spectroscopy results revealed that the degradation process of terbuthylazine involved the generation and participation of active species such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals. This study is expected to provide a visual approach for designing a novel photo-Fenton catalyst to jointly utilize both photocatalytic and Fenton activities, which can be better applied to the actual use of organics purification in wastewater.  相似文献   

18.
CuS-graphene oxide/TiO2 composites were prepared using a sol-gel method to improve the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst. The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activities were examined by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation. The photodegradation of MB under visible-light irradiation reached 90.1% after 120 min. The kinetics of MB degradation was plotted alongside the values calculated from the Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation. The CuS-graphene oxide/TiO2 sample prepared using 0.2 mol of TiO2 showed the best photocatalytic activity. This was attributed to a cooperative reaction as a result of increased photoabsorption by graphene oxide and an increased photocatalytic effect by CuS.  相似文献   

19.
采用水热法,以纳米管钛酸为前驱物制备了Bi掺杂的TiO2,并利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对样品进行了表征. 以甲基橙的光催化降解为模型反应评价了样品的可见光催化性能. 结果表明,Bi离子并没有进入TiO2的晶格中,而是以BiOCl的形式存在. 所制得的BiOCl/TiO2复合物对甲基橙降解表现出较优越的可见光催化活性;当Bi/Ti摩尔比为1%,水热温度为130℃时,所制催化剂的光催化性能最佳,并对光催化活性提高的机理进行了讨论. 同时,该催化剂对4-氯苯酚降解也表现出较高的光催化性能.  相似文献   

20.
已有文献报道,在二氧化钛的体相和表面分别掺杂和吸附氟离子,都能加快水中有机化合物的光催化降解.前者归结于表面形成的三价钛离子促进光生载流子分离,后者归结于双电层中的氟离子促进羟基自由基脱附.但是,有关它们之间的活性差异未见有文献报道.本文采用水热法,以钛酸丁酯和氟化铵为原料,合成出具有不同氟离子掺杂量的光催化剂.通过苯酚降解反应,研究氟化钠和硝酸银外部加入对这些催化剂光催化性能的影响.结果表明:无论是处于二氧化钛的体相,还是处于二氧化钛的双电层外层和内层,这些氟离子都能促进苯酚的光催化降解.但是,它们的相对活性依次降低.此外,在催化剂的水悬浮液中,同时加入硝酸银和氟化钠,能进一步加快苯酚的光催化降解,且该反应的速率远远大于单独加入氟化钠或硝酸银时的速率总和.这说明将导带电子的还原过程和价带空穴的氧化过程耦合起来,是提高二氧化钛光催化量子效率的有效途径.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号