Dynamics of a cis-dihydrogen/hydride complex of iridium

Insertion of CS2 into one of the Ir-H bonds of [Ir(H)5(PCy3)2] takes place to afford the dihydrido dithioformate complex cis-[Ir(H)2(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2] accompanied by the elimination of H2. Protonation of the dithioformate complex using HBF4.Et2O gives cis-[Ir(H)(eta2-H2)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][BF4] wherein the H atom undergoes site exchange between the dihydrogen and the hydride ligands. The dynamics was found to be so extremely rapid with respect to the NMR time scale that the barrier to exchange could not be measured. Partial deuteration of the hydride ligands resulted in a J(H,D) of 6.5 and 7.7 Hz for the H2D and the HD2 isotopomers of cis-[Ir(H)(eta2-H2)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][BF4], respectively. The H-H distance (d(HH)) for this complex has been calculated to be 1.05 A, which can be categorized under the class of elongated dihydrogen complexes. The cis-[Ir(H)(eta2-H2)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][BF4] complex undergoes substitution of the bound H2 moiety with CH(3)CN and CO resulting in new hydride derivatives, cis-[Ir(H)(L)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][BF4] (L = CH3CN, CO). Reaction of cis-[Ir(H)2(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2] with electrophilic reagents such as MeOTf and Me3SiOTf afforded a new hydride aquo complex cis-[Ir(H)(H2O)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][OTf] via the elimination of CH4 and Me3SiH, respectively, followed by the binding of a water molecule (present in trace quantities in the solvent) to the iridium center. The X-ray crystal structures of cis-[Ir(H)2(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2] and cis-[Ir(H)(H2O)(eta2-S2CH)(PCy3)2][OTf] have been determined.     

Thermodynamics of oxygen activation by macrocyclic complexes of rhodium

The oxidation of ABTS2- [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] with a superoxorhodium(III) complex, L2(H2O)RhOO2+ (L2 = meso-hexamethylcyclam) is characterized by an acid-dependent equilibrium constant, log(Ke/[H+]) = 4.91 +/- 0.10 in the pH range of 4.89-6.49. This equilibrium constant was used to calculate the reduction potential for the L2(H2O)RhOO2+/L2(H2O)RhOOH2+ couple, E0 = 0.97 V vs NHE. The pH dependence of the kinetics of the L2(H2O)RhOOH2+/I- reaction yielded the acid dissociation constant for the coordinated water in L2(H2O)RhOOH2+, pKa = 6.9. Spectrophotometric pH titrations provided pKa = 6.6 for the superoxo complex, L2(H2O)RhOO2+. The combination of the two pKa values with the reduction potential measured in acidic solutions yielded the reduction potential E0 = 0.95 V for the L2(HO)RhOO+/L2(HO)RhOOH+ couple. Thermochemical calculations yielded the bond-dissociation free energy of the L2(H2O)RhOO-H2+ bond as 315 kJ/mol at 298 K.     

Stabilization of NH tautomers of quinolines by osmium and ruthenium

Complexes OsH2Cl2(PiPr3)2 and RuH2Cl2(PiPr3)2 promote the tautomerization of quinoline and 8-methylquinoline to NH tautomers, which lie about 44 kcal.mol-1 above the usual CH tautomers. The NH tautomers are stabilized by coordination to the metal center and by means of a Cl...HN interaction. As a consequence, the six-coordinate elongated dihydrogen complexes OsCl2{kappa-C2-(HNC9H5R)}(eta2-H2)(PiPr3)2, the five-coordinate derivatives RuCl2{kappa-C2-(HNC9H5R)}(PiPr3)2, and the six-coordinate dihydrogen compounds RuCl2{kappa-C2-(HNC9H5R)}(eta2-H2)(PiPr3)2 (R = H, Me) have been isolated and characterized.     

Synthesis of deuterium-labeled derivatives of dimethylallyl diphosphate

Short practical syntheses for five deuterium-labeled derivatives of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) useful for enzymological studies are reported. These include the preparation of the C1-labeled derivatives (R)-[1-2H]3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate ((R)-[1-2H]1-OPP) and (S)-[1-2H]3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate ((S)-[1-2H]1-OPP), the C2-labeled derivative [2-2H]3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate ([2-2H]1-OPP), and the methyl-labeled derivatives (E)-[4,4,4-2H3]3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate ((E)-[4,4,4-2H3]1-OPP) and (Z)-[4,4,4-2H3]3-methyl-but-2-enyl diphosphate ((Z)-[4,4,4-2H3]1-OPP).     

Synthetic and structural studies of donor-functionalized alkoxy derivatives of gallium

The synthesis of a range of alkyl/chloro-gallium alkoxide and amido/alkoxide compounds was achieved via a series of protonolysis and alcoholysis steps. The initial reaction involved the synthesis of [Me(Cl)Ga{N(SiMe(3))(2)}](2) (1) via methyl group transfer from the reaction of GaCl(3) with two equivalents of LiN(SiMe(3))(2). Reaction of 1 with varying amounts of ROH resulted in the formation of [Me(Cl)Ga(OR)](2) (2, R = CH(2)CH(2)OMe; 3, CH(CH(3))CH(2)NMe(2)), [Me(Cl)Ga{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(μ(2)-OR)Ga(Cl)Me] (4, R = CH(2)CH(2)NMe(2)), or [MeGa(OR)(2)] (5, R = CH(CH(3))CH(2)NMe(2)). Compound 4 represents an intermediate in the formation of dimeric complexes, of the type [Me(Cl)Ga(OR)](2), when formed from compound [Me(Cl)Ga{N(SiMe(3))(2)}](2). A methylgallium amido/alkoxide complex [MeGa{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(OCH(2)CH(2)OMe)](2) (6) was isolated when 2 was further reacted with LiN(SiMe(3))(2). In addition, reaction of 2 with HO(t)Bu resulted in a simple alcohol/alkoxide exchange and formation of [Me(Cl)Ga(O(t)Bu)](2) (7). In contrast to the formation of 1, the in situ reaction of GaCl(3) with one equivalent of LiN(SiMe(3))(2) yielded [Cl(2)Ga{N(SiMe(3))(2)}](2) in low yield, where no methyl group transfer has occurred. Reaction of alcohol with [Cl(2)Ga{N(SiMe(3))(2)}](2) was then found to yield [Cl(2)Ga(OR)](2) (8, R = CH(2)CH(2)NMe(2)), and further reaction of 8 with LiN(SiMe(3))(2) yielded the gallium amido alkoxide complex, [ClGa{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(OR)](2) (9, R = CH(2)CH(2)NMe(2)), similar to 6. The structures of compounds 4, 5, 7, and 8 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.     

甲胺分子多光子电离质谱研究

胜多光子电离飞行时间质谱法，利用可调谐脉冲激光器，测得了甲胺分子在不同激光波长和激光功率下的多光子电离和解离产物。母体离子ＣＨ３ＮＨ＾＋２的离解速常数随激光发波长的增大而减小。     

固体超强酸对合成辛基多苷的催化作用

SO2 -4 /ZrO2 固体超强酸用作合成辛基多苷 (OctylPolyglycosides)的催化剂 ,具有活性高、选择性好、易与产品分离、无污染、可重复利用等优点。文中主要讨论SO2 -4 /ZrO2 ,SO2 -4 /ZrO2 MoO3、SO2 -4 /ZrO2 Fe2 O3、以及SO2 -4 /ZrO2 SiO2 固体超强酸在合成辛基多苷反应中的不同催化活性。实验证明 :同一制备条件下的不同催化剂其活性不同 ,且SO2 -4 /ZrO2 的活性、选择性最好 ,可使葡萄糖的转化率高达 96%。     

Existence of three forms of H2M2 isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was purified from rat and bovine tissues by affinity chromatography on immobilized colchicine and used for the separation of isoenzymes by high-performance anion-exchange liquid chromatography (HPLC). This analysis showed the splitting of rat H2M2 into three peaks and of bovine H2M2 into two peaks. The heat stability, inactivation rate of urea and electrophoretic mobility of isoenzymes were examined and these analyses indicated differences in physicochemical properties for the respective peaks of rat and bovine H2M2. In hybridization experiments, the splitting of H2M2 into three peaks was achieved only with the combination of rat H4 and rat M4, while the other combinations of bovine H4 and bovine M4, of rat H4 and bovine M4 and of bovine H4 and rat M4 resulted in two H2M2 peaks. These results demonstrate that H2M2 of LDH in normal rat and bovine tissues is always split into two or three peaks by HPLC and that these H2M2 peaks have different physicochemical properties, suggesting the existence of three possible geometrical isomers of H2M2.     

Derivatives of unsaturated phosphonic acids

Summary The following compounds were synthesized by the reaction of secondary aliphatic amines with 2-alkoxyl-and 2 phenoxy vinylphosphonic dichlorides: the bisdimethylamides of 2-ethoxy-, 2-isopropoxy-, 2-butoxy, and 2 phonoxy vinylphosphonic acids; teh bisdiethylamides of 2-ethoxy-, 2-isopropoxy-, 2-butoxy-, and 2-phenoxyvinylphosphonic acids; the bisdibutylamides of 2-ethoxy-, 2-propoxy-, 2-isopentyloxy-, and 2-phenoxyl-vinyl-phosphonic acids; and the dipiperidides of 2-ethoxy-, 2-butoxy-, and 2-phenoxyl-vinylphosphonic acids.     

过饱和硼酸盐水溶液的Raman光谱

制备了MgO·2B₂O₃-H₂O,Na₂O·5B₂O₃-H₂O和MgO·3B₂O₃-H₂O的过饱和水溶液.采用激光喇曼光谱研究了这些过饱和水溶液,并对光谱频率进行了归属.讨论了过饱和水溶液中硼氧配阴离子的存在形式和相互作用机理.     

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of a series of mixed-ligand diruthenium compounds

The electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of a novel series of mixed-ligand diruthenium compounds were examined. The investigated compounds having the formula Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(x)(Fap)(4-x)Cl where x = 1-3 and Fap is 2-(2-fluoroanilino)pyridinate anion were made from the reaction of Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(4)Cl with 2-(2-fluoroanilino)pyridine (HFap) in refluxing methanol. The previously characterized Ru(2)(Fap)(4)Cl as well as the three newly isolated compounds represented as Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(Fap)(3)Cl (1), Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(2)(Fap)(2)Cl (2), and Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(3)(Fap)Cl (3) possess three unpaired electrons with a Ru(2)(5+) dimetal core. Complexes 1 and 2 have well-defined Ru(2)(5+/4+) and Ru(2)(5+/6+) redox couples in CH(2)Cl(2), but 3 exhibits a more complicated electrochemical behavior due to equilibria involving association or dissociation of the anionic chloride axial ligand on the initial and oxidized or reduced forms of the compound. The E(1/2) values for the Ru(2)(5+/4+) and Ru(2)(5+/6+) processes vary linearly with the number of CH(3)CO(2)(-) bridging ligands on Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(x)(Fap)(4-x)Cl and plots of reversible half-wave potentials vs the number of acetate groups follow linear free energy relationships with the largest substituent effect being observed for the oxidation. The major UV-visible band of the examined compounds in their neutral Ru(2)(5+) form is located between 550 and 800 nm in CH(2)Cl(2) and also varies linearly with the number of CH(3)CO(2)(-) ligands on Ru(2)(CH(3)CO(2))(x)(Fap)(4-x)Cl. The electronic spectra of the singly oxidized and singly reduced forms of each diruthenium species were characterized by UV-visible spectroelectrochemistry in CH(2)Cl(2).     

多氟代烃类的反应II: 氟氯烯烃与三氯化铝的反应

研究了以CFCl2CF2CF=CF2(1)和CFCl2CF=CFCF2(2)为原料与三氯化铝的反应.结果获得重排产品CCl2=CF2CF2CF3(3).结果支持了从1到3的分子间重排反应的机理.在激烈条件下,3进一步与氯化铝反应得到CCl2=CFCCl2CF3(4),CCl2=CClCCl2CF3(5),CCl2=CClCCl2CClF(6),CCl2=CClCCl2CFCCl2(7)和CCl2=CClCCl2CCl3(8).由分离所得产品的结构可推断化合物3中氟原子被氯原子取代的稳定性按以下次序:CF3->CF=>=-CF2CF=.反应条件对产品得率的影响也被讨论了.     

The thermodynamics of ethylene-diamine complexes of silver

The silver(I)-ethylenediamine system has been investigated and the existence of AgHL(2+) AgH(2)L(3+)(2), AgHL(2+)(2), AgL(+)(2) and Ag(2)L(2+)(2) with stability constants 10(2.33), 10(4.88), 10(6.47), 10(7.64) 10(13.13) has been demonstrated.     

Chloromethylation of substituted di(2-thienyl)methanes and the reductive desulfuration of some diamines of the thiopene series

The action of chloromethyl ether on di(2-thienyl)methane, 1, 1-di-(2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-di(2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, and 1, 1, 1-tri(2-thienyl)ethane has given, respectively: 5-chloromethyl -2 -thienylthiophene, 1, 1-bis(5-chloro-methyl-2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-bis(5-chloromethyl-2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-5-chloromethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, 1-(2-thienyl)-1, 1-bis(5-chloromethyl-2-thienyl)-ethane, and the corresponding amines: 5-diethylaminomethyl-2-thienylthiophene, 1,1-Bis(5-diethylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-bis(5-aminomethyl-2 -thienyl)propane, 2, 2-bis(5-methylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-5-dimethylaminomethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, and 2, 8, 8, 14, 20, 20-hexamethyl-2, 14-diaza-3, 2, 3, 2-α-cyclotetrathiene. The reductive desulfonation over Raney nickel of the diacetyl derivatives of 2, 2-bis(5-aminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane and 2, 2-bis(5-methylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane has given the diacetyl derivatives of aliphatic amines.     

预处理方法对钛硅沸石催化性能的影响

 采用不同的介质（HCl－H2O2,NH4F－H2O2,HNO3－H2O2,H2SO4－H2O2）对钛硅沸石TS－1进行预处理,并用IR,XRD,UV－Vis,XRF和27AlMASNMR对样品进行了表征;以丙烯环氧化为探针反应,考察了样品的催化性能．结果表明,经预处理后,TS－1中的TiO2均被脱除约20％,而Al几乎未被脱除;所脱除的TiO2为非骨架钛;环氧丙烷的选择性降低,但H2O2的有效利用率明显升高．特别是采用NH4F－H2O2预处理时,H2O2的转化率和有效利用率均提高10％．     

Orthopalladation of iminophosphoranes: synthesis, structure and study of stability

The reaction of Pd(OAc)(2) with polyfunctional iminophosphoranes Ph(3)P=NCH(2)CO(2)Me (1a), Ph(3)P=NCH(2)C(O)NMe(2) (1b), Ph(3)P=NCH(2)CH(2)SMe (1c) and Ph(3)P=NCH(2)-2-NC(5)H(4) (1d), gives the orthopalladated dinuclear complex [Pd(mu-Cl){C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)CO(2)Me-kappa-C,N)-2}](2) (2a) and the mononuclear derivatives [PdCl{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)CONMe(2)-kappa-C,N,O)-2}] (2b), [PdCl{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)CH(2)SMe-kappa-C,N,S)-2}] (2c) and [PdCl{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)-2-NC(5)H(4)-kappa-C,N,N)-2}] (2d). The reaction implies the activation of a C-H bond in a phenyl ring of the phosphonium group, this fact being worthy of note due to the strongly deactivating nature of the phosphonium unit. The palladacycle containing the metallated carbon atom is remarkably stable toward the coordination of incoming ligands, while that formed by the iminic N atom and another heteroatom (O, 2a and 2b; S, 2c; N, 2d) is less stable and the resulting complexes can be considered as hemilabile. The X-ray crystal structures of the cyclopalladated [Pd(mu-Cl){C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)CO(2)Me-kappa-C,N)-2}](2) (2a), [PdCl{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)-2-NC(5)H(4)-kappa-C,N,N)-2}] (2d), [Pd{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)=NCH(2)CONMe(2)-kappa-C,N,O)-2}(NCMe)](ClO(4)) (7b) and [Pd{C(6)H(4)(PPh(2)NCH(2)CONMe(2)-kappa-C,N,O)-2}(py)](ClO(4)) (3b), and the coordination compound cis-[Pd(Cl)(2)(Ph(3)P=NCH(2)CH(2)SMe-kappa-N,S)] (8) are also reported.     

Chloromethylation of substituted di(2-thienyl)methanes and the reductive desulfuration of some diamines of the thiopene series

The action of chloromethyl ether on di(2-thienyl)methane, 1, 1-di-(2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-di(2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, and 1, 1, 1-tri(2-thienyl)ethane has given, respectively: 5-chloromethyl -2 -thienylthiophene, 1, 1-bis(5-chloro-methyl-2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-bis(5-chloromethyl-2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-5-chloromethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, 1-(2-thienyl)-1, 1-bis(5-chloromethyl-2-thienyl)-ethane, and the corresponding amines: 5-diethylaminomethyl-2-thienylthiophene, 1,1-Bis(5-diethylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)ethane, 2, 2-bis(5-aminomethyl-2 -thienyl)propane, 2, 2-bis(5-methylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane, 2, 5-bis(dimethyl-5-dimethylaminomethyl-2-thienylmethyl)thiophene, and 2, 8, 8, 14, 20, 20-hexamethyl-2, 14-diaza-3, 2, 3, 2--cyclotetrathiene. The reductive desulfonation over Raney nickel of the diacetyl derivatives of 2, 2-bis(5-aminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane and 2, 2-bis(5-methylaminomethyl-2-thienyl)propane has given the diacetyl derivatives of aliphatic amines.     

A DFT study of the mechanism of polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone initiated by organolanthanide borohydride complexes

The mechanisms of polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone (CL) initiated by either the rare-earth hydride [Cp2Eu(H)] or the borohydrides [Cp2Eu(BH4)] or [(N2NN')Eu(BH4)] were studied at the DFT level (Cp=eta5-C5H5; N2NN'=(2-C5H4N)CH2(CH2CH2NMe)2). For all compounds the reaction proceeds in two steps: a hydride transfer from the rare earth initiator to the carbonyl carbon of the lactone, followed by ring-opening of the monomer. In the last step a difference is observed between the hydride and borohydride complexes, because for the latter the ring-opening is induced by an additional B-H bond cleavage leading to a terminal--CH2OBH2 group. This corresponds to the reduction by BH3 of the carbonyl group of CL. Upon reaction of [Cp2Eu(H)] with CL, the alkoxy-aldehyde complex produced, [Cp2Eu(O(CH2)5C(O)H)], is the first-formed initiating species. In contrast, for the reaction of CL with the borohydride complexes [(Lx)Eu(BH4)] (Lx=Cp2 or N2NN'), an aliphatic alkoxide with a terminal--CH2OBH2 group, [(Lx)Eu(O(CH2)6OBH2)] is formed and subsequently propagates the polymerization. The present DFT investigations are fully compatible with previously reported mechanistic studies of experimental systems.     

CeO2/SiO2的制备及丁烯异构化动力学

用浸渍法制备CeO2／SiO2催化剂.催化剂灼烧温度在300－500℃时2－丁烯异构化活性保持一常数；600℃灼烧时活性下降,活载比在1／32－1／5范围内，随活载比增加催化剂活性呈线性增加．在2－丁烯分压较低时，t－2－丁烯及c－2－丁烯异构成1－丁烯的反应级数接近于一级．1－丁烯分压较大时1－丁烯异构成t－2－丁烯及c－2－丁烯的动力学服从于反应物、反应产物吸附的L－H动力学方程．用正交设计法估计动力学参数．1－丁烯、t－2－丁烯及c－2－丁烯吸附热的估计值与脉冲法测定值一致．     

Study of the pyrolysis of H2O2 in the presence of H2and CO by use of UV absorption of HO2

In dissociation experiments of H₂O₂ under shock wave conditions, the spectra of H₂O₂ and HO₂ have been observed in the UV at 2200 ≤ 2800 Å. By the use of these spectra the H₂O₂ decomposition in the presence of H₂ and CO at 870 ≤ T ≤ 1000°K has been analyzed. It was found that in this temperature range, in contrast to low temperature behavior, reactions of H atoms with H₂O₂ and with HO₂ are equally important. The rate of the reaction H + H₂O₂ ← HO₂ + H₂ was estimated in comparison with the rate of the reaction between H and HO₂. Good agreement between calculated and measured concentration profiles of HO₂ and H₂O₂ was obtained.