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1.
为比较不同炭吸附材料木炭、竹炭、改性木炭和改性竹炭对溶液中铅(Ⅱ)的吸附性能,研究了pH值、吸附剂用量、吸附平衡时间等因素对吸附量的影响。动力学研究表明,它们对铅(Ⅱ)的吸附均可用准一级动力学方程描述,测定了不同炭对铅(Ⅱ)吸附的表观速率常数,Freundlich等温吸附模型能较好地描述吸附过程;以我国饮用水标准中铅的限值0.05mg/L为标准,研究了一定质量浓度及一定量含铅废水处理时,所需吸附剂投料量的估算方法和实验验证结果,结果表明,控制合适的吸附条件,竹炭能较完全有效地除去废水中的铅。  相似文献   

2.
废水中的铅严重危害环境及人体的健康,如何处理含铅废水引起了很多科研人员的重视。本文综述了近年来处理含铅废水的研究进展,详细介绍了吸附法、膜分离法、离子液体萃取法、化学沉淀法、电解法、电絮凝法、微生物絮凝法和植物修复法等处理含铅废水的现状,分析了各种处理方法的优缺点,并展望了未来深度处理含铅废水的发展趋势。  相似文献   

3.
建立了香蕉皮快速、高效对重金属离子铅吸附性能的方法。采用分光光度法测定重金属离子铅的浓度,分别研究了7种不同形态的吸附剂对废水中重金属离子铅的吸附性能。在优化的实验条件下,重金属离子铅浓度与吸光度的线性相关系数R=0.999 83,且方法相对标准偏差(RSD)低于3%。结果表明,香蕉皮对废水中的重金属离子铅有良好的吸附效果,吸附率达到91.3%。利用香蕉皮去除废水中的重金属离子,可以变废为宝,且方法吸附率高、准确可靠、精密度高,可用于吸附废水中重金属离子铅。  相似文献   

4.
生物质竹炭对水中Cd~(2+)的吸附行为研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以竹炭和经化学改性竹炭作为吸附剂,研究其对水溶液中Cd2+的吸附特性,探讨了竹炭对Cd2+的吸附热力学和吸附动力学性质,通过单因子优化实验探讨了温度、竹炭投加量和p H值对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:竹炭及改性竹炭对Cd2+的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型,在18h可达到平衡;其等温吸附曲线符合Langmuir方程,最大吸附量分别为10.18mg/g和16.71mg/g;两者对Cd2+的吸附受温度的影响较小;竹炭及改性竹炭的最佳投加量分别为0.8g、0.6g;p H对竹炭及改性竹炭吸附Cd2+的影响较大,在p H 2~6范围时,竹炭及改性竹炭对Cd2+的吸附量随p H的增加而增加。  相似文献   

5.
板蓝根药渣对低浓度含铅废水的吸附特性研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
研究了板蓝根药渣对配制的低浓度含铅废水的吸附特性.结果表明,板蓝根药渣能快速、大量地吸附铅.Langmuir型吸附模型能较好地描述板蓝根药渣对铅的吸附实验数据,吸附模型为ce/q=1.9209 0.007319ce,其线性回归系数高达0.9998;溶液pH和温度是影响吸附的重要因素,pH6.0-7.0、25℃左右是吸附的适宜条件.对板蓝根药渣用0.1mol/L-0.2mol/L的NaOH溶液进行预处理,能有效提高板蓝根药渣吸附铅的能力。0.05mol/L的HNO3能有效地洗脱板蓝根药渣上吸附的铅.  相似文献   

6.
将树脂吸附剂应用于焦化废水的深度处理,考察了温度、投加量、初始pH、时间和流速对CODcr和色度去除效果的影响.静态吸附实验确定了最佳吸附树脂为NDA-99型树脂,最佳投加量为3.00g/L,无需调节pH,最佳温度为303K,吸附等温线满足Freundlich方程.通过动态实验确定了最适宜工艺条件为:流速20BV/h,单柱废水处理量为200BV/批;处理后废水中CODcr浓度从199mg/L降到100mg/L以下,色度从98倍降到50倍以下.使用8%的NaOH溶液脱附再生,最佳脱附流速为5BV/h.  相似文献   

7.
蛭石对Cd(Ⅱ)的动态吸附研究   总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27  
新型价廉的吸附材料的开发应用是目前废水处理的研究重点 [1,2 ] ,粘土矿物由于具有储量丰富、价格低廉、吸附容量大、对环境无毒无害等优点 ,在废水处理方面有着广阔的应用前景 [3,4 ]。目前 ,有关粘土矿物处理重金属废水的研究工作多采用静态的搅拌吸附方法。该法用于实验室的试验研究是行之有效的 ,但难以在工业上推广应用。本文报道了利用蛭石作为吸附剂装填吸附柱用于连续处理含镉溶液的动态吸附实验方法 ,并探讨了蛭石的改性处理方法和再生情况 ,为蛭石用于工业废水的处理提供了一定的理论和实验基础。1 材料与方法1 .1 实验材料1 .…  相似文献   

8.
通过简单的回流及室温老化两步法合成了CoNiLDHs/RGO纳米复合物,采用XRD、EDS和SEM等技术手段对其微观结构进行了表征。将其作为吸附剂应用于废水处理,研究了对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附性能。实验结果表明,在优化条件下,CoNiLDHs/RGO纳米复合物能较快吸附废水中的亚甲基蓝分子,在150 min吸附已经达到平衡,同时具有较大的吸附量,最大吸附量可达149.48 mg·g-1,该研究为其实际应用提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

9.
通过静态吸附实验,研究了大孔螯合树脂HZ401吸附去除废水中铅的性能.探究了时间、树脂用量、废水中铅的初始浓度、p H、温度、转速等条件对树脂吸附铅效果的影响,分析了吸附等温线和吸附动力学过程.结果表明:在研究范围内,HZ401树脂对铅的吸附率可以达到95%以上,返洗率几乎达到100%.树脂对铅的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程,同时符合准一级动力学Lagergren方程和准二级动力学Lagergren方程.HZ401树脂可以用于废水中痕量铅的去除.  相似文献   

10.
利用炭黑作吸附剂,考察吸附质流速和硝酸处理浓度对炭黑吸附有机废水中硝基苯的影响,确定了最佳吸附处理条件,比较了不同炭素材料的吸附性能。实验结果表明:与炭管、椰壳活性炭和颗粒活性炭3种炭素材料相比,炭黑对硝基苯具有更佳的吸附性能。XRD、BET表征结果表明炭黑表面存在大约40nm介孔结构,毛细凝聚在吸附中起到了重要作用。  相似文献   

11.
The hydrophilic multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)hydrogel was prepared using acrylic acid,acrylamide and hydrophilic MWCNT.The orthogonal experiment was applied to optimize the synthetic conditions.The MWCNT hydrogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FTIR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis.The MWCNT hydrogel was used as the adsorbent to adsorb water-soluble cationic dye.This study evaluated the adsorption performance of hydrogels on four dyes of safranine Ts crystal violet,malachite green and methylene blue in water.The effects of the amount of hydrogel,the size of hydrogel,pH;and the temperature on the adsorption performance were investigated.The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherm curves were measured.The experimental results show that the MWCNT hydrogel can be easily separated from water and the adsorption capacity is much greater compared to the hydrogel without MWCNT.The MWCNT hydrogels can be used in wastewater treatment with a great potential.  相似文献   

12.
Bamboo carbon, an inexpensive, readily available material, has attracted great attention in recent years because of adsorptive properties. In this paper, the potential of bamboo carbon as a SPE adsorbent for the determination of phenols, was investigated. Phenols are important environmental contaminants that may adversely affect human health. Parameters influencing extraction efficiency, including type of eluent, eluent volume, amount of adsorbent, as well as sample pH, volume, and flow rate were investigated and optimized. The optimized results exhibited excellent linear relationships between peak area and phenol concentrations over the range of 2.0–100 ng/mL, with precision between 2.2–7.2%. The LODs were 0.06–0.4 ng/mL for the eight phenols tested. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of several real‐world environmental water samples. These results indicate that bamboo carbon may be used as a novel SPE adsorbent for the concentration and determination of phenols in real environmental water samples.  相似文献   

13.
The adsorption behavior of activated carbon (AC) prepared from the residue of diosgenin by-product was characterized. The adsorption capacities of AC such as iodine, phenol and methylene blue (MB) are 933.28, 145.38 and 165 mg/g, respectively. The results of MP analysis and BJH method show AC has developed micropore and mesopore volumes, which are 0.1621 and 0.2623 cm3/g respectively, with the mean pore diameter of 1.49 nm. Comparison of the liquid phase adsorption capacities of AC to the standard activated carbon (SAC) and the commercial activated carbon (CAC) for wastewater treatment showed AC was superior to SAC and CAC. Experiments on phenol and MB adsorption and COD and chroma removal from diosgenin wastewater were carried out under different conditions of contact time, temperature, concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. The removal of COD and chroma of 10-multiple wastewater is 92.46 mg/g and 88 %, respectively. Adsorption parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were determined. At lower temperatures, the data for phenol and COD fitted Freundlich model better than Langmuir model and vise versa for MB and chroma. Adsorption followed second-order kinetics. The study proves that AC prepared from the residue of diosgenin by-product can be used as adsorbent for the treatment of diosogenin wastewater as a cost-effective approach of resource recycle of Discorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright.  相似文献   

14.
《印度化学会志》2022,99(12):100791
With the ongoing global demands for modern commodities, anthropogenic activities by industries and humans have brought a colossal pressure to the natural water bodies. Though numerous scientific interventions or treatment techniques have been proposed, the need for a viable low-cost method has been a quest for many researchers. Adsorption as such has been in the limelight as an effective method in recent times using various feedstock biomass waste. Our present piece of research aims to use the non-edible biomass waste generated from bamboo shoots as a sustainable low-cost biochar adsorbent and examine its efficiency in the removal of ferrous (Fe2+) ions from an aqueous solution. The batch adsorption study was conducted and the optimum dose and concentration were found to be 0.2 g and 7 mg L?1 with the Langmuir isotherm model best describing the experimental data. Furthermore, kinetic study suggests that the overall sorption rate predominantly follows the chemisorption pathway. Multiple studies suggest bamboo is an excellent adsorbent for treating various inorganic & organic contaminants; here we have highlighted the multifaceted applications of waste bamboo shoots as an effective adsorbing material. The obtained results can lead to additional benefits and usage of bamboo shoots (waste) with future research prospects.  相似文献   

15.
This study aimed to examine the impact of operational factors on the adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) using a natural and cost-effective adsorbent, activated carbon from coffee grounds (CAP). The three-factor Box-Behnken design of the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize this economically viable process with maximum efficiency. Through extensive experiments, the factors influencing the adsorption process were identified, their interactions were measured, and a mathematical model was developed. The experiment evaluated the quantity of MB adsorbed by CAP based on pH (2.5–10), initial MB concentration (10–100 mg/L), and CAP adsorbent amount (0.05–0.1 g/L). The results revealed that both concentration and mass significantly influenced the decoloration enhancement. Optimal conditions for achieving a 91 % degradation efficiency were determined as 0.05 g/L adsorbent weight, 100 mg/L dye concentration, and pH 2.5, with a desirability score of approximately 0.986, aligning closely with the predictions of the BBD model. In conclusion, this research addresses a research gap by demonstrating the high effectiveness of the CAP adsorbent in removing dyes from textiles.  相似文献   

16.
The adsorptive removal of lead (II) from aqueous medium was carried out by chemically modified silica monolith particles. Porous silica monolith particles were prepared by the sol-gel method and their surface modification was carried out using trimethoxy silyl propyl urea (TSPU) to prepare inorganic–organic hybrid adsorbent. The resultant adsorbent was evaluated for the removal of lead (Pb) from aqueous medium. The effect of pH, adsorbent dose, metal ion concentration and adsorption time was determined. It was found that the optimum conditions for adsorption of lead (Pb) were pH 5, adsorbent dose of 0.4 g/L, Pb(II) ions concentration of 500 mg/L and adsorption time of 1 h. The adsorbent chemically modified SM was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET/BJH and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The percent adsorption of Pb(II) onto chemically modified silica monolith particles was 98%. An isotherm study showed that the adsorption data of Pb(II) onto chemically modified SM was fully fitted with the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. It was found from kinetic study that the adsorption of Pb(II) followed a pseudo second-order model. Moreover, thermodynamic study suggests that the adsorption of Pb(II) is spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption capacity of chemically modified SM for Pb(II) ions was 792 mg/g which is quite high as compared to the traditional adsorbents. The adsorbent chemically modified SM was regenerated, used again three times for the adsorption of Pb(II) ions and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the regenerated adsorbent was only dropped by 7%. Due to high adsorption capacity chemically modified silica monolith particles could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.  相似文献   

17.
Activated palm kernel shell carbon (APKSC) was used to remove U(VI) from aqueous solutions in a batch system. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and effects of various parameters, such as temperature, contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial U(VI) concentration on the U(VI) adsorption process were studied. Equilibrium was reached after 120 min in the range of studied U(VI) concentrations and temperatures. U(VI) uptake was insignificantly affected by temperature, but was highly pH dependent, and the optimum pH for removal was 5.5. U(VI) removal efficiency increased with the increasing adsorbent dosage. U(VI) sorption capacity increased with increasing initial U(VI) concentration; any further increases in initial U(VI) concentration above a certain point caused insignificant changes in U(VI) sorption capacity. Isotherm data could be described by the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum U(VI) adsorption capacity of 51.81 mg/g. Kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equations, which suggested that the U(VI) adsorption onto APKSC was better reproduced by the pseudo-second-order model rather than pseudo-first-order model. Our results indicated that APKSC might be used as a cheap adsorbent in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater.  相似文献   

18.
Waste material (carbon slurry), from fuel oil-based generators, was used as adsorbent for the removal of two reactive dyes from synthetic textile wastewater. The study describes the results of batch experiments on removal of Vertigo Blue 49 and Orange DNA13 from synthetic textile wastewater onto activated carbon slurry. The utility of waste material in adsorbing reactive dyes from aqueous solutions has been studied as a function of contact time, temperature, pH, and initial dye concentrations by batch experiments. pH 7.0 was found suitable for maximum removal of Vertigo Blue 49 and Orange DNA13. Dye adsorption capacities of carbon slurry for the Vertigo Blue 49 and the Orange DNA13 were 11.57 and 4.54 mg g(-1) adsorbent, respectively. The adsorption isotherms for both dyes were better described by the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic treatment of adsorption data showed an exothermic nature of adsorption with both dyes. The dye uptake process was found to follow second-order kinetics.  相似文献   

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