HT-6M托卡马克离子回旋共振频率加热电荷交换能谱的分析

介绍了用电荷交换分析器测量了HT-6M托卡马克离子回旋共振频率加热时的氢离子能谱,观察到离子温度的增加.根据Fokker-Planck方程计算的电荷交换能谱和离子温度与实验结果比较,两者符合得很好. 关键词：     

HT-6M中性注入加热电荷交换能谱分析

用电荷交换中性粒子能谱分析的方法,研究了HT-6M托卡马克中性注入加热期间的氢离子能谱,得到了离子温度的增加。测量结果与实验定标律的估算在误差范围内相符;并与根据Fokker-Planck方程计算的注入过程中的离子能谱和温度变化进行了比较。 关键词：     

光谱仪器

TH744 2004064059 振镜扫描光谱仪用于托卡马克等离子体谱线轮廓测量=Measurement of spectral profiles in Tokamak plasma with an optical scanner spectrometer[刊,中]/林晓东(深圳大学师范学院物理教育系.广东,深圳(518060)),蔡红红…∥光电子·激光.—2004.15(4).—502-504 利用自行研制的振镜扫描光谱仪在HT-7托卡马克装置上建立起光谱线轮廓诊断系统,并对等离子体离子温度和H/D含量比进行测量。实验结果表明.HT-7托卡马克等离子体内,OⅡ(441.60nm)和D_(?)(656.10nm)     

HT—6M上电荷交换中性粒子能谱测量

用10道电荷文换中性粒子分析器测量了HT-6M装置的中性粒子能谱,给出了测量和数据处理方法以及在欧姆加热,高能中性粒子束(NBD)和离子回旋共振辅助加热(ICRH)条件下的能谱和离子温度,并对结果进行了分析讨论。     

HT-6M托卡马克装置杂质输运

利用多道可见光谱探测系统和近紫外转镜系统测量了HT-6M托卡马克等离子体中杂质的时空分布.建立完备的杂质输运程序，数值模拟碳、氧杂质在欧姆放电时的输运行为，得出了杂质的扩散和对流系数、不同电离态杂质离子密度、辐射功率密度和有效电荷数的空间分布. 分析低混杂波电流驱动（LHCD）期间杂质行为，结果表明等离子体粒子约束、杂质约束和能 量约束提高，辐射功率和有效电荷数减小. 关键词： 托卡马克 杂质输运 扩散系数 对流系数     

HL—1M装置等离子体离子温度测量

在ＨＬ－１Ｍ托卡马克装置上，利用８通道中性粒子能谱仪测量的等离子体离子温度。在等离子体电流和密变化、激光吹气、弹丸注入，超声分子束注入和低混杂波加热等实验条件下，观测了Ｔｉ的变化。     

HL—1M中性束注入期间离子温度的变化

在ＭＬ－１Ｍ中性束注入期间,我们用电荷交换中性普子能谱仪测量了等离子体离子温度的。结果表明,加热效果比较好时,离子温度可提高１倍左右。     

HT-7汤姆逊散射测量电子温度的相对论修正

简要介绍了在HT-7托卡马克上用激光汤姆逊散射法测量等离子体电子温度的方法。对相对论产生谱峰蓝移的原因以及如何进行相对论修正进行了叙述。在考虑蓝移和不考虑蓝移两种情况下,用相对论修正关系式给出了HT-7托卡马克两次放电的电子温度的空间分布。     

HT-7电子加热实验的软X射线能谱诊断

介绍了HT-7装置上软X射线能谱诊断系统,用软X射线能谱对HT-7托卡马克上电子温度进行了测量。在离子伯恩斯坦波和低杂波协同实验中,观察到了对等离子体的较好的加热效果。     

HT-7汤姆逊散射测量电子温度的相对论修正

 简要介绍了在HT-7托卡马克上用激光汤姆逊散射法测量等离子体电子温度的方法。对相对论产生谱峰蓝移的原因以及如何进行相对论修正进行了叙述。在考虑蓝移和不考虑蓝移两种情况下,用相对论修正关系式给出了HT-7托卡马克两次放电的电子温度的空间分布。     

Multireflection planar time-of-flight mass analyzer. I: An analyzer for a parallel tandem spectrometer

To increase the speed and selectivity of tandem mass-spectrometric analysis, a tandem of two time-of-flight analyzers that operate in a radically new “nested time” mode is proposed. Such an approach makes it possible to perform parallel analysis of the fragment spectra for all parent ions within a single separation cycle using the first (“slow”) analyzer. The method suggested can be implemented with a new “slow” time-of-flight analyzer, which combines lateral confinement of a low-energy ion beam in periodic lenses and multiple reflection of the ions from planar gridless mirrors. Also, the new approach opens the way to considerably extending the effective length of the ion trajectory, while retaining the possibility of operating in the entire mass range and providing high-order time-of-flight ion focusing in energy. As follows from the analytical data and the experimental data obtained on a prototype of the analyzer, the instrument offers a high transmission (no less than 6 mm×1.5° in either direction transverse to the beam), good resolving power (more than 5000), and wide (six orders of magnitude) dynamic range.     

Secondary ion mass spectrometer based on a high-dose ion implanter

A secondary ion mass spectrometer built around a modified high-dose ion implanter is used to study secondary ion emission in metals over a wide range of primary beam energies. The implanter generates ion beams with energies of up to 150 keV and a substrate current to 30 μA. A modified MX7304A monopole mass spectrometer is applied as an analyzer of secondary ions with mass numbers of up to 400 with a resolution of 1 M at a level of 10% of the peak height. The detection limit for iron is 6.5 ppm. The analyzer is equipped with a small-size filter separating secondary ions in energy. The relative emission intensities of the secondary monatomic and cluster ions of copper for different primary ion beam parameters are studied.     

用于兰州彭宁离子阱的多反射飞行时间质量分析器的设计和优化

MRTOF-MS是最近几年发展起来的新型质谱仪,较传统的飞行时间质谱仪而言,MRTOF-MS质量分辨本领更高。开发了一种用于MRTOF-MS设计的新方法,该方法由参数设置部分和离子运动计算部分共同组成;分全局搜索和局部细化两个步骤,可用于优化MRTOF-MS的几何构型、计算不同条件下的最佳电压设置组合。基于这种方法,设计了一种机械结构与国际上同类设备不同的MRTOF-MS,该设备可用于高精度原子核质量测量,也可用于快速质量选择,为LPT提供纯净的目标核。通过优化,确定了其几何参数和电压参数,讨论了不同电极上的电压偏差对质量分辨本领的影响,定量地分析了电源的精度要求。优化结果表明:MRTOF-MS的最佳漂移长度约为400 mm;在最佳电压设置下,当40Ar1+的总飞行时间为6.5 ms时,其质量分辨本领可达1.3×105;要求电源精度好于50 ppm,最好达到20 ppm。Multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MRTOF-MS) has been developed as a new device which has a higher mass resolving power than traditional mass spectrometers in recent years. A new method including two sub-procedures, global search and local refinement, has been developed and applied to design a MRTOF-MS. It consists of two components, parameter configuration and ion motion simulation, and can be used to optimize the geometries of the spectrometer and the potentials applied on the electrodes to achieve the optimum in different conditions. By using this method, a different type of MRTOF mass analyzer has been designed for mass measurements and isobaric separation for Lanzhou Penning Trap (LPT). The geometry of this analyzer and potentials at different electrodes have been optimized, and the relations between resolving power and potentials and the power accuracy requirements have been analyzed and discussed quantitatively. The simulation shows that the optimal length of the drift-tube is about 400 mm; the maximal resolving power of 1.3×105 has been achieved with a total time-of-flight of 6.5 ms under the optimal potentials for an ion species of 40Ar1+; and the inaccuracy of the potentials applied to the mirror electrodes must be less than 50 ppm or preferably 20 ppm.     

Gyrokinetic simulations of solar wind turbulence from ion to electron scales

A three-dimensional, nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation of plasma turbulence resolving scales from the ion to electron gyroradius with a realistic mass ratio is presented, where all damping is provided by resolved physical mechanisms. The resulting energy spectra are quantitatively consistent with a magnetic power spectrum scaling of k(-2.8) as observed in in situ spacecraft measurements of the "dissipation range" of solar wind turbulence. Despite the strongly nonlinear nature of the turbulence, the linear kinetic Alfvén wave mode quantitatively describes the polarization of the turbulent fluctuations. The collisional ion heating is measured at subion-Larmor radius scales, which provides evidence of the ion entropy cascade in an electromagnetic turbulence simulation.     

用于半导体加工的腔耦合－磁多极型ECR源的研究

本实验室研制出一台谐振腔耦合一多极场位形的电子回旋共振（ＥＣＲ）微波等离子体源（ＭＥＰ）。采用朗谬探针和离子能量分析器，测量了ＭＥＰ中Ａｒ等离子体的放电特性。实验结果表明．ＭＥＰ能在很宽的运行参数范围，高效率地产生具有较高密度、较低离子温度和空间电位的大面积均匀等离子体，特别适合于半导体加工应用研究。     

An enhancement of ion energy spectra resolution and sensitivity ina multigridded energy analyzer with a retarding grid potential: thevariable energy analyzer (VEA)

An energy analyzer was developed that allows enhanced resolution of ion energy spectra and sensitivity. The energy analyzer is based on the principles of electrostatic multigrid ion or electron energy analyzers. Studies indicate that geometrical parameters such as grid separation, the grid transparency, and the spatial charge all influence the characteristic curve of the analyzer (typically a plot of collector current versus the retarding potential on the discriminator grid of the analyzer). Through the adjustment of these parameters, the resolution and the sensitivity of the analyzer is improved by a factor of two. It was found that there was an optimum separation distance between the two grids where the analyzer provides optimal resolution     

Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and accurate mass measurements for high-throughput food lipids profiling

In the present study, accurate mass measurements by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry with Orbitrap-Exactive working at resolving power R: 100,000 (m/z 200, full width at half maximum) with an accuracy better than 2?ppm in all the mass range (m/z 200 to 2000) were used to show a detailed molecular composition of diverse edible oils and fats. Flow injection was used to introduce samples into the mass spectrometer, obtaining a complete analysis of each sample in less than 10 min, including blanks. Meticulous choice of organic solvents and optimization of the ion source and Orbitrap mass analyzer parameters were carried out, in order to achieve reproducible mass spectra giving reliable elemental compositions of the lipid samples and to prevent carry over. More than 200 elemental compositions attributable to diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols (TAGs), and their oxidation products have been found in the spectra of food lipids from different origin. Several compounds with very close molecular mass could only be resolved through ultrahigh resolution, allowing detailed and robust TAG profiling with a high characterization potential. Copyright ? 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Precise atomic scale studies of material sputtering by light-ion gases in the prethreshold energy region

The basis and prospects of a new original technique of determining the yields of the sputtering of conductive materials and subatomic films on their surface by light ion gases in the prethreshold energy region (from 10 to 500 eV) are discussed. This information is of great importance both for science and applications. The technique is based on special modes of field ion microscopy and includes the cleaning of specimens by field-induced desorption and evaporation, and subsequent operations with the atomically clean and atomically smooth surface in a wide temperature range from cryogenic temperatures. The technique enables one to identify single surface vacancies, that is, to directly count single sputtered atoms. The original results obtained with the developed technique are briefly reviewed. The energy thresholds of sputtering and the energy dependences of the sputtering yields in the prethreshold energy region are presented and analyzed for beryllium, tungsten, tungsten oxide, mixed tungsten-carbon layers, three carbon materials, and subatomic carbon films on the surface of certain metals bombarded by hydrogen, deuterium, and/or helium ions.     

含氘电极真空弧等离子体空间分布特性诊断研究

真空弧放电等离子体含有多种离子成分,并且各离子在空间上具有不同的分布规律.本文针对金属氘化物电极真空弧离子源,搭建了一台紧凑型磁分析装置,用来研究放电等离子体中氘离子与金属离子的空间分布.当离子源弧流为100 A左右时,该装置能有效地传输引出束流,并且具有较好的二次电子抑制效果,可准确获得各离子流强.利用该装置测量并获得了氘化钛含氘电极真空弧放电等离子体内氘离子和钛离子空间分布规律,结果表明:径向上,氘离子和钛离子都呈高斯分布,但氘离子分布均匀,而钛离子相对集中在轴线附近,导致轴线附近氘离子比例最低;轴向上,所有离子数量都以自然指数函数减少,而且相对幅度接近,所以氘离子比例几乎不变.本文研究结果不仅有助于理解真空弧放电等离子体膨胀过程,还可以指导金属氘化物电极真空弧离子源及其引出设计.     

Dissolution of deuterium into proton conductor SrCe0.95Yb0.05O3−δ

The incorporation of deuterium in a perovskite-type oxide SrCe_0.95Yb_0.05O_3−δ was confirmed and its concentration was measured using a secondary ion mass spectrometer. The deuterium was absorbed in an atmosphere of O₂ and D₂O at a temperature range of 700–800°C. The concentration of deuterium was found to be 0.01 to 0.05 mol in one mole of SrCe_0.95Yb_0.05O_3−δ. This is remarkably large compared to the solubility of hydrogen in other oxide.