石墨炉原子吸收法测定渗透水中的铍

本文用塞曼效应石墨炉原子吸收法测定铍，以抗坏血酸作基体改进剂，使测定铍的灵敏度提高，并且提高了灰化温度和降低原子化温度，增强抗干扰能力。利用抗坏血酸的增感作用直接测定了渗透水和水系沉积物中的痕量铍。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定渗透水的铍

本文用塞曼效应石墨炉原子吸收法测定铍，以抗坏血酸作基体改进剂，使测定铍的灵敏度提高，并且提高了灰化温度和降低原子化温度，增强抗干扰能力，利用抗坏血酸的增感作用直接测定了渗透水和水系沉积物中的痕量铍。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定柑桔中痕量镉

镉在人体中主要对肝、肾和骨组织产生伤害。测定食品中镉含量是我国食品卫生标准所要求的。目前因为国内外一般采用吸光光度法、伏安法和原子吸收法测定食品中的镉,其中石墨炉原子吸收法因简便快速,应用较广,但该法基体干扰严重、重现性较差。笔者运用基体改进剂来消除该法用于柑桔中痕量镉测定时的干扰,探讨了基体改进剂种类、用量以及石墨炉升温程序等对测定的影响。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量镉的基体改进效应研究及其应用

研究了磷酸氢二钾对石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量镉的基体改进效应,试验表明,在磷酸盐存在下,镉的灰化温度能显著提高,钾对镉有一定的增感效应。以此建立了用磷酸氢二钾作基体改进剂,直接测定岩石、土壤和水系沉积物中痕量镉的方法。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定加氢催化剂中的痕量砷

建立了石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定加氢催化剂中痕量砷的方法,并研究了测定条件和消解方法。样品催化剂经HNO3-HClO4消解处理后,以Ni作为基体改进剂,用偏振塞曼效应扣去背景法测定其中的砷。砷的检出限为0.00048mg/L,样品测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2.2%(n=10),回收率为98%～101%。     

微波消解样品-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定蜂产品中铅、镉、硒

提出了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定4种蜂产品中硒、铅和镉的含量.样品用浓硝酸、过氧化氢浸泡后,加热溶解,补加浓硝酸、过氧化氢进行微波消解.在优化的石墨炉工作条件下,用磷酸二氢铵作基体改进剂测定铅和镉,用PdCl2和Mg(NO3)2作混合基体改进剂测定硒.铅、镉和硒的检出限(3S/N)分别为11.3,1.9,3.7 ng,应用此方法分析了4种蜂产品样品,并用标准加入法作回收试验,测得铅、镉、硒的回收率分别为95.4%～103.8%,89.0%～110.0%,86.8%～96.5%之间,相对标准偏差均小于6%.     

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中镉

建立了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中镉含量的分析方法。以1%磷酸二氢铵 1%硝酸镁的混合液为基体改进剂测定了茶叶中的镉,方法的回收率96.0%~103.0%,检出限为0.076ng/mL,测定结果令人满意。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定纸质食品包装材料中的痕量镉

建立了微波消解–石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定纸质食品包装材料中痕量镉的检验方法。样品经微波消解后,以硝酸镍为基体改进剂,试验确定了石墨炉原子吸收法测定镉的最佳仪器条件。镉的质量浓度在0～10μg/L与吸收峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.9997,检出限为0.025μg/L。将该法用于纸质食品包装材料中痕量镉的测定,并进行加标回收试验,回收率为96.0%～105.5%,相对标准偏差不大于4.4%(n=10)。     

累积进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地表水中痕量镉

采用累积进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定地表水中痕量镉,并讨论了几种基体改进剂对镉测定的影响。通过采用NH4NO3 PdCl2基体改进剂,提高了镉的灰化温度和灵敏度,用于地表水中痕量镉的直接测定,获得了满意的结果。方法的检出限低、灵敏度高,具有良好的精密度和准确度,分析步骤简单。在本实验条件下,检出限为0.06 ng/mL,加标回收率在96.0%~103%之间,相对标准偏差为3.4%~7.1%(n=6)。运用该法测定了湖州笤溪水中镉的含量为0.20μg/L。     

平台及基体改进效应石墨炉原子吸收测定尿中镉

为研究工业环境中镉对人体的危害,迄今为止都以尿中镉含量的多少来诊断其受害程度。然而尿基体复杂多变,严重干扰ppb级镉的测定,所以一直是临床分析工作者所要研究解决的课题。石墨炉原子吸收法测定尿中镉,多采用平台原子化、基体改进剂及表面活性剂等方法。平台原子化和基体改进剂在方便性和数据的稳定性方面都是可取的。氟化铵和硝酸铵作为基体改进剂可使稀释一倍的尿样中尿素、柠檬酸钠、肌酸酐等所产生的     

洛阳牡丹花中营养元素和有害元素含量分析

为了提供洛阳牡丹花能否作为蔬菜食用的科学依据,采用原子吸收法测定了洛阳红、胡红、凤丹3个品种的牡丹花中钙、铁、锰、锌、铜、铅、镉元素含量。结果表明,洛阳红、胡红、凤丹花中含有丰富的营养元素钙、锰、铁;金属元素铜、锌含量在国家食品卫生限量标准内,有害元素铅、镉含量超出了国家限量标准。从微量元素含量的角度来评价,食用洛阳红、胡红、凤丹牡丹花,存在对人体健康产生危害的风险。测定结果的RSD为0.07%～16.1%,精密度高,可靠。     

Rhizobacteria in Mycorrhizosphere Improved Plant Health and Yield of Banana by Offering Proper Nourishment and Protection against Diseases

The corporate R&D banana orchards of Musa paradisiaca (dwarf Cavendish AAA, var. shrimanti) on a medium black alluvial soil with low nutrients harboured diversified species of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. These fungi infected the roots severely (69.2%), showed elevated (69.8 g(-1) soil) spore density, increased soil bacterial density (245 x 10(8) cfu g(-1)), produced siderophores (58.2%) and reduced nematode population (2.3 g(-1)) in the mycorrhizosphere of plants for integrated plant nutrition management (IPNM) system as compared to traditional treatment of applying chemical fertilisers alone and other test treatments. The interactions of plant roots with native VAM and local and applied rhizobacteria in the matrix of soil conditioner enabled proper nourishment and protection of crop in IPNM treatment as compared to traditional way. Hence, exploitation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria through judiciously designed IPNM system revealed the (a) relatively increased banana productivity (21.6%, 76 MT ha(-1)), (b) least occurrence of fusarial wilt and negligible evidence of Sigatoka, (c) saving of 50% chemical fertilisers and (d) permitted control over soil fertility in producer's favour over traditional cultivation practices. These findings are discussed in detail.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.