Complexity factor for charged spherical system

In this paper, we study the complexity factor for a charged anisotropic self-gravitating object. We formulate the Einstein–Maxwell field equations, Tolman–Opphenheimer–Volkoff equation, and the mass function. We form the structure scalars by the orthogonal splitting of the Riemann tensor and then find the complexity factor with the help of these scalars. Finally, we investigate some astrophysical objects for the vanishing of complexity condition. It is found that the presence of the electromagnetic field decreases the complexity of the system.     

Laser system using a spherical pumping reflector

A solid state laser has been developed which employs a spherical pumping cavity. The rod of the active medium (ruby, neodymium, etc.) and the flash tube are symmetrically placed with respect to a plane passing through the centre of the sphere. With Nd³⁺-doped glass an efficiency of 3% is obtained.     

微小型球形飞行器飞行控制系统设计

根据微小型球形飞行器的结构特点和工作原理,设计了一套基于ARM Cortex-M3 STM32F103RBT6微控制器的飞行控制系统,进行了主要模块的功能设计与性能分析,给出了研究结论与选型依据,还设计并完成了姿态传感器两轴转台实验和飞行器室内飞行试验。测试结果表明,该控制系统的姿态传感器姿态测量精度高,能够为飞行控制提供姿态参考信息;飞行器能够圆满实现空中悬停、低空机动等飞行动作,且空中飞行姿态稳定、实时、可靠。该飞行控制系统功能可靠、性能稳定,能够较好地满足微小型球形飞行器的飞行控制要求,具有一定的实用性与扩展性。     

Synchrotron radiation of a system with spherical symmetry

Generalized expressions are obtained for the power of synchrotron radiation of both charged and uncharged systems with charge distribution having spherical symmetry. The distribution is considered arbitrary in the radial direction.Tomsk Polytechnic Institute. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 9, pp. 12–15, September, 1993.     

激光共焦球面元件姿态自动调整系统

为解决激光差动共焦元件参数测量系统中人工调整元件姿态效率低、重复性差的问题，研制了激光共焦球面元件姿态自动调整系统。基于共焦原理，建立了元件失调量与电动四维调整机构调整量关系的数学模型，并根据CCD探测器实时获取的光斑位置信号分析出被测件的姿态信息，结合闭环反馈控制算法实现姿态自动调整。利用电动四维调整机构搭建了自动调整实验装置，实验结果表明:研制的电动调整机构平移调整分辨力达到0.5 μm，倾斜调整分辨力达到8″；调整系统能够快速、稳定地将被测件姿态失调量调至误差范围内，有效提高调整重复性及效率，对激光差动共焦测量系统实现全自动球面元件参数检测格外重要。     

球面阵列LED太阳模拟器光学系统设计

针对氙灯太阳模拟器光电转换效率低、寿命短、辐照强度低,均匀性差等不足,基于LED太阳模拟器光学系统,提出了一种球面阵列LED太阳模拟器光学系统,包括准直光学系统、匀光系统以及光源系统的设计方法。利用同轴透射式光学系统技术设计了双分离结构的准直光学系统, 在分析比较常用匀光系统的性能与组成形式的基础上,阐述积分器与视场光阑的设计过程, 然后基于球面光源的设计思想完成光源系统的设计, 利用LightTools光学设计软件对LED太阳模拟器光学系统进行仿真分析与验证。实验结果表明:球面阵列LED太阳模拟器在工作距离100 mm,输出辐照面积为100 mm×100 mm范围内,其辐照强度大于1 100 W/m2,辐照不均匀度优于3.86%。     

Gravitational settling of a highly concentrated system of solid spherical particles

In the present paper, we report on the results of an experimental study of the process of gravity sedimentation of a cloud of monodispersed solid spherical particles with initial volume concentration C > 0.03, which was performed in a wide range of Reynolds numbers. An analytical estimate of the settling regimes of spherical particle clouds is presented. A new method for creating a spherical particle cloud with a high concentration of particles is proposed. A qualitative picture of the settling process of a highly concentrated particle cloud under gravity is revealed. A criterial dependence for the drag coefficient of a sedimenting spherical particle cloud as an entity is obtained.     

The second-order polarizability of a spherical system near a metal surface

The long range electromagnetic interactions between a spherical atom and a metal surface affects the non-linear response properties of the spherical system. As an example it is shown that, even in the absence of any electron overlap, a physisorbed atom acquires a non-zero second order non-linear polarizability tensor. Numerical estimations of this effect are performed for various atom-metal systems.     

Calculation of the electrostatic field of a system of spherical segments

The electrostatic potential distribution is determined for a system of axisymmetric electrodes in the form of nonconcentric spherical segments.     

球面折射系统和复合厚透镜的分数傅里叶变换

提出单球面折射系统可以作为光学分数傅里叶变换的最基本单元。在此基础上可以构造多种厚透镜或复合厚透镜分数傅里叶变换系统。推导了系统结构参数与分数傅里叶变换的级次的关系。指出单球面折射系统及其构造的透镜系统对输入物函数的分数傅里叶变换输出可以位于自由空间,也可在球面折射材料内部或折射材料端面。输出平面位置的灵活性及其构造复杂系统的多样性,对于分数傅里叶变换的应用和光学信息处理必定具有潜在的实用价值。     

SUNIST球形托卡马克的外加n=1磁场系统

为在SUNIST球形托卡马克上进行MHD不稳定性控制研究,建立了一套外加n=1径向磁场系统。此径向磁场系统的电源能确保在1ms内达到电流峰值并维持3ms以上的电流平台,并且有快速关断功能。测试表明,此套径向磁场系统可以稳定可靠地提供在真空室中心产生以n=1模式为主的径向磁场,为开展控制MHD不稳定性研究奠定了基础。     

球面参考光预放大数字全息成像系统分辨力

为了提高数字全息成像系统的成像分辨力,对以球面波作为参考光波的预放大数字全息成像系统的记录和再现过程进行了理论推导,得出了该系统的脉冲响应表达式,并由此分析了决定该系统成像分辨力的因素。在CCD成像分辨力高于显微物镜分辨力的情况下,通过对分辨力测试板进行实验,讨论了系统分辨力与记录距离的关系。结果表明：再现像的分辨力对记录距离不敏感;但在记录距离为零,即像面数字全息系统下,再现像具有更高的分辨力。实验结果与理论分析一致。     

Nonlinear optical properties of a D system in a spherical quantum dot

The nonlinear optical properties of a D⁻ system confined in a spherical quantum dot represented by a Gaussian confining potential are studied. The great advantage of our methodology is that the model potential possesses the finite height and range. Calculations are carried out by using the method of numerical diagonalization of Hamiltonian matrix within the effective-mass approximation. We calculate the linear, third-order nonlinear and total optical absorption coefficients under the density matrix formalism. Numerical results for GaAs − Ga_1 − xAl_xAs QDs are presented. Our results show that the optical absorption coefficients in a spherical QD are much larger than their values for GaAs quantum wells. It is found that optical absorptions are strongly affected not only the confinement barrier height, dot radius, the electron-impurity interaction but also the position of the impurity.     

球坐标中三维各向同性谐振子的类经典态

把坐标平均值随时间的变化和在宏观条件下与经典解相同的量子态定义为类经典态(NCS), 并求解球坐标中三维各向同性谐振子的NCS问题, 有助于从波动力学角度理解量子到经典过渡的问题. 选与经典态相应的大量子数附近的矩形波包作为NCS, 得到与经典解一致的结果, 但NCS不是惟一的. 一个经典态可以有很多NCS与之对应, 就像一个热力学态可以有无数力学态与之对应一样, 从量子到经典的描述是一个粗粒化和信息丢失的过程.     

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求出均匀外电场作用下三层球状纳米系统电子的能量和波函数，讨论了外电场和样品线度对斯塔克能级移动的影响. 关键词： CdS/HgS/CdS球状纳米系统 斯塔克效应 能量和波函数     

Generation of a novel spherical chaotic attractor from a new three-dimensional system

A new three-dimensional （3D） system is constructed and a novel spherical chaotic attractor is generated from the system. Basic dynamical behaviors of the chaotic system are investigated respectively. Novel spherical chaotic attractors can be generated from the system within a wide range of parameter values. The shapes of spherical chaotic attractors can be impacted by the variation of parameters. Finally, a simpler 3D system and a more complex 3D system with the same capability of generating spherical chaotic attractors are put forward respectively.     

An experimental investigation of nonresonance photon accumulation in a system of spherical mirrors

A new, nonresonant approach to photon accumulation in a system of two spherical mirrors is demonstrated experimentally. A high accumulation coefficient is obtained experimentally, and sufficient efficiency of this technique for application in such areas as spectroscopy, photochemistry, and photon neutralization of negative-ion beams is demonstrated. The photon accumulation efficiency is determined mainly by mirror reflectivity. It is nearly independent of the quality of the coupled-in radiation and does not require very high precision in aligning optical elements. The experimentally obtained data agree with theoretical calculations.     

球面参考光预放大数字全息成像系统分辨力

为了提高数字全息成像系统的成像分辨力,对以球面波作为参考光波的预放大数字全息成像系统的记录和再现过程进行了理论推导,得出了该系统的脉冲响应表达式,并由此分析了决定该系统成像分辨力的因素。在CCD成像分辨力高于显微物镜分辨力的情况下,通过对分辨力测试板进行实验,讨论了系统分辨力与记录距离的关系。结果表明:再现像的分辨力对记录距离不敏感;但在记录距离为零,即像面数字全息系统下,再现像具有更高的分辨力。实验结果与理论分析一致。     

部分相干椭球光笼

 从理论上研究部分相干光束经透镜聚焦的三维光强分布。研究结果表明,在几何焦点附近的光强分布不仅依赖于入射部分相干光束的光强分布,而且还依赖于入射光束的空间相干度。基于这一点,提出了一种控制部分相干光束的空间相干度,在几何焦点附近获得了类似椭球光笼形状的光强分布的新方法。通过控制入射部分相干光的空间相干度,来改变聚焦在几何焦点附近的三维光强分布,从而获得希望得到的光强分布。