高效液相色谱法测定生物除臭剂中4种有机酸

生物除臭剂常用于降解垃圾、养殖场等臭源中的有机物质.该制剂是由沙果、树叶、粮草等发酵制得,pH在2.5～3.2之间,其除臭机理是由于含有柠檬酸、乳酸等,其中的活性基团羧基可吸收氨及有机胺等臭气.生物除臭剂酿造过程中各有机酸及其存在形态是评价发酵工艺的重要指标.因此,测定生物除臭剂中有机酸的含量对于评价该产品的质量以及完善该产品的工艺有重要意义.用于有机酸分析的方法很多,滴定法常用于总酸的测定[1];薄层色谱法[2]只能半定量和定性;气相色谱法需要衍生处理,准确度较低,难以用于热稳定性差和含量极低的水溶液中有机酸的分析[3];酶法[4]每次只能测定一种有机酸;离子色谱法对样品处理要求苛刻.本试验采用高效液相色谱法测定生物除臭剂中4种有机酸.     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法测定生脉注射液中五味子酯甲的含量

1　引　　言生脉注射液由红参、麦冬、五味子等药组成 ,具有益气养阴、复脉固脱功效。主要用于治疗气阴两亏、脉虚欲脱的心悸、气短、四肢厥冷、脉欲绝、心肌梗塞、心源性休克及感染性休克等疾病。五味子有敛肺、滋肾、生津和涩精等功能 ,是常用中药之一 ,其乙醇提取物可用于治肺虚、喘咳、梦遗、滑精、久泻久痢等。毛细管电泳是近年发展起来的高效、快速、微量的分离分析新技术 ,在药物分析中得到了广泛应用。目前生脉注射液中五味子醇甲含量已由HPLC法测定 ;而生脉注射液中五味子酯甲含量的测定未见文献报道。本实验建立了MEKC测定生…     

盐化-减压浓缩-高效液相色谱法测定酱香白酒中乳酸和乙酸的含量北大核心CSCD

酱香白酒是中国最受欢迎的白酒之一,其中的两种有机酸乳酸与乙酸对白酒口 感的 影响较为强烈,一直是行业研究的热点。目前,白酒中有机酸的分析方法主要有高效液相色谱法[1-2]、气相色谱-质谱法[3-4]和离子色谱法[5]等。相较于其他香型白酒,酱香白酒的酒精度数大多在53°左右,含有更多种类的风味物质[6-7],这些复杂的物质与较高的酒精度数会给乳酸和乙酸的定量分析产生干扰。因此,在定量分析时往往需要对酒样进行适当的前处理。     

五味子优良品种优选的模式识别方法

通过超高效液相色谱法,对不同生长特征的五味子样品中5种主要的木脂素成分:五味子醇甲、五味子醇乙、五味子酯甲、五味子甲素和五味子乙素进行测定,同时考察其抗氧化活性。 对所得到的5种木脂素成分的含量及抗氧化数据进行聚类分析和主成分分析,并且通过逐步判别分析建立判别函数,从而筛选五味子优良品种。 主成分分析和聚类结果基本一致,均将样品分为3大类,逐步判别分析的正确率高达90%。     

梯度洗脱色谱法同时测定康糖片中盐酸小檗咸、黄芩苷、格列本脲的含量

康糖片是治疗糖尿病的中西药复方制剂,主要由盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷、格列本脲等组成.其中的单组分含量测定方法报道较多,如盐酸小檗碱有分光光度法[1]、薄层色谱法[2]、高效液相色谱法[3]等;黄芩苷有比色法[4]、薄层色谱法[5];格列本脲有高效液相色谱法[6].但同时测定上述3种组分的方法未见报道.本文报道了同时测定上述3种组分的高效液相色谱方法,方法简单、灵敏、回收率高、专属性强,能有效地控制药品的主成分含量,具有较强的实用价值.     

满山香中的联苯环辛二烯木脂素

满山香[Schisandra propinqua(Wall.)Hook.f.et Thoms]为五味子科植物,云南民间代五味子药用^[1],由于从五味子科植物中已分离到不少保肝降酶,抗艾滋病毒,抗癌和PAF拮抗等活性成分,其研究受到重视^[2-4],主含满山香根和提取物的复方注射液曾在云南省几所医院临床用于治疗肺癌,但其研究仅分离鉴定了两个三萜 酸([2],为进一步寻找有效成分,我们对满山香茎藤进行了研究,从中分得8种联苯环辛二烯木脂素,经波谱和分析鉴定它们的结构为：acetylgomisin R(1) angeloylgomisin R(2),gomisinA(3),gomisin B(4),gomisinN(5),gomisinO(6),6-O-benzoylgomosin O(7)和Schisantherin A(8),1为新化合物,2系首次从五味子属植物中分得,其它均为首次从满山香中分得。     

低压离子色谱法分析茶水中的无机离子

1　引言离子色谱法在环境监测、食品、医药等领域都有重要用途[1 ] 。本实验室提出了低压离子色谱法[2 ,3] ,它可以在 1 .96～ 2 .94× 1 0 5Ｐａ(约 30～40ｐｓｉ)的低压下分析碱金属、ＮＨ+4、碱土金属、过渡金属阳离子、无机阴离子和有机酸根。仪器使用简单方便 ,实现了低压高效。茶叶成分及含量的研究正日益受到人们重视 ,有关资料表明[4] :细胞体液中 ,高浓度的Ｋ+才能使核糖体获得最大活性 ;Ｍｇ2 +是多种酶的激活剂 ,在机体中对蛋白质的合成、葡萄糖的氧化和细胞膜能量转换都是不可缺少的 ;磷素有“生命化学调控中心”之称 ,体内的磷…     

含钕聚合物的制备及荧光性质

用复分解的方法制备了辛酸钕[Nd(OCA)_3]和甲基丙烯酸钕[Nd(MAA)_3];将它们分别加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸的混合体系,聚合后得到交联的[含Nd(MAA)_3]和非交联的[含有Nd(OCA)_3]二种聚合物。研究了上述钕的有机酸盐和二种含钕聚合物的荧光性质。     

透明质酸酶的色氨酸残基修饰与荧光光谱研究

北五味子[Schisandra chinensis（Turcz．）Baill．]属广义木兰科植物,主产于我国东北,故又称“辽五味”,中药五味子的主要药材为北五味子的干燥果实,作为一种传统中药,五味子具有收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心的功效,用于肺喘虚咳,心悸失眠诸病。     

HPLC法测定苦参碱葡萄糖注射液中苦参碱的含量

苦参碱是一种生物碱 ,是豆科植物苦参的主要有效成分之一 ,其药理作用在临床表现显著 ,具有抗病原微生物、抗肿瘤、抗炎症、抗过敏、平喘等作用[1 ] 。近年来对苦参碱的测定方法有薄层扫描法、气相色谱法、高效电泳法、高效液相色谱法等[2 ] ,但有关苦参碱葡萄糖注射液中的苦参碱含量分析未见报道。本文采用高效液相色谱法建立了苦参碱葡萄糖注射液中苦参碱含量测定方法 ,避免了葡萄糖分解 ,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法之一。1　实验部分1 1　仪器与试剂高效液相色谱仪 (Ａｇｉｌｅｎｔ 1 1 0 0液相色谱系统 ,包括紫外检测器、四元梯度泵、…     

离子排斥色谱法同时测定果汁中11种有机酸

 用离子排斥色谱法实现了对果汁中 11种有机酸 (草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、抗坏血酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、甲酸、乙酸、戊二酸、富马酸 )的分离测定。以 17mmol/L硫酸为淋洗液 ,样品在ICE ION 30 0离子排斥柱上分离后 ,用紫外检测器在 2 10nm处测定其中的有机酸。各组分质量浓度测定的相对标准偏差在 1.5 %～ 9.8% (n =10 )。     

逐级提取-高效液相色谱法快速测定植物组织中8种有机酸

针对植物组织中草酸存在的不同形态,建立了水和稀盐酸作为提取介质的逐级提取方法,获得了水溶态和酸溶态草酸及乙醇酸、乙醛酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸等有机酸。采用Hypersil ODS (200 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)色谱柱,以5 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾水溶液(pH 2.8)作为流动相,在进样量5 μL、检测波长210 nm、柱温30 ℃的条件下,通过分时段控制流速实现了8种有机酸的快速分离,同时去除了盐酸对酸溶态草酸测定的干扰。本方法精确灵敏、回收率高、重复性好,可应用于实际样品的测定分析。     

Determination of organic acids in alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

A procedure for the quantification of 9 organic acids, acetic, formic, citric, tartaric, lactic, malic, succinic, oxalic, and fumaric, in alcoholic and alcohol-free beverages by reversed-phase HPLC on a Pronto-SIL C18 AQ (300 × 3 mm) column (3 μm) with the mobile phase 5 mM Li₂SO₄ (pH 3.00, H₂SO₄) at the rate 0.5 mL/min and conductometry detection. The analytical ranges made 5–200 mg/L for tartaric, malic, lactic and acetic acids, 2–200 mg/L for the citric and fumaric, 10–400 mg/L for succinic, 15–400 for oxalic, and 20–200 for the formic acids, and so the detection limits: 1 mg/L for tartaric, formic, malic and fumaric, 2 mg/L for lactic, acetic and citric, 5 mg/L for succinic, and 10 mg/L for oxalic acids. The analysis of alcoholic beverages takes 30–40 min, and of non-alcoholic ones, 20–30 min; the standard deviation of the results of analyses does not exceed 5%.     

Ion-exclusion chromatography determination of organic acid in uridine 5'-monophosphate fermentation broth

Simultaneous determination of organic acids using ion-exclusion liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection is described. The chromatographic conditions are optimized when an Aminex HPX-87H column (300 × 7.8 mm) is employed, with a solution of 3 mmol/L sulfuric acid as eluent, a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and a column temperature of 60°C. Eight organic acids (including orotic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, citric acid, pyruvic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid and acetic acid) and one nucleotide are successfully quantified. The calibration curves for these analytes are linear, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.999. The average recovery of organic acids is in the range of 97.6% ～ 103.1%, and the relative standard deviation is in the range of 0.037% ～ 0.38%. The method is subsequently applied to obtain organic acid profiles of uridine 5'-monophosphate culture broth fermented from orotic acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These data demonstrate the quantitative accuracy for nucleotide fermentation mixtures, and suggest that the method may also be applicable to other biological samples.     

高效液相色谱法测定铬超富集植物李氏禾根系分泌物中的有机酸

建立了高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定Cr超富集植物李氏禾根系分泌物中低相对分子质量有机酸的分析方法。采用XSelect HSS T3色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,Waters）,以40 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾-磷酸缓冲溶液（pH=2.40）作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,在波长205 nm处检测。该方法在13 min内简便快速地分离出8种有机酸（草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、甲酸、乙酸、马来酸和柠檬酸）,且峰形良好。有机酸的检出限（LOD）为0.12~12.32 mg/L;草酸的加标回收率为73.15%,其他有机酸的加标回收率为94.54%~109.98%。李氏禾的根系分泌物中各有机酸含量分别为酒石酸（130.90±1.44）μg/g（根干重）、苹果酸（1031.34±4.38）μg/g（根干重）、乳酸（65.54±1.01）μg/g（根干重）、马来酸（0.96000±0.00367）μg/g（根干重）和柠檬酸（201.50±1.13）μg/g（根干重）。该方法简便快速,灵敏可靠,适用于植物根系分泌物样品中有机酸的测定。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱-间接紫外检测法测定糖蜜酒精废液中的有机酸

建立了一种利用胶束电动毛细管色谱-间接紫外检测法同时测定丙二酸、甲酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、乙酸、乳酸和谷氨酸的新方法。以7.5 mmol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾-1.5 mmol/L十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(用0.1 mol/L氢氧化钠调pH至6.50)混合液作为电泳介质,检测波长为300 nm,参比波长为210 nm,未涂层弹性石英毛细管(50 μm i.d.×64 cm)为分离通道,在6 min内实现了9种酸的完全分离。9种有机酸的浓度与其峰面积在一定的范围呈良好的线性关系,检出限均低于1.5 mg/L,迁移时间和峰面积的日内、日间相对标准偏差均小于6%。该法用于糖蜜酒精废液中有机酸的测定,结果令人满意,9种有机酸的样品加标回收率均在93%以上。     

Determination of Organic Acids in Apple and Cider by Liquid Chromatography with ordinary and narrow-bore columns. A Comparative Study

Abstract

Two narrow-bore columns packed with octadecylsilane of various particle sizes were used to compare their efficiency for the separation of organic acids in apple and cider with that of ordinary columns. The best simultaneous resolution of quinic, malic, shikimic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acid was accomplished by using a 100 × 2.1 mm ID, 3-μm Spherisorb ODS-2 column and a phosphate buffer as the mobile phase. This chromatographic system provided a separation efficiency comparable to that afforded by an ordinary 250 × 4.6 mm ID, 5-μm Spherisorb ODS-2 column, plus greater rapidity (30%) and economy, all of which allowed the accurate, precise determination (CV=3%) of the above-mentioned compounds. Finally, the performance of an ordinary UV detector and that of a rapid spectral detector in this type of determination were critically compared.     

淋洗液自动发生-离子色谱法同时测定食品中的21种有机酸

建立了一种利用离子色谱法同时测定样品中奎尼酸、乙酸、丙酮酸、草酰乙酸、甘露酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、草酸、富马酸、抗坏血酸、α-酮戊二酸、肉桂酸、水杨酸、柠檬酸、异柠檬酸、阿魏酸、顺乌头酸、反乌头酸、β-香豆酸等21种有机酸的方法。样品经提取、脱色、过滤后用IonPac AS11分离柱分离,以EG40自动淋洗液发生器生成的5~34 mmol/L KOH为淋洗液洗脱,抑制电导检测器检测。21种有机酸的浓度与其峰面积在一定的范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限均低于0.188 mg/L,加标回收率为91.5%~101.8%。该法用于多种食物样品中有机酸的测定,结果令人满意。     

Potentiometric determination of the total acidity and concentration of citric acid in wines

The method of potentiometric titration with a copper electrode is used for the determination of the total acidity and concentration of citric acid (CA) in identifying the adulteration of wines. The procedure is suitable for the determination of citric acid in wines in the range from 0.1 to 3.5 g/L in the presence of 30-fold amounts of tartaric, acetic, malic, succinic acids and a 10-fold amount of oxalic acid after the separation of organic carboxylic acids on an AV-17-8 anion exchanger. The procedure was developed and certified for the potentiometric determination of the mass fraction of citric acid in table wines and wine materials with an error not exceeding 20%. The criteria (mass fraction of citric acid, the percentage of citric acid in the total acidity, and the shape of the curves of potentiometric titration) were proposed for revealing the adulteration of the acid composition of wines.     

Flow injection on-line dialysis coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of some organic acids in wine

A combined system of flow injection on-line dialysis sample pretreatment and high performance liquid chromatographic separation/detection (FID-HPLC) was developed for simultaneous determination of six organic acids (tartaric, malic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acids). A sample or mixed standard solution (400 μL) was injected into a donor stream (water) of FID system and was pushed further through a dialysis cell, while an acceptor solution (water) was held in the opposite side of the dialysis membrane. The dialysate containing organic acids in the acceptor solution was then flowed to an injection loop of the HPLC valve, where it was further injected into the HPLC system and analysed under normal HPLC conditions, using a reversed-phase (C₁₈) analytical column and UV detection (210 nm). The order of elution was tartaric, malic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acids with the analysis time of 8 min. The FID system could be operated in parallel with HPLC separation, providing sample throughput of 7.5 h⁻¹. Dialysis efficiencies of six organic acids were in range of 4.6-9.5%. Calibration graphs for all the mentioned organic acids were linear over the range of 250-7500 mg L⁻¹. Precisions for all the organic acids were within 5.4%. The proposed system was successfully applied for analysis of some Thai wines. By spiking wine samples with mixed acid standard solutions, the percentage recoveries in range of 84-104 were found. This system has advantages of fast and high degrees of automation for dialysis sample pretreatment, on-line sample separation and dilution, good clean-up for prolongation of life-time of the HPLC column and low consumption of chemicals and materials.