低渗透油藏聚合物强化泡沫调剖剂

为改善某低渗透油田的水驱开发效果,开展了聚合物强化氮气泡沫调剖提高采收率研究.根据该油田的地质油藏条件,建立典型地质概念模型,地质模型能够比较完整地反映地层静态状况和井网条件.对聚合物强化泡沫调剖注采参数进行了优化设计.研究结果表明,聚合物强化氮气泡沫调剖最佳注采参数为:聚合物分子量为800万,聚合物浓度为1000mg/L,最佳泡沫剂浓度为0.25%(质量分数),气液比为1:1.     

稠油油藏提高采收率技术数值模拟研究

渤海地区具有十分丰富的稠油资源,其油藏储层胶结疏松、渗透率高、非均质性严重并且边底水活跃,水驱采收率较低.因此,必须采取调剖、堵水和降黏组合技术措施来进行稠油开发,与其它稠油开发措施相比较,稠油乳化降黏技术具有操作简便和经济性好等优点,其中强化分散体系由于其良好的乳化降黏性以及简易的注入工艺受到石油科技工作者的高度重视.为使稠油乳化降黏技术尽快投入矿场试验,针对渤海普通稠油油藏开发实际需求,以油藏工程理论为指导,以数值模拟方法为技术手段,以正交试验原理安排实验,以A油田B1井组为试验平台,对比了不同开发方式对目标井组开发效果的影响.结果表明,单独注入强化分散体系4个月以上增油效果要好于单独调剖,而调剖与注强化分散体系联合作用效果要明显高于单独调剖与单独注强化分散体系之和,达到了"1+1"大于2的功效;高低浓度注入优于单一浓度段塞;水井调剖和油井堵水会明显增加强化分散体系增油有效期和增油量,推荐水井采取"调剖+强化分散体系高低浓度交替注入"组合措施,油井采取"堵水+强化分散体系吞吐"组合措施。     

应用模糊综合评判方法优选非均质油藏调剖井和层

通过注水保持油层压力的方法开发非均质油藏,不可避免会造成油井含水或部分油井水淹.注入水窜入油井时,不管低渗透层是否受到开发,大部分注入水进入到高渗透层,因而使低渗透层在开发过程中采油速度很慢,或是基本未投入生产.为了降低产水量,保持或提高采油量,必须对已开发的非均质油藏实施相应的堵水调剖措施,防止注入水沿高渗透带水锥突进到油井,影响水驱采收率.本文建立了应用模糊综合评判方法优选非均质油藏调剖井和层的数学模型,通过实例分析表明,运用综合评判方法优选调剖井和层是一种客观有效的方法,该评价方法计算方便,易于操作和推广.     

稠油油藏高温盐析调剖的孔渗表征方法研究

深层高温油藏在开采过程中,由于近井地带压力变化剧烈,地层水蒸发致使结晶盐析出,进而导致储层孔隙度、渗透率降低.为研究稠油油藏高温盐析调剖的孔渗变化规律,根据盐类溶解/沉淀原理及储层孔隙度渗透率关系和填砂管模型高温盐析实验结果,建立了考虑地层水蒸发、水中氯化钠析出和储层孔渗变化的综合盐析模型.研究结果表明:随着堵剂注入量...     

污水中不同含聚浓度对聚合物驱油效果影响研究

M区块应用聚合物驱技术提高采收率.应用数值模拟方法进行历史拟合,在此基础上,针对700万分子量抗盐聚合物和2500万分子量聚合物,分别设计了3种不同含聚浓度聚驱方案,进行污水中不同含聚浓度对聚驱效果影响研究.结果表明,对于700万分子量抗盐聚合物和2500万分子量聚合物单一段塞聚驱方案,两种分子量下均为污水中含聚浓度越大,采收率越高,当含聚浓度为400mg/L时,采收率最高,分别比水驱提高了11.37%和11.03%;且当污水中含聚浓度相同时,700万抗盐聚合物驱油效果好于2500万聚合物.     

识别非均质油田无效注采井和层的数学模型

多层砂岩油藏注水开发后期,在油水井之间形成了储层高渗透通道,导致注入水沿高渗透通道做无效循环,油井产量下降.为改善注入水驱油效果,必须对无效注采井层实施调剖、堵水等措施,而有效识别无效注采井层是解决问题的关键.优选出了识别无效注采油水井和无效注采层位的判定指标,并建立了用于识别无效注采油水井和无效注采层位的模糊综合评判数学模型.     

平行双射流场纳米颗粒的形成与凝聚的研究

对平行双射流中H2SO4蒸气扩散进行了大涡模拟,给出了硫酸/水系统成核生成纳米颗粒及颗粒的凝聚过程中颗粒的分布特性,分析了燃料中硫的浓度、环境相对湿度以及射流Reynolds数对于颗粒浓度和粒径分布的影响．结果表明,硫酸/水系统会成核生成大量的纳米颗粒,在双管射流的中间和射流场周围,颗粒具有较高的浓度;颗粒的凝聚过程使颗粒的数量减少、直径变大;随着硫的浓度的增加,流场中的颗粒浓度有明显增加,而成核后形成的颗粒直径减小;环境湿度和Reynolds数的增大,有利于成核过程,因而导致形成更多的颗粒．     

双向弹簧夹层假定的弹性地基上双层板的解

建立了轴对称条件下,层间有双向弹簧夹层的弹性地基上双层板力学模型,应用Hankel(汉克尔)变换法推演得到了任意轴对称荷载作用下的Winkler(文克勒)地基、双参数地基和弹性半空间体地基上无限大双层板的一般解析解,给出了双层板的挠度、弯矩、剪力,以及层间反力和位移的计算公式.进而,利用该力学模型的解,分析了层间条件对双层板挠度、弯矩的影响规律,计算了上、下层板的中性轴位置,讨论了层间双向弹簧系数的取值方法.结果表明:1)随着层间竖向弹簧参数增大,上层板挠度和弯曲应力减小,下层板挠度和弯曲应力增大;随着层间水平摩阻参数增大,上、下层板的挠度和弯矩均减小;2)当双层板的剪切和压缩效应系数分别取2/3,3/5时,双层板的剪切和压缩效应可较好地被考虑;3)上、下层板的中性轴位置是变化的,它随着距荷载圆中心点的距离增大而向上、下层板各自中面趋近.     

基于模糊综合评判法的优势渗流通道定量识别方法研究

目前我国大多数油田已进入高含水期,油水井间的优势渗流通道普遍发育,严重制约了油田采收率的提高.如何有效识别优势渗流通道已成为改善注入水驱油效果的关键.基于模糊综合评判法,将油水井动静态资料相结合建立评价模型,利用综合评判指数对优势渗流通道进行识别,并建立出量化标准.应用注采动态关联分析法对所建立的评价模型及标准进行验证,并对某区块油藏进行优势渗流通道识别判断,识别效果较好.评价方法资料获取难度低,计算方便,易于操作和推广,能够为油田后期深度调驱或井网调整提供理论依据.     

基于内变量理论的电流变液本构关系

研究了电流变液的微结构本构关系.其理论框架是基于内变量理论和机理的分析.电流变液是由高介电常数的颗粒悬浮在某种液体中组成的.在电场作用下,极化的颗粒将沿着电场方向聚集在一起形成链状结构.颗粒聚集体的大小和方向将随外加电场和应变率的变化进行调整,因而可以通过建立起能量守恒方程和力平衡方程来确定颗粒聚集体的大小和方向的变化.那么,一个三维的、清晰的本构关系可以由相互作用能和系统的耗散能导出.具体考虑和讨论了在简单剪切载荷作用下的系统响应,发现电流变液的切变剪薄粘滞系数同系统Mason数之间近似于幂指数∝(Mn)-082的关系.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].