非等间距GM(1,1)模型的改进与应用

将累积法引入非等间距GM(1,1)模型,得到累积法非等间距GM(1,1)模型.为了减少模型的滞后误差,引入一种可优化的背景值构造方法,将其代入累积法非等间距GM(1,1)模型的离散化方程,推导出可作为预测值计算公式的递推式,用来取代传统的白化响应式.结果分析表明累积法在非等间距模型中的应用效果良好,模型的拟合与预测精度都很高.     

基于等间距化的非等间距灰色GM(1,1)模型及优化

针对现有非等间距GM(1,1)模型存在的不足,借鉴分段线性插值将非等间距序列等间距化的思想,以非等间距的方法建立了一种新的非等间距GM(1,1)模型,模型不需计算插值数据,可直接利用原始数据建模.然后通过赋予原始数据下标序列变换系数,利用平均模拟相对误差最小的原则确定各参数,建立优化后的非等间距GM(1,1)模型.最后通过算例测试和应用实例表明提出模型的有效性和可行性.     

同时优化背景值和灰导数的新非等间距GM(1,1)模型

结合GM(1,1)的建模过程,提出了以原始序列的一次累加生成序列为背景值的非等间距序列GM(1,1)模型的最原始形式;并基于灰模型的非齐次指数特性和求导的定义,从灰导数在离散点的生成出发,同时优化最原始的非等间距灰微分方程的灰导数和背景值,并建立新非等间距灰模型;新模型不仅提高了灰模型的拟合精度和预测精度,且拓宽了GM(1,1)的适用范围.     

变参数非等间距GM(1,1)模型及应用

在对非等间距序列建模时,考虑到序列本身的特点,结合GM(1,1)模型的建模过程,提出了一种对非等间距序列建立变参数GM(1,1)模型的方法,并将其应用于具体实例进行分析,计算结果表明本文提出的方法具有较高的精度,从而为解决非等间距序列的拟合及预测问题提供了一种比较好的思路.     

逐步优化灰导数的非等间距GM(1,1)模型

利用前向差商和后向差商的加权平均值代替灰导数,对非等间距灰色预测模型进行了改进,给出了加权系数的估计公式,并采用逐步递推的方法优化参数,建立新的非等间距GM(1,1)模型.最后通过实例证明了新模型具有较高的精度.     

GM(1,1)的改进及其在经济发展预测中的应用

针对传统GM(1,1)在模型参数绝对值较大时参数求解精度较差的问题,采用免疫进化算法对其参数求解方法进行改进,然后将改进后的GM(1,1)应用到四川省的经济发展指标预测,并和采用传统GM(1,1)所得的预测结果进行了对照.结果表明,采用免疫进化算法对GM(1,1)参数求解方法的改进是有效的,改进后的GM(1,1)对四川省的经济发展指标预测结果比传统GM(1,1)的预测结果有明显改进。     

基于变权GM(1,1)组合模型的喀什GDP预测

利用离散GM(1,1)模型,新息GM(1,1)模型以及复合函数预测模型建立了一类变权重组合预测模型.并将该组合预测模型应用于喀什地区GDP预测,建立了喀什地区GDP的变权重GM(1,1)组合预测模型.计算结果表明变权GM(1,1)组合预测模型在时间序列数据的预测中具有一定的优势.     

基于蚁群算法的灰色组合预测模型

分别利用灰色GM(1,1)模型、GM(1,1)优化模型和新息GM(1,1)模型建立三个单项预测模型,进一步建立了组合灰色预测模型,组合模型的权系数利用蚁群算法确定.最后给出了一个我国人口数量组合预测模型,计算结果表明,基于蚁群算法的灰色组合预测模型的拟合和预测精度要优于传统组合预测模型.     

分数阶反向累加非等间距GM(1,1)模型及应用

针对非等间距递减序列的预测问题,首先构建了一阶反向累加非等间距GM(1,1)模型(简称为非等间距GOM(1,1)模型),并给出了模型参数的最小二乘解和可用于预测的离散时间响应式.为进一步提高模拟预测精度,利用分数阶累加思想,提出了分数阶非等间距GOM(1,1)模型.以平均模拟相对误差最小化为目标,建立非线性规划模型可求解得到最优阶数.最后,以数值模拟和钛合金疲劳强度随温度变化预测为例,证实了该文提出模型的有效性和实用性.     

灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的改进及应用

应用自动寻优定权的方法和最小二乘法,研究了灰色系统理论中灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的预测公式的形成过程,发现灰色预测GM(1,1)模型在形成预测公式时对背景值和初始值的规定是不尽合理的,且现有的改进方法对灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的改进还不尽完善.为了提高灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的预测精度,提出并使用自动寻优定权对背景值进行选择,基于最小二乘法原理对灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的初始值进行改进.实例结果表明,提出的改进方法是有效和完善的,对灰色预测GM(1,1)模型的预测精度也有较大的提高.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

正~~     

Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].