结合数据场情感空间和混合蛙跳算法的连续语音情感变化趋势检测

针对现有的情感计算算法中存在着情感跟踪延迟的问题,且没有考虑到情感状态的连续性的情况,提出了一种结合数据场情感空间和混合蛙跳算法的连续语音情感变化趋势检测技术。首先构建数据场情感空间,利用情感特征量模拟数据场粒子,用势能函数描述粒子之间的相互作用。然后运用混合蛙跳算法技术,用青蛙个体来模拟情感状态变化过程中的情感特征量,得到情感变化的趋势。通过对变化趋势的分析,可以达到情感预测的目的。经实验证明,该算法性能比现有算法有较大改进。      

Multiple Multi-Qubit Quantum States Sharing

A multiple multi-qubit quantum states sharing scheme is proposed,in which the dealer can share multiple multi-qubit quantum states among the participants through only one distribution and one recovery.The dealer encodes the secret quantum states into a special entangled state,and then distributes the particles of the entangled state to the participants.The participants perform the single-particle measurements on their particles,and can cooperate to recover the multiple multi-qubit quantum states.Compared to the existing schemes,our scheme is more efficient and more flexible in practice.     

对利用动态光散射法测量颗粒粒径和液体黏度的改进

光散射技术通过测量悬浮液中布朗运动颗粒的平移扩散系数,得到颗粒流体力学直径或液体黏度.本文由单参数模型入手,建立了低颗粒浓度下,单颗粒平移扩散系数与颗粒集体平移扩散系数和颗粒浓度之间的线性依存关系并将其引入光散射法中,从而对现有的测量方法进行了改进.改进后的测量方法可实现纳米尺度球型颗粒标称直径的测量和液体黏度的绝对法测量.以聚苯乙烯颗粒+水和二氧化硅颗粒+乙醇两个分散系为参考样本,通过实验,验证了改进后方法的可行性.此外,还针对上述两个分散系,实验探讨了温度和颗粒浓度对颗粒集体平移扩散系数的影响规律,发现聚苯乙烯颗粒+水分散系中,颗粒间相互作用表现为引力;二氧化硅颗粒+乙醇分散系中,颗粒间相互作用表现为斥力.讨论了颗粒集体平移扩散系数随颗粒浓度变化规律与第二渗透维里系数的关系.     

Diffusion of Anisotropic Colloidal Microparticles Fabricated Using Two-Photon Lithography

Polymeric particles with complex shapes are required for biomedical therapies, colloidal self-assembly, and micro-robotics. It has been challenging to synthesize particles beyond simple shapes (e.g., spheres, cubes) with high structural accuracy using existing methods. Here, a method for fabricating polymeric microparticles of complex 3D shapes is reported using two-photon lithography, and dispersing the particles in an aqueous solution on a glass substrate. The fabrication of polyhedrons (e.g., tetrahedron, pyramid), polypods (e.g., tetrapod, hexapod), and other shapes of 5–10 µm in size is demonstrated. Confocal microscopy is used to track the motion of the sphere, tetrahedron, tetrapod, and screw-shaped particles near the substrate, and determine their translational diffusion coefficients. HYDRO++ is used to simulate the motion of the particles far from the substrate. The influence of particle size and substrate effects on diffusion in the spherical particles is determined and finds that the non-spherical particles have increased hindrance at the substrate compared to the spherical particles.     

On fermi quantum fields constructed from bose quantum fields and their applications

In former papers a representation of the quantum Fermi and para-Fermi fields was proposed. This representation is such that the only basic quantum entities are Bose quantum fields. In this paper we show several possibilities of application: (i) to lower the number of elementary particles; (ii) to describe as separate states of a fundamental particle other particles that presently are considered as different, and to induce an ordering among them; (iii) to obtain relations among the quantum numbers of those particles; (iv) to obtain a physical picture of some unstable particles. This article is concerned with the physical interpretation of the formalism, and some of the statements that are contained here have a conjectural character.     

Characterization of a Pd-Fe bimetallic model catalyst

Small bimetallic Pd-Fe particles supported on a well ordered alumina film grown on NiAl (1 1 0) were studied focusing on the geometric, electronic, adsorption, as well as magnetic properties. The morphology, growth mode and surface composition were investigated by combining scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and infrared spectroscopy (IRAS) using CO as a probe molecule. Information on the electronic properties of the bimetallic systems was obtained by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These measurements were amended by in situ ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy to address the magnetic properties of the bimetallic particles. The subsequent deposition of the metals at 300 K varying the order of metal deposition resulted in two distinct bimetallic systems. Pd deposited on existing Fe particles forms a shell, however, FMR and XPS suggest that intermixing of Pd and Fe occurs to some extent. For the reverse order, a larger amount of Fe is required to coat Pd particles, due to the strong tendency of Pd to segregate to the surface of the particles.     

Correspondence between Electrostatics and Contact Mechanics with Further Results in Equilibrium Charge Distributions

It is common in mesoscopic systems to find instances where several charges interact among themselves. These particles are usually confined by an external potential that shapes the symmetry of the equilibrium charge configuration. In the case of classical charges moving on a plane and repelling each other via the Coulomb potential, they possess a ground state à la Thomson or Wigner crystal. As the number of particles N increases, the number of local minima grows exponentially and direct or heuristic optimization methods become prohibitively costly. Therefore the only feasible approximation to the problem is to treat the system in the continuum limit. Since the underlying framework is provided by potential theory, we shall by-pass the corresponding mathematical formalism and list the most common cases found in the literature. Then we prove a (albeit known) mathematical correspondence that will enable us to re-discover analytical results in electrostatics. In doing so, we shall provide different methods for finding the equilibrium surface density of charges, analytical and numerical. Additionally, new systems of confined charges in three-dimensional surfaces will be under scrutiny. Finally, we shall highlight exact results regarding a modified power-law Coulomb potential in the d-dimensional ball, thus generalizing the existing literature.     

Dynamics of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-well potential

We study the dynamics of an ultracold interacting Bose-Einstein gas confined in a one-dimensional potential composed of three symmetrical wells. We numerically solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation of the N-particle Hamiltonian for N = 50, 150, 500, 1000. We demonstrate that the quantum phase transition from a superfluid (SF) to a Mott insulator (MI) phase in the three-well potential depends on the strength of the interactions among the particles, the total number of particles, and the confining potential in which the particles move. We discuss the appearance of population revivals as a function of time and find that, even in the case when the interaction strength among the particles is very small, its effect has the consequence that the system never returns to the initial condition. A stationary state for long times is observed in the SF phase, while the particle population in each well remains almost equal to the initial condition in the MI phase.     

Constraints on PSC particle microphysics derived from lidar observations

Based on extensive T-matrix computations of light scattering by polydispersions of randomly oriented, rotationally symmetric nonspherical particles, we analyze existing lidar observations of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) and derive several constraints on PSC particle microphysical properties. We show that sharp-edged nonspherical particles (finite circular cylinders) exhibit less variability of lidar backscattering characteristics with particle size and aspect ratio than particles with smooth surfaces (spheroids). For PSC particles significantly smaller than the wavelength, the backscatter color index and the depolarization color index β are essentially shape independent. Observations for type Ia PSCs can be reproduced by spheroids with aspect ratios larger than 1.2, oblate cylinders with diameter-to-length ratios greater than 1.6, and prolate cylinders with length-to-diameter ratios greater than 1.4. The effective equal-volume-sphere radius for type Ia PSCs is about 0.8 μm or larger. Type Ib PSCs are likely to be composed of spheres or nearly spherical particles with effective radii smaller than 0.8 μm. Observations for type II PSCs are consistent with large ice crystals (effective radius greater than 1 μm) modeled as cylinders or prolate spheroids.     

Diraclike relativistic wave equation

It is proved that nondissociating P-invariant relativistic wave equations (RWE) for particles with maximal spin s_o whose matrices satisfy the commutative relations of Dirac matrix algebra contain all values of the spin from 0 (1/2) to s_o. Corollaries of the theorem are examined for certain of the existing approaches to the construction of a theory of RWE.     

Charge effects in a metal-semiconductor composite system

Small-sized metallic particles contained as inclusions in an n-type nondegenerate semiconductor are considered. The problem concerning the potential and charge distributions in this composite system is analyzed in the case where regions depleted in carriers are formed around particles due to contact phenomena and these regions substantially overlap one another. The redistribution of charges among very small metallic particles (R ～ 1–10 nm) is described with due regard for the semiconductor properties of the medium and the volume fraction of particles.     

Unitary state preparation,local position measurements,and spin in quantum mechanics

The orthodox presentation of quantum theory often includes statements on state preparation and measurements without mentioning how these processes can be achieved. The often quoted projection postulate is regarded by many as problematical. This paper presents a systematic framework for state preparation and measurement. Within the existing Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics for spinless particles we show that it is possible (1)to prepare an arbitrary state and (2)to reduce all quantum measurements to local position measurements in an asymptotic way by unitary evolution processes without recourse to the projection postulate. A generalization to spin-1/2particles is also given. The theory presented provides a general mathematical and theoretical foundation for many practical schemes for state preparation and measurement.     

Dehydration and desalination of oils using supercritical carbon dioxide

A new technology for purification of oil from water, salts, and solid impurities with supercritical (SC) CO₂ before refining at existing refineries is developed. The proposed technology, along with purifying oil from water, salts, and solid particles, accomplishes its deasphalting and demetallization. The process is implemented on a facility at a pilot plant of the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences. Preliminary technical-economical calculations show that the energy expenditures on oil extraction with SC-CO₂ are significantly lower than for the existing processes.     

Exchange bias in nanostructures

The phenomenology of exchange bias and related effects in nanostructures is reviewed. The types of systems discussed include: lithographically fabricated ferromagnetic (FM)—antiferromagnetic (AFM) nanostructures, chemically surface modified FM particles, FM particles embedded in an AFM matrix, controlled core–shell particles, nanoparticles with surface effects and coupled AFM–AFM systems. The main applications of exchange biased nanostructures are summarized. Finally, the implications of the nanometer dimensions on some of the existing exchange bias theories are briefly discussed.     

Phase separation transition in a driven diffusive system with anti-ferromagnetic interaction

One-dimensional non-equilibrium systems with short-range interaction can undergo phase transitions from homogeneous states to phase separated states as interaction (?) among particles is increased. One of the model systems where such a transition has been observed is the extended Katz-Lebowitz-Spohn (KLS) model with ferromagnetically interacting particles at ?=4/5. Here, the system remains homogeneous for small interaction strength (?<4/5), and for anti-ferromagnetic interactions (?<0). We show that the phase separation transitions can also occur in anti-ferromagnetic systems if interaction among particles depends explicitly on the size of the block (n) they belong to. We study this transition in detail for a specific case ?=δ/n, where phase separation occurs for δ<−1.     

质子与金属布线层核反应对微纳级静态随机存储器单粒子效应的影响分析

金属布线层对微纳级静态随机存储器(static random access memory, SRAM) 质子单粒子效应敏感性的影响值得关注. 利用Geant4针对不同能量(30 MeV, 100 MeV, 200 MeV和500 MeV)的质子与微纳级SRAM器件的核反应过程开展计算, 研究了核反应次级粒子的种类、线性能量传输值(linear energy transfer, LET)及射程情况, 尤其对高LET 值的核反应次级粒子及其射程开展了详细分析. 研究表明, 金属布线层的存在和质子能量的增大为原子序数大于或等于30的重核次级粒子的产生创造了条件, 器件体硅区中原子序数大于60的重核离子来源于质子与钨材料的核反应, 核反应过程中的特殊作用机理会生成原子序数在30至50之间的次级粒子, 且质子能量的增大有助于这种作用机理的发生, 原子序数在30至50之间的次级粒子在器件体硅区的LET值最大约为37 MeV·cm²/mg, 相应射程可达到几微米, 对于阱深在微米量级的微纳级SRAM器件而言, 有引发单粒子闩锁的可能. 研究结果为空间辐射环境中宇航器件的质子单粒子效应研究提供理论支撑.     

Non-linear Schrödinger Equations,Separation and Symmetry

Abstract

We investigate the symmetry properties of hierarchies of non-linear Schrödinger equations, introduced in [2], which describe non-interacting systems in which tensor product wave-functions evolve by independent evolution of the factors (the separation property). We show that there are obstructions to lifting symmetries existing at a certain number of particles to higher numbers. Such obstructions vanish for particles without internal degrees of freedom and the usual space-time symmetries. For particles with internal degrees of freedom, such as spin, these obstructions are present and their circumvention requires a choice of a new term in the equation for each particle number. A Lie-algebra approach for non-linear theories is developed.     

利用N粒子纠缠态的量子秘密共享

 为了高效实现多方之间的量子秘密共享,引入了一种纠缠度较高的N粒子纠缠态,并提出了利用该N粒子纠缠态在一方与（N-1）方之间形成共享秘密位串的方案.该方案在建立秘密位串的过程中,Alice对发送的粒子随机选择么正操作I和σx,并选择一部分粒子用于检测信道的安全|之后Alice根据（N-1）方选择的操作又选择了一部分粒子用于对参与者诚实度检测及信道安全检测.通过多次对窃听者的检测,很好地保证了信道的安全性及产生的秘密位串的可用性.最终在Alice及另外（N-1）方之间可形成n[1-(N-1)/2 N-1]/6个共享秘密位.