对一则静电实验的讨论

对一则静电实验的讨论罗琬华，王前（西南师范大学重庆６３０７１５）一、一则静电实验的两种结果图１是一则经常用作演示的静电实验，金属薄板置于绝缘支架上，与验电器连接，将塑胶棒摩擦起电后，接触金属薄板使之带电，将出现下面两种结果．ｅｑｌ１．带电塑胶棒接触金...     

高压静电抗垢强化传热实验研究

在污垢热阻动态监测装置上,进行了高压静电抗垢强化传热实验研究．结果表明,成垢溶液经过高压静电处理以后在换热表面结垢减轻,污垢热阻明显减小,阻垢率可达到56．5％．对污垢晶体的扫描电镜观察表明,高压静电处理后污垢晶体形态发生了改变,由结构致密型的霰石改变为结构松散的不定形体,从而不易在换热表面结垢。     

静电对GaN基高压LED特性的影响

对GaN基绿光高压LED分别施加-500、-1 000、-2 000、-3 000、-4 000、-5 000和-6 000V的反向人体模式静电打击,每次静电打击后,测量样品的I-V特性曲线及光通量等参量,研究静电打击对GaN基高压LED器件性能的影响.结果表明:当样品经过-500,-1 000、-2 000、-3 000和-4 000V的静电打击后,由于LED器件内部产生了缺陷,发生了软击穿并且反向漏电流明显增加,但光通量的变化不明显;当经过-5 000V和-6 000V的静电打击后,由于发生了热模式击穿,温度迅速升高,在结区形成熔融通道,使LED的光通量明显减小,甚至衰减到未打击时的一半;在经受-6 000V的静电打击后,正向电压的减小和反向漏电流的增加更加明显,漏电现象更加明显,严重影响了器件的性能,最终使LED样品失效.     

加载静电压的同轴回旋管放大器的非线性模拟

对一种工作频率为0.14 THz的小轨道同轴回旋管放大器进行非线性模拟,结果表明:通过加载外部静电压的方法,可将回旋管放大器的饱和输出功率提高19%,而且电子束横向与纵向速率比以及横向速度离散对输出功率都没有明显影响,从而可以有效提高回旋管放大器性能. 关键词： 回旋管放大器 静电场 静电离心聚焦系统 饱和功率     

对静电与静磁系统虚功原理的几点说明

静电系统与静磁系统是处于平衡状态的系统，各带电体或载流导体间存在相互作用力，将静力学的虚功原理推广到这些系统，并用来求系统内部的相互作用力，有时是很方便的．本文对静电与静磁系统的虚功原理及其应用作几点说明．     

通过序列化实验建构物理模型的设计——以“静电”为例

模型是对现象或实物特征的一种结构性和系统化的抽象,物理模型包括了物理概念、原理、公式、图示等.通过做实验、观察现象、归纳推理等过程,可以将实验现象特征抽象为物理模型,序列化的建模实验可以建构出序列性、系统化的知识.以“静电”部分的模型建构为例,设计序列化的实验,建构出正负电荷、摩擦起电、传导起电、感应起电及电荷守恒定律模型,并通过一系列应用型问题促进学生自主建模或应用模型.     

高压静电场抗垢性能的实验研究

通过静态和动态两种方法,进行了高压静电抗垢强化传热实验研究.静态实验结果表明,高压静电场能够使污垢晶体形态发生改变,由六面体结构变为树枝状和薄片状结构,并促进污垢晶体尺寸的增大.动态实验结果表明,成垢溶液经过高压静电处理以后,污垢热阻明显减小,流速的增大能够增强抗垢能力.     

高压放电对飞灰表面特性的影响

高压放电对飞灰表面特性会产生影响从而改变飞灰颗粒的荷电特性。使用高压窄脉冲电源大幅提高静电除尘器的放电电压,通过对不同电压放电前后飞灰表面特性进行分析,得到其影响规律。随着放电电压的升高,飞灰表面受到越来越严重的破坏,从开始相对光滑完整的表面结构逐渐转变为具有蜂窝状的新结构。放电电压越高,蜂窝的孔密度越高,孔径越小。复...     

改进的静电滚筒实验——静电电动机模型

物理教学中为演示静电的力效应,通常设计静电滚筒或富兰克林电动机实验．这些实验巧妙地演示带电粒子流冲击滚筒而产生的力矩作用,它将人眼观察不到的微观电荷定向运动与宏观物体的转动有机结合起来,加强了学生对电荷作用力的现象观察与深入思考．     

静电雾化过程中雾滴空间电荷密度的实验测试

采用金属网笼法对静电雾化中雾滴群的空间电荷密度进行了实验测试,结果表明该方法可以大致了解雾化空间中雾滴群的局部带电情况。实验数据进一步表明,荷电雾滴的带电特性在不同空间位置处有极大的差异性,雾化轴心处的雾滴电荷密度最高,雾滴电荷密度沿径向方向逐渐减小。当施加电压增大时,不同空间位置处的雾滴电荷密度均有所提高,但电荷密度...     

基于补偿网络的PSM高压电源模块仿真分析

利用MATLAB对中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)低混杂波高压电源系统的调节模块进行仿真,分析了静态电网波动、负载变化、滤波参数等对输出电压的影响。利用补偿网络可以大大减少纹波,增加输出电压的稳定性。该系统的稳定时间在几个毫秒之内,纹波系数<1%。通过仿真决定对该高压电源系统调节模块采用比例积分微分(PID)控制与超前-滞后补偿策略。     

Dispersion effect on the current voltage characteristic of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors

The current voltage (IV) characteristics are greatly influenced by the dispersion effects in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. The direct current (DC) IV and pulsed IV measurements are performed to give a deep investigation into the dispersion effects, which are mainly related to the trap and self-heating mechanisms. The results show that traps play an important role in the kink effects, and high stress can introduce more traps and defects in the device. With the help of the pulsed IV measurements, the trapping effects and self-heating effects can be separated. The impact of time constants on the dispersion effects is also discussed. In order to achieve an accurate static DC IV measurement, the steady state of the bias points must be considered carefully to avoid the dispersion effects.     

脉冲调制高压电源高频化改造的仿真分析与实验

对HL-2A 装置原有的高压电源进行了高频化改造，改造后的单元电源采用脉冲步进阶梯调制(PSM)技术，采用24 个不可控整流电源模块与4 个调节电源模块串联输出，通过控制各模块的投入切出，使输出电压范围在0~20kV 可调，模块开关频率最高可以达到20kHz。通过仿真和实验测试结果表明，该电源运行参数可以达到20kV/200A，开关频率最高达到了20kHz，能够满足系统的实验需求。     

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In order to improve the physical experimental parameters of the HL-2A tokamak, the new high-power supply for the auxiliary heating systems need higher stability, faster response, higher power factor, shorter protective time, higher voltage, more flexible control, higher frequency and much less energy discharged to this equipment than the old one when the load is arcing. The high voltage power supply adopts the pulse step modulation (PSM) technology and mainly consists of 28 modules with 4 adjustable modules and 24 uncontrollable switch modules connected in series. The output voltage can be adjusted continuously in 0~20kV and the switch frequency maximum can reach 20 kHz. The results of simulation and experiment show that the operating parameters of the power supply can reach 20kV/200A and meet the experimental requirements.     

高能等离子体入射对磁场膨胀影响的模拟研究（已撤稿）

采用三维模型，使用混合网格质点法对等离子体入射偶极子磁场产生的磁场膨胀进行数值模拟.在模拟中考虑了高能等离子体注入两种不同类型磁场的情况：等离子体注入没有背景磁场的偶极子磁场和等离子体注入有背景磁场的偶极子磁场.研究表明背景磁场的存在不仅改变了粒子的分布，还改变了磁场膨胀的程度.还研究了注入的高能等离子体的速度对磁场膨胀的影响，结果表明入射的高能等离子体速度越大，磁场膨胀的程度就越大.对于低的入射速度，入射粒子在偶极子磁场中的回旋半径与偶极子磁场的特征长度相比较小，粒子被磁场束缚，对偶极子磁场的影响可以忽 关键词： 网格质点法 磁场膨胀 偶极子磁场     

Calculation of the minimum breakdown voltage of inert gases in static fields

Using the analytical expression for the maximum ionization coefficient of the inert gases η_max = 0.325 1/V_i (V_i is the ionization potential of the atom) a more precise expression is obtained for the minimum breakdown voltage of inert gases as a function of the γ-processes at the cathode: $$\left( {Us} \right)_{\min } = 3.08 V_i ln\left( {\frac{1}{\gamma } + 1} \right)$$ .     

Kondo effect in quantum dots at high voltage: universality and scaling

We examine the properties of a dc-biased quantum dot in the Coulomb blockade regime. For voltages V that are large compared to the Kondo temperature T(K), the physics is governed by the scales V and gamma, where gamma approximately V/ln(2)(V/T(K)) is the nonequilibrium decoherence rate induced by the voltage-driven current. Based on scaling arguments, self-consistent perturbation theory, and perturbative renormalization group, we argue that due to the large gamma the system can be described by renormalized perturbation theory in 1/ln(V/T(K))<1. However, in certain variants of the Kondo problem, two-channel Kondo physics is induced by a large voltage V.     

Probing the high momentum component of the deuteron at high Q2

The (2)H(e,e'p)n cross section at a momentum transfer of 3.5 (GeV/c)(2) was measured over a kinematical range that made it possible to study this reaction for a set of fixed missing momenta as a function of the neutron recoil angle θ(nq) and to extract missing momentum distributions for fixed values of θ(nq) up to 0.55 GeV/c. In the region of 35°≤θ(nq)≤45° recent calculations, which predict that final-state interactions are small, agree reasonably well with the experimental data. Therefore, these experimental reduced cross sections provide direct access to the high momentum component of the deuteron momentum distribution in exclusive deuteron electrodisintegration.     

Boundary-layer effect on railgun muzzle voltage

Measured values of railgun muzzle voltage exceed those predicted from simple armature models by several tens of volts. This excess voltage is called the contact potential and may represent a substantial fraction of the power dissipated in the armature. A simple two-dimensional model for the conductivity and velocity boundary layers has been used to calculate the electric field in the region near the rail surfaces. Calculations were performed for parameters characteristic of the University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI) 1-cm square-bore railgun. These calculations showed that the electric field decreased across the boundary-layer thickness and predicted contact potentials from 12.5 to 88.7 V, depending on the choice of boundary-layer parameters