Electroconduction of Potassium,Rubidium, and Cesium Orthophosphates

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry -     

Electronic Work Function of Potassium–Cesium Alloys

The temperature and concentration dependences of the electronic work function (EWF) of K–Cs alloys at thermodynamic equilibrium in an ultrahigh vacuum are studied with a photoelectric method. At 0–20 and 70–100 at. % Cs, the temperature coefficient of EWF depends on the Cs concentration c _Cs in a complicated fashion: it is positive at small c _Cs and negative at c _Cs > 18 at. %.     

Crystal Structures of Anhydrous Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium Hypophosphites

Crystals of anhydrous K, Rb, and Cs hypophosphites have been obtained. The structures of these compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure in general is a packing of layers of metal cations and hypophosphite anions coordinated to them. In all compounds, the hypophosphite anion performs the function of a bridge between four cations in a layer. Each oxygen atom is linked to two cations. The compounds RbH₂PO₂ and CsH₂PO₂ are isostructural.     

Luminescence and Structure of Potassium Fluorooxalatozirconates

The X-ray luminescence of potassium fluorooxalatozirconates was studied. A high emission intensity was established for KZrF₃C₂O₄ · 3H₂O. Potassium fluorooxalatozirconates and fluorine compounds with known structures were compared by their X-ray luminescence. From the maximal luminescence intensity, it was established what atoms (F* or O*) were responsible for the luminescence of fluorooxalatozirconates. The composition of their polyhedra was suggested based on IR and X-ray luminescence spectra. It was shown that water in hydrated fluorooxalatozirconates has a crystallization character.     

Synthesis and Structure of Potassium Oxodiperoxovanadate

The crystal structure of a dimeric potassium hydroxonium oxodiperoxovanadate, K₃(H₃O)[{VO(O₂)₂}₂(-O)], was studied in the course of developing methods for the preparation of new oxidation catalysts, i.e., dodecyltrimethylammonium and potassium oxodiperoxovanadates. The latter are intended to be used in interphase catalysis for the oxidation of organic substances.     

Structure of Potassium of Undecatungstomononickelosilicate

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Novel Synthesis of Barbiturates

Knovenagel reaction of barbituric acid with different aldehydes were used to synthesize new barbiturates. This is a novel method which can be used to synthsis various types of new generation of barbiturates which are different from the previously reported.     

Potassium Aluminate Crystalline Structure and Electroconduction

The crystalline structure of low- and high-temperature modifications of KAlO₂ is studied by a neutron diffraction method combined with a full-profile Rietveld analysis. At low temperatures KAlO₂ has an orthorhombic structure (spatial group Pbca), which turns tetragonal (spatial group P4₁2₁2) at 540°C. During a phase transition along the c axis there open new conduction channels with a large cross-section of voids, which is a probable reason for the conduction jump. The presumed anisotropy of conduction in the low-temperature modification disappears during the phase transition.     

Surface Energy of Low-Index Faces of Single-Crystal Gold in Molten Sodium,Potassium, and Cesium Chlorides

The free energies of formation of gold faces (111) and (100) in molten sodium, potassium, and cesium chlorides are measured by the meniscus weighing method. The effect of the cation size, temperature, and electric potential on the electrocapillary curve and PZC is considered. A mechanism for the anion adsorption at a charged metal surface, based on the participation of valence orbitals of the electrode metal in the formation of surface compounds, is suggested.     

Synthesis of Macrocyclic Barbiturates

1,6-diaminohexane reacted with 5-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-pyrimidino-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione and its N, N'-dimethyl derivative to afford two novel macrocycles (a 27-and a 18-membered ring, respectively) in good yield. These new compounds are potential complexating agents.     

四硼酸钾水溶液结构

研究了298.15和323.15K广泛浓度范围内四硼酸钾溶液pH,并根据化学反应平衡常数和牛顿迭代法计算获得了溶液化学物种分布图.典型样品用拉曼光谱进行核实.研究表明,高浓溶液中存在主要化学物种是B4O5(OH)24-,次要化学物种是B3O3(OH)4-和B(OH)4-.用X射线散射法研究了298和323K高浓四硼酸钾溶液结构.用几何模型定量描述B4O5(OH)42-,B3O3(OH)-4和B(OH)-4离子内、离子间、分子间的相互作用,并用最小二乘法进行精修.模型计算和精修给出硼氧六元环内原子间距和配位数,并与晶体结构很好一致,表明高浓溶液中离子内有序程度较高.同时给出K+和硼酸根离子水合数和水合距离,以及接触离子对的结构信息,并进一步简单讨论温度和浓度变化对溶剂结构的影响.     

氯化铯催化羧酸钠(钾)与α-氯代乙酸酯及溴(氯)代烃反应

以DMF为溶剂,在催化量氯化铯存在下,羧酸钠(钾)与α-氯代乙酸酯在室温下反应及其与溴(氯)代烃在60℃反应,分别形成对应的羧酸(α-烷氧甲酰)甲酯与羧酸酯,产率90%以上,讨论了催化机理.     

Synthesis,Structure and Properties of Inverse-Keggin Potassium Tetraniobooctatungstosilicate

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Synthesis,Structure, and Conduction of Trisubstituted Cesium and Rubidium Salts of Trimesic Acid

Salts of trimesic (1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic) acid generally formulated as ₃[C₆H₃(COO)₃] · 5H₂O, where Me = Rb and Cs, are synthesized and their structure and conductivity are examined. Both salts are ionic conductors with conductivities of 4.6 × 10^–7 and 2.2 × 10^{–9 –1} cm^–1 at 298 K and activation energies of conduction equal to (1.09 ± 0.02) and (1.07 ± 0.01) eV, respectively.     

Crystal Structure and Ionic Conductivity of Cesium Trifluoromethyl Sulfonate,CsSO3CF3

The crystal structures of the room and the high temperature modifications of cesium trifluoromethyl sulfonate were solved from high resolution X‐ray powder diffraction data. At room temperature, α‐CsSO₃CF₃ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁ with lattice parameters a = 9.7406(2) Å, b = 6.1640(1) Å, c = 5.4798(1) Å, and β = 104.998(1)°; Z = 2. At temperatures above T = 380 K, a second order phase transformation towards a disordered C‐centered orthorhombic phase in space group Cmcm occurs with lattice parameters at T = 492 K of a = 5.5074(3) Å, b = 19.4346(14) Å, and c = 6.2978(4) Å; Z = 4. Within the crystal structures, the triflate anions are arranged in double layers with the apolar CF₃‐groups pointing towards each other. The cesium ions are located between the SO₃‐groups. CsSO₃CF₃ shows a specific ion conductivity ranging from σ = 1.06·10^?8 Scm^?1 at T = 393 K to σ = 5.18·10^?4 Scm^?1 at T = 519 K.     

ChemInform Abstract: Photoionization Spectra of Cesium and Cesium Oxide Clusters.

Seven cesium and 86 oxidized cesium clusters, CsnOm (0 < m < n; n = 3-14), are ionized in a one-photon process by means of a tunable cw dye laser and detected in a mass spectrometer.