激光通过短标尺长度薄层等离子体时的吸收,反射与透射

通过数据求解亥姆霍兹波动方程，研究了激光辐射薄膜靶产生的不同厚度、不同标尺长度的薄层等离子体对激光的反射，透射及吸收（逆轫致吸收，共振吸收）率随入射角的变化情况，小角度入射时，短脉冲（～ｐｓ量级）激光打靶产生的标尺长度较小的等离子体对激光的吸收率比长脉冲打靶时低，但在大角度入射时，短脉冲打靶时等离子体的吸收率反而比长脉冲打靶时高。     

等离子体射流产生与特性的实验研究

本文报道热等离子体射流产生及射流特性的实验研究结果。采用同一个直流等离子体发生器,工作气体流量小时产生出层流等离子体长射流,射流长度随气体流量或弧电流的增加而明显增加;工作气体流量大时则产生出湍流等离子体短射流,此时射流长度几乎与工作气体流量或弧电流无关;在层流与湍流等离子体射流工况之间,存在一个流动状况不稳定的过渡区,此时等离子体射流的平均长度随气流量的加大而减小,但随弧电流的加大而明显加大。层流等离子体长射流有相当好的刚性。     

托卡马克中ICRH天线的优化设计

采用等离子体平板模型和三维天线模型数值模拟了托卡马克中ICRH天线与等离子体的耦合过程, 模拟结果表明在其它实验条件相同的条件下,与反对称电流和馈线端长度短的天线相比,对称电流分布和馈线端长度长的发射天线可获得更有效的功率耦合。     

超短脉冲强激光与等离子体的非线性相互作用

超短脉冲强光与等离子体相互作用是近年来令人注目的一个前沿领域。介绍了其中的超短脉冲强激光与非稠密等离子体作用中的激光尾波场与尾波场加速器、光脉冲频率上转换与脉宽正缩、相对论光导等重要研究课题。还介绍了超短脉冲强激光与固体靶作用听吸收机制，短标尺长等离子体产生、能量输运等有关问题的研究。     

稳态激光等离子体中的电场结构及其密度分布

本文导出了法向入射时,稳态激光等离子体中的电场强度和等离子体标度长度的解析表达式,揭示了达到稳态所需的时间对入射光场强的依赖关系.所得的结果与实验和计算机模拟很好地符合.     

强激光在等离子体中的传播特性

分别讨论了非相对论条件下短脉冲和长脉冲激光在完全电离的等离子体中的传播特性。短脉冲情况下，激光的有效瑞利长度会增加，但不会出现自导引；长脉冲激光的传播取决于激光功率和等离子体温度之比，当该比值超过一定阈值时会出现自导引现象，激光束被限制在一个相对稳定的通道内，其半径对光束的初始半径有很强的依赖性。     

不同激光等离子体条件下的阿秒光脉冲产生

通过一维粒子模拟研究了利用相对论少周期强激光与固体密度等离子体表面相互作用实现单个孤立阿秒光脉冲产生的参数条件。主要研究描述相互作用的多维参数,如激光强度、入射角和等离子体标尺长度等,对相对论高次谐波能量转换效率和孤立阿秒光脉冲分离度的影响。研究发现,虽然激光等离子体参数对阿秒光脉冲产生的影响是复杂的,但是存在着能够实现大能量孤立阿秒光脉冲的最佳等离子体标尺长度和最佳入射角。当其他相互作用条件确定时,使用中等强度的相对论强激光可以在较宽的参数范围内实现孤立的阿秒光脉冲。大角度入射时,孤立阿秒光脉冲的分离度较高,能够实现孤立阿秒光脉冲的相互作用参数范围也较宽。     

直流纯氮层流等离子体射流特性的实验研究

采用自行研制的直流非转移型等离子体发生器,对其产生的层流等离子体射流特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:该等离子体发生器在以纯氮气为工作气体时,呈现出高电压低电流的等离子体射流特性,该特性有助于提高等离子体发生器的电极寿命;在弧电流和工作气流量由小向大变化过程中,等离子体射流长度均呈现出先由短变长、再由长变短的变化规律;在等离子体射流长度由长变短的过程中,射流的形貌从相对集中、轴对称和稳定的状态向分散、非轴对称和不稳定的状态变化,即等离子体射流由层流形态向湍流形态转变,并且在此过程中射流产生的噪音逐渐增强。     

直流纯氮层流等离子体射流特性的实验研究

采用自行研制的直流非转移型等离子体发生器,对其产生的层流等离子体射流特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明：该等离子体发生器在以纯氮气为工作气体时,呈现出高电压低电流的等离子体射流特性,该特性有助于提高等离子体发生器的电极寿命;在弧电流和工作气流量由小向大变化过程中,等离子体射流长度均呈现出先由短变长、再由长变短的变化规律;在等离子体射流长度由长变短的过程中,射流的形貌从相对集中、轴对称和稳定的状态向分散、非轴对称和不稳定的状态变化,即等离子体射流由层流形态向湍流形态转变,并且在此过程中射流产生的噪音逐渐增强。     

超短超强激光在稀薄等离子体中的自聚焦传输

开展超短超强激光与次稠密等离子体相互作用实验,采用探针光对激光等离子体相互作用区域进行阴影成像,研究了不同激光功率与临界功率比值及不同激光脉冲长度与等离子体波波长比值下的激光在次稠密等离子体中的自聚焦传输。结果表明:相对论效应是超短脉冲在次稠密等离子体中的主要自聚焦机制,激光功率与临界功率比值是影响超短脉冲在次稠密等离子体中形成自聚焦的关键条件。     

Nonlinear interaction of an intense laser beam with millimeter sized underdense plasmas

Experimental results are reported on the nonlinear interaction of a 0.5 μm laser light with long scalelength preformed plasmas. Spectra from stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering, as well as measurements of the transmitted laser light clearly indicate the occurence of strong nonlinearities driven by filamentation of the laser beam.     

Density scalelength estimation in laser-produced plasmas

The relative intensities of the blue- and red-shifted satellites of three-halves harmonic spectra backscattered from plasmas produced by irradiation of targets with a high power Nd laser pulse have been measured. These have been used to estimate the plasma density scalelength due to the different emergent paths of each satellite.     

Enhanced propagation for relativistic laser pulses in inhomogeneous plasmas using hollow channels

The influence of long (several millimeters) and hollow channels, bored in inhomogeneous ionized plasma by using a long pulse laser beam, on the propagation of short, ultraintense laser pulses has been studied. Compared to the case without a channel, propagation in channels significantly improves beam transmission and maintains a beam quality close to propagation in vacuum. In addition, the growth of the forward-Raman instability is strongly reduced. These results are beneficial for the direct scheme of the fast ignitor concept of inertial confinement fusion as we demonstrate, in fast-ignition-relevant conditions, that with such channels laser energy can be carried through increasingly dense plasmas close to the fuel core with minimal losses.     

Two dynamics modes in planar wire array Z pinch implosion

Two dynamics modes,named short ablation mode and long ablation mode,are observed in implosion experiments of planar wire array Z pinch on ’QiangGuang-I’ facility utilizing an optical streak camera.The long ablation mode has a lagged trajectory compared with the short ablation mode.For shot 10035 in a short ablation mode,the initial time of K-shell radiation is consistent with the interaction time for ablation plasma arriving at the centre of wire array,while for shot 10038 in long ablation mode,the initial time of K-shell radiation is about 10 ns earlier.In the two modes,the partial ablation plasma could traverse the wire array plane and then collide in the centre to form a dense plasma column with a diameter of 2.2 mm for shot 10035 and 1.5 mm for shot 10038.     

极端相对论性正负电子对等离子体中横振荡的色散关系

 由伏拉索夫方程和费米分布函数的相对论性修正形式推导出相对论性正负电子对等离子体中横波的色散方程,对等离子体中的横波进行解析研究,得到长波支和短波支的色散关系。从解析的色散曲线发现了与Mikhailovskii在极端相对论性情况下对于电子-离子等离子体中色散关系研究相类似的结果:在极端相对论性等离子体中横波的解析色散曲线具有不连续性。基于解析色散曲线的不连续性,进而采用数值计算的方法求解了完整的等离子体色散方程,得到其数值解,数值色散曲线可将解析上的长波和短波衔接起来,使其成为一条完整的色散曲线。     

Experimental investigation of explosive plasma antennas

Explosion-produced plasma jets formed in free spece are experimentally investigated. The feasibility of emitting pulsed electromagnetic signals by plasma jets is shown, and the emitting conditions are studied. Comparison is made between the results of experiments with short and long plasma jets. When the jet passes through the field of a helix, a short-term increase in the emitted signal is detected. A linear parametric model of interaction between the plasma jet and an exciting electromagnetic signal is proposed. The operating performance of instrumentation developed for the investigation is presented.