绿色荧光粉Gd2Ba3B3O12:Tb3+的发光性能研究

采用高温同相法制备了一系列Gd<,2>Ba<,3>B<,3>O<,12>:Tb<'3+>绿色荧光粉,借助X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、真空紫外光谱和荧光光谱仪(VUV-UV)对样品的物相、发光性能进行了表征.结果表明,Tb<'3+>作为发光中心全部进入到基质Gd<,2>Ba<,3>B<,3>O<,12>的品格中并占据Gd...     

荧光粉Ca4Y6O(SiO4)6:Dy3+的制备与发光特性

采用高温固相法制备了Ca<,4>Y<,6>O(SiO<,4>)<,6>:Dy<'3+>荧光材料,通过样品的XRD谱证明了Ca<,4>Y<,6>O(SiO<,4>)<,6>:Dy<'3+>荧光材料是纯相的结构材料,通过发射光谱和激发光谱等发光特性的研究发现该荧光粉材料有多个发射峰,分别位于480 nm和573 nm处.监...     

氧化物超导体的高压热处理及烧结

 本文利用高温高压条件，对氧化物超导体进行了不同条件的高压热处理及烧结。发现对SrLa(CuAg)₁O_x在空气中烧结的超导体，适当条件的高压热处理，使T_c从20 K提高到28 K。在Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O_7-δ系氧化物中，无论是对空气中烧结的已超导样品的高压热处理，或者直接在高压下烧结样品，均未使T_c得到提高，但是，经过高压烧结，超导样品的硬度显著提高，密度也有所增加，并且改变了超导相的晶格常数。     

不同粒径纳米Y2Ba4CuBiOy 相掺杂对TSIG法单畴YBCO超导块材性能的影响

本文采用顶部籽晶熔渗方法(TSIG), 研究了不同粒径纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子对单畴YBCO超导块材的生长形貌、微观结构及其磁悬浮力的影响.实验所用纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体的平均粒度分别为283.0 nm, 170.4 nm以及82.5 nm, 每种粉体在YBCO超导块材中的含量均为2 wt%. 研究结果表明: 在掺杂量为2 wt%的情况下, Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体的粒度并不影响样品的宏观形貌, 均可制备出单畴YBCO块材; 并且成功地将纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子引入单畴YBCO块材中, 且使其均匀分布, 但样品中的Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子均小于其初始粉体的粒度, 分别减小到270 nm, 150 nm和50 nm; 随着Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体初始粒度的减小, 样品的磁悬浮力逐渐增大, 分别为10 N, 17 N, 22 N. 该结果为进一步研究纳米磁通钉扎中心的引入方法及提高YBCO超导块材的性能有重大意义.     

A POSSIBLE SOLITON-LIKE POLARON MODEL FOR SUPERCONDUCTORS Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xMxO7-δ(M=Fe, Ni)

Using 1+1 soliton-like polaron model of a deformable continuum, the critical temperature and the energy gap in high-temperature superconductors Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu_3-xM_xO_7-δ(M=Fe,Ni) are studied in the framework of finite temperature Green's function theory. The ratio 2Δ/k_BT_c=3.9 is obtained. Theoretical results are found in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Structures and luminescence properties of Yb3＋ in the double perovskites Ba2YB＇O6 （B＇=Ta5＋, Nb5＋） phosphors

The Yb³⁺ doped Ba₂YB'O₆ (B'=Ta⁵⁺, Nb⁵⁺) were prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction method, their structures were determined by x-ray diffraction and refined by Rietveld method. The diffuse reflection absorption, excitation and emission spectra of Yb³⁺:Ba₂YB'O₆ (B'=,Ta⁵⁺, Nb⁵⁺) were measured at room temperature. Under the excitation of ultraviolet light, these phosphors exhibit broad charge transfer band emissions of TaO₆ or NbO₆ centre with large Stokes shift. The Yb³⁺ doped into these hosts are situated at Y³⁺ sites of cubic symmetry (O_h). The experimental energy levels of Yb³⁺ in Ba₂YTaO₆ and Ba₂YNbO₆ were determined by photoluminescence and diffuse reflection absorption spectra. Their wavefunctions and theoretical energy levels were obtained by diagonalising the Hamiltonian matrix. The experimental energy levels were fitted by Levenberg--Marquardt iteration algorithm to determine crystal field parameters. Then, the magnetic-pole transition line strengths of Yb³⁺:Ba₂YB'O₆(B'=Ta⁵⁺, Nb⁵⁺) from (²F_5/2)Γ₈^- to the low-energy states were calculated.     

固相线下Pr1-xBa2-yCax+yCu3O7±δ体系的相关系和晶体结构

 利用X射线衍射分析和Rietveld结构精修的方法研究了固相线下Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ体系的相关系和晶体结构。研究表明：950 ℃、空气条件下，Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ（y=0）体系系列样品总是含有两相：Pr123（PrBa₂Cu₃O_7±δ）和BaCuO₂；而且，随Ca含量的增加，杂相BaCuO₂的含量也随之增加。Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ（x=0）体系y=0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4的样品都只含有Pr123单相；y=0.5的样品含有3相：Pr123、Ca₂CuO₃和Pr₄Ca₁₀Cu₂₄O₄₁。另外，Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ（x=0）系列样品（y=0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4）中Pr123相还发生了正交-四方晶系的结构转化。y=0.1和0.2的样品为正交晶系，晶胞参数分别为a=0.390 33(4)和0.389 36(1) nm，b=0.389 53(4)和0.387 73(1) nm，c=1.173 38(4) 和1.168 20(2) nm；y=0.3和0.4的样品为四方晶系，晶胞参数分别为a=b=0.387 80(0) 和0.387 67(0) nm，c=1.166 00(2) 和1.165 20(2) nm。在Pr123结构中，Ba离子可以被Pr离子代替，但不能被Ca离子所代替。Ca离子占据部分Pr离子的位置。在Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ（x=0）体系中Pr、Ba和Ca离子间的相互替代中，离子半径比化学性质起到了更大的作用。在950 ℃、空气条件下，Ca离子在Pr_1-xBa_2-yCa_x+yCu₃O_7±δ体系中的最大溶解量是当x=0时，y≤0.4。     

名义组分为Y_6Ba_(11)Cu_(16)O_x的纳米超导材料

采用柠檬酸盐热分解法制备了名义组分为Y6Ba11Cu16Ox的纳米超导材料。利用XRD对其粉体进行物相表征,发现其相是Y123和Y211的混合相,并测得两者之间的摩尔比为1∶0.14,同时把其XRD图谱与Y1Ba2Cu3O7-x的XRD图谱进行了对照分析。利用标准的四端引线法对其块体进行R-T分析,测出其起始转变温度Tonset=86.0K,转变宽度△Tc=6.7K,并表现出良好的超导电性,也相应地把其与Y1Ba2Cu3O7-x进行了对比。根据Scherrer公式计算得到样品的平均晶粒尺寸约为67.1nm。文中也分析了所制材料为混合物的原因。     

铜氧化合物超导体Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ的高压合成

 高温高压下合成出了新块材超导体Pr_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ（0.4≤x≤0.6）,高压合成使Ca在Pr-123相中的溶解度有很大提高,从而有效地补偿了Pr对CuO₂面空穴的填充而使样品超导。     

POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES OF Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ AND Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xFexO7-δ

In this paper it is reported that the measurement of the bulk positron lifetime as a function of substitution content x in the temperature range from 70 to 220K was performed in two high-T_c superconducting systems, Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu_3-xFe_xO_7-δ and Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ. It was found that τ_B of both systems decreases significantly with x and the temperature dependence of τ_B is very weak in normal state. In lower temperature region (Tc), a dramatic x-dependent temperature variation of τ_B was observed in the Ca-substituted system: from a decrease of τ_B with decreasing T to an increase of τ_B. With increasing x, the temperature dependence of τ_B remains weak in the Ca- and Fe- substituted systems. Compared with the experimental data of positron lifetime in other substituted systems and the calculation of the positron density distribution, the authors suggest that positron bulk lifetime spectra behaviour can be interpreted by the physical model based on the transfer of electron density between the CuO₂ planes and Cu-O chains. Therefore, the study of positron lifetime spectra provides a useful means to detect the local charge density and to study the correlation between the electronic structure and the high-T_c superconductivity.     

FAR-INFRARED AND INFRARED REFLECTIONS OF Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 FILM

The far-infrared and infrared reflection spectra of Tl₂Ba₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ superconducting film are reported in this paper. It is found there are three sharp reflection edges in both the superconducting and normal states, their positions being near ≈ 150, ≈ 350 and ≈600 cm^-1. We attribute these reflection spectra to the Drude free carriers and a wide mid-infrared absorption band. When the incident angle increases from 7° to 30°, some additional stractures appear in the refiection spectra, which are the A_2u phonon modes vibrating along c-axis.     

CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITY AND FLUX PINNING CHARACTERISTICS IN MELT-TEXTURED Y0.6Er0.4Ba2Cu3Oy SUPERCONDUCTOR

We prepared highly textured YBa₂CuO_y and Y_0.6Er_0.4Ba₂Cu₃O_y bulk samples by a powder melting process method under the same conditions and studied the magnetic properties and flux pinning character istics. It is found that the J_c estimated by the Bean's model decreases with the magnetic field according to a power law J_c∝B^-n (n<0.55), suggesting that J_c values of these materials are controlled by the flux pinning rather than weak links. Also, J_c and flux pinning are improved by the Er addition. The reduction of the size of Y₂BaCuO₅ particles, magnetic pinning and stress-field pinning caused by the Er addition may be responsible for the enhancement of J_c and flux pinning.     

Cu掺杂AgSbTe2化合物的相稳定、晶体结构及热电性能

利用熔融快淬结合放电等离子烧结(SPS), 制备了Cu_xAg_1-xSbTe₂(x= 0---0.3)样品. 粉末X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果显示, SPS处理以前, 含Cu样品形成NaCl型结构的固溶体, 而未加入Cu的样品析出Ag₂Te第二相. 根据热分析和XRD测量结果, Cu的加入能够有效抑制Ag₂Te的析出, 但同时会在快淬样品中产生少量非晶相. 在温度升高到540 K左右时, 非晶相发生晶化, 形成Sb₇Te亚稳相, 并最终转变成Sb₂Te₃稳定相. 对快淬样品进行低温SPS快速处理后, x =0.1样品为面心立方结构的单相化合物, 但是x =0.2, 0.3的样品分别析出第二相Sb₇Te和Sb₂Te₃. 由于析出第二相, x=0.2, 0.3样品的电导率增大, Seebeck系数减小, 热导率相应升高, 综合热电性能降低. x=0.1单相样品的功率因子与文献报道的AgSbTe₂化合物相当. 元素替代的合金化效应 增强了Cu_0.1Ag_0.9SbTe₂化合物的声子散射, 有效降低了样品的热导率. 因此, 单相样品Cu_0.1Ag_0.9SbTe₂表现出较佳的热电性能, 在620 K时热电优值达到1.     

高压下铌铁矿相TiO_2直接相变的第一性原理研究

利用第一性原理的GGA+U方法对TiO_2的金红石相、铌铁矿相、萤石相、黄铁矿相和四方P42/nmc相进行了计算.首先,优化了这几个相的晶体结构及相关参数,分析了焓曲线图,发现了在50.1GPa压强下,铌铁矿相突然直接转变成一个新的四方P42/nmc相.其次,通过GGA+U和HSE06两种方法计算讨论了四方P42/nmc相的能带结构,并拟合分析了三阶B-M状态方程和XRD图谱.最后,通过分析相变压强范围、体弹模量和XRD图谱,本文认为四方P42/nmc相与立方萤石相是共存的,能很好符合2004年立方TiO_2的实验结果 .     

益母草的振荡指纹图谱分析

采用"H<,2>SO<,4>-KBrO<,3>-MnSO<,4>-丙酮"振荡器,添加一定量的益母草,得到其振荡指纹图谱,同时研究了振荡体系中丙酮、Mn<'2+>、H<'+>和BrO<,3><'->的浓度变化对振荡波形的影响,并分析了振荡周期,振幅和振荡寿命随底物益母草用量的变化规律,据此可用于临床上根据病人的病情调整草...     

新型六方晶型磁载TiO2纳米粒子的合成及其光降解性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在磁性Fe<,3>O<,4>表面包覆TiO<,2>,制备了一种新型六方晶型纳米TiO<,2>/Fe<,3>O<,4>光催化复合材料.X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)对材料形态结构及包覆情况的分析,显示TiO<,2>包覆在Fe<,3>O<,4>表面,对染料废水光催化降解的模拟研究表明,该复合材料...     

高压处理对Cu75.15Al24.85合金组织与电阻率的影响

本文借助金相显微镜, XRD, SEM和DSC等手段对Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金经1-5 GPa压力, 750℃保温15 min处理前后的组织结构进行了分析,并用电阻率测试仪对合金的 电阻率进行测试,以此探讨了高压处理对Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金组织与电阻率的影响. 结果表明:高压处理能细化Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金的组织,增大合金的电阻率, 当压力为3 GPa时,该合金获得的组织最细小,电阻率最大.     

一种双模叠加态光场的两种非线性高阶压缩效应

本文在发展现有理论的基础上提出了双模及多模辐射场的两种非线性高阶压缩(即N次方Y压缩和N次方H压缩)的定义,根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理构造了一美双模叠加志光场|ψ>,对|ψ>的N次方Y压缩及N次方H压缩效应进行了详细研究.结果表明:双模叠加态光场|ψ>是一种典型的非经典光场,它可具有任意阶的N次方Y压缩及N次方H压缩效应;并且,在一定的条件下,这两种非线性高阶压缩效应均可呈现出周期性变化的特性.文献7的单模辐射场振幅N次方压缩的定义,仅仅是本文所提出的N次方Y压缩和N次方H压缩这两种非线性高阶压缩的一般定义在k=1条件下的特例.     

Ca8Mg(SiO4)4Cl2:Eu2+,Nd3+的近红外发光

用高温固相法制备了Ca<,8>Mg(SiO<,4>)<,4>Cl<,2>:Eu<'2+>,Nd<'3+>近红外发光材料,通过X射线衍射仪,近红外,可见发射光谱和激发光谱,荧光寿命等对样品进行了测试.研究了Eu<'2+>、Nd<'3+>的掺杂浓度对近红外发光性能的影响及相对强度变化的规律,结果表明,Ca<,8>Mg(Si...     

YBa2Cu3O7-δ/LaAlO3和Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8/LaAlO3高温超导薄膜内的应变对其微波表面电阻影响的研究

YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ/LaAlO₃ (YBCO/LAO) 超导薄膜是通过热蒸发沉积方法制备的，实验中使用的Tl₂Ba₂CaCu₂O₈/LaAlO₃ (TBCCO/LAO) 超导薄膜是通过直流磁控溅射方法制备的.通过分析两片超导薄膜的XRD谱计算出了两片超导薄膜内的应变，ΔC相似文献