关于单圈图与无交双圈图的邻接矩阵的行列式

研究图的邻接矩阵的行列式主要是为了研究图的零特征值的重数，而零特征值的重数在化学分子结构图的稳定性问题中有广泛的应用．本文给出了单圈图及无交双圈图的邻接矩阵的行列式分类．     

单圈图的最大特征值序

主要讨论了单圈图按其最大特征值进行排序的问题，确定了该序的前六个图。     

单圈图的最大特征值的上界的改进

Let G（V, E） be a unicyclic graph, Cm be a cycle of length m and Cm G, and ui ∈ V（Cm）. The G - E（Cm） are m trees, denoted by Ti, i = 1, 2,..., m. For i = 1, 2,..., m, let eui be the excentricity of ui in Ti and ec = max{eui ： i = 1, 2 , m}. Let κ = ec＋1. Forj = 1,2,...,k- 1, let δij = max{dv ： dist（v, ui） = j,v ∈ Ti}, δj = max{δij ： i = 1, 2,..., m}, δ0 = max{dui ： ui ∈ V（Cm）}. Then λ1（G）≤max{max 2≤j≤k-2 （√δj-1-1＋√δj-1）,2＋√δ0-2,√δ0-2＋√δ1-1}. If G ≌ Cn, then the equality holds, where λ1 （G） is the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of G.     

单圈图依最大特征值的进一步排序

文[3]中确定了单圈图的最大特征值序中的前六个图,本文确定了该序中第七个至第十一个图.     

图的邻接矩阵的行列式与积和式的递推表达式

设A(G)是简单图G的邻接矩阵,H是由G的独立边和不交圈组成的生成子图的集合,e是H中某个图的独立边,C是H中图的圈,且e∈E(C).记G-e是G的删边子图,G\W是从G中删去导出子图W中的顶点及其关联边后得到的图.那么A(G)的行列式为detA(G)=detA(G-e)-detA(G\e)-2(-1)~(|V(C)|)detA(G\C)A(G)的积和式为perA(G)=perA(G-e)+perA(G\e)+2perA(G\C)这里,C取遍H中图的经过边e的圈.     

最大公因数矩阵的行列式

设Ｓ＝｛ｘ１，ｘ２，…，ｘｎ）是含ｎ个不同正整数的集合，（Ｓ）表示定义在Ｓ上的最大公因数矩阵，本文证明了且等号成立当且仅当Ｓ是最大公因数封闭集．     

单圈图的Laplace矩阵的最大特征值

利用阶数给出了单圈图的Laplace矩阵的最大特征值的第一,第二,第三,第四大值及最小值,并刻划达到上,下界的极图。     

完美匹配树的次大和次小的最大特征值

本文讨论完美匹配树的次大和次小的最大特征值问题,得到了次大的最大特征值的上界的明确表达式并确定了达到此上界的极树,同时也得到了次小的最大特征值的下界并确定了相应的极树。     

矩阵和的行列式

行列式是线性代数最基本内容之一 ,矩阵和的行列式是基本类型之一 ,有重要的应用 .但计算较复杂 ,所以在线性代数诸教材中 ,均未见专门讨论 [1 - 4].本文首先给出了矩阵和行列式的新结果 ,并由其简单地推出了Ｃａｕｃｈｙ-Ｂｉｎｅｔ公式 ;然后给出两个矩阵和的行列式 ,由之自然地推出矩阵的特征多项式展开式 ;本结果做为补充材料是一个完整系统的内容 ,可望在线性代数教学中得到应用 .定理 1　设Ａ1 ,Ａ2 ,… ,Ａｓ是ｎ阶方阵 ,Ａｉｊ表示Ａｉ 的第ｊ个列向量 ,且有列向量Ｂ1 ,Ｂ2 ,… ,Ｂｍ 使得Ａｉｊ =∑ｍｋ=1ａｋｉｊＢｋ,ａｉｊ=∑ｓ…     

无交双圈图的邻接矩阵的奇异性

一个无交双圈图G的邻接矩阵是奇异的当且仅当G含有4m(m∈N)阶圈，或G含有完美匹配和G—V(c1)，G-V(c2)均含有完美匹配且G中含有4κ1 3与4e1 1(κ1，e1∈N)阶圈，或G、G-V(c1)、G—V(c2)、G—V(c1)-V(c2)均无完美匹配．无交双圈图的邻接矩阵的最大行列式值为16。     

On the p-Ranks of the Adjacency Matrices of Distance-Regular Graphs

Let be a distance-regular graph with adjacency matrix A. Let I be the identity matrix and J the all-1 matrix. Let p be a prime. We study the p-rank of the matrices A + bJ – cI for integral b, c and the p-rank of corresponding matrices of graphs cospectral with .Using the minimal polynomial of A and the theory of Smith normal forms we first determine which p-ranks of A follow directly from the spectrum and which, in general, do not. For the p-ranks that are not determined by the spectrum (the so-called relevant p-ranks) of A the actual structure of the graph can play a rôle, which means that these p-ranks can be used to distinguish between cospectral graphs.We study the relevant p-ranks for some classes of distance-regular graphs and try to characterize distance-regular graphs by their spectrum and some relevant p-rank.     

Hermitian Adjacency Matrix of Digraphs and Mixed Graphs

The article gives a thorough introduction to spectra of digraphs via its Hermitian adjacency matrix. This matrix is indexed by the vertices of the digraph, and the entry corresponding to an arc from x to y is equal to the complex unity i (and its symmetric entry is ) if the reverse arc is not present. We also allow arcs in both directions and unoriented edges, in which case we use 1 as the entry. This allows to use the definition also for mixed graphs. This matrix has many nice properties; it has real eigenvalues and the interlacing theorem holds for a digraph and its induced subdigraphs. Besides covering the basic properties, we discuss many differences from the properties of eigenvalues of undirected graphs and develop basic theory. The main novel results include the following. Several surprising facts are discovered about the spectral radius; some consequences of the interlacing property are obtained; operations that preserve the spectrum are discussed—they give rise to a large number of cospectral digraphs; for every , all digraphs whose spectrum is contained in the interval are determined.     

一类不可约多项式的邻接矩阵

Dong和Pei在文[Construction for de Bruijn sequences with large stage,Des.Codes Cryptogr,2017,85(2):343-358]中利用F_2[x]的n次不可约多项式构造大级数de Bruijn序列.不可约多项式的邻接矩阵从理论上给出了这种方法能构造de Bruijn序列的数目.我们给出一类特殊不可约多项式的邻接矩阵,从理论上给出了用这类不可约多项式能够构造的de Bruijn序列的数目.     

Factor-Critical Graphs with Given Number of Maximum Matchings

A connected graph G is said to be factor-critical if G − ν has a perfect matching for every vertex ν of G. In this paper, the factor-critical graphs G with |V(G)| maximum matchings and with |V(G)| + 1 ones are characterized, respectively. From this, some special bicritical graphs are characterized. This work is supported by the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.20070574006) and the NNSF(10201019) of China.     

Perfect Matchings of Regular Bipartite Graphs

Let G be a regular bipartite graph and . We show that there exist perfect matchings of G containing both, an odd and an even number of edges from X if and only if the signed graph , that is a graph G with exactly the edges from X being negative, is not equivalent to . In fact, we prove that for a given signed regular bipartite graph with minimum signature, it is possible to find perfect matchings that contain exactly no negative edges or an arbitrary one preselected negative edge. Moreover, if the underlying graph is cubic, there exists a perfect matching with exactly two preselected negative edges. As an application of our results we show that each signed regular bipartite graph that contains an unbalanced circuit has a 2‐cycle‐cover such that each cycle contains an odd number of negative edges.     

图的最小特征值

In this paper we investigate the least eigenvalue of a graph whose complement is connected, and present a lower bound for the least eigenvalue of such graph. We also characterize the unique graph whose least eigenvalue attains the second minimum among all graphs of fixed order.     

零度为$n-7$的双圈符号图

Let Γ be a signed graph and A(Γ) be the adjacency matrix of Γ. The nullity ofΓ is the multiplicity of eigenvalue zero in the spectrum of A(Γ). In this paper, the connected bicyclic signed graphs(including simple bicyclic graphs) of order n with nullity n-7 are completely characterized.