油水两相流质量流量小波网络软测量模型研究

在工业过程中,油水两相流的测量非常重要.本文研究了一种油水质量流量的软测量方法.此方法采用V型内锥测量油水两相流差压信号,构建了一个多输入单输出的自适应小波网络用于逼近油水两相流质量流量模型,实现总质量流量的软测量.研究重点是均相的油水两相流在水平管道中的质量流量测量.实验结果表明,结合V型内锥差压测量和自适应小波神经网络的软测量方法可以应用于均相的油水两相流的总质量流量测量,测量误差较小.     

基于车载通信标准街道场景的电磁散射信道模型

针对室外无线信道视距(line of sight,LOS)/非视距(non-line of sight,NLOS)传输环境下的车到车(vehicular-to-vehicular,V2V)通信系统,本文提出了一种基于标准街道散射的统计信道模型,其移动发射机(mobile transmitter,MT)与移动接收机(mobile receiver,MR)处于运动状态,街道两旁分布的散射体固定.由几何模型出发又引入了一种随机的参考信道模型,其散射体有无穷多个,均以平行于街道两侧的散射条纹形式均匀分布在三维(three dimensional,3D)空间的一个二维(two dimensional,2D)矩形内部.在室外街道通信环境下,模型推导了散射信道中发射角(angle of departure,AOD)以及到达角(angle of arrival,AOA)的概率密度函数(probability density functions,PDFs)解析式;研究了多普勒功率谱密度(power spectral density,PSD)及其时间自相关函数(autocorrelation function,ACF);分析了模型多普勒参数以及街道散射体等因素对V2V通信系统性能的影响.与城市、农村的测量信道对比分析,表明本模型仿真的统计特性符合理论与实际,拓宽了室外V2V无线通信信道建模的研究.为评估室外V2V通信系统的传输特性、仿真无线通信系统提供了有力的研究工具.     

考虑车与车互联通讯技术的交通流跟驰模型

基于Newell跟驰模型,建立考虑车与车互联(vehicle-to-vehicle,V2V)通讯技术的单车道跟驰模型.根据V2V技术的特征,引入参数α以表征驾驶员在收到V2V技术所提供的实时交通信息后的提前反应程度.根据线性稳定分析方法,得到V2V跟驰模型的中性稳定条件.通过计算机的模拟,研究V2V技术对交通流运行的影响,分析小扰动下V2V跟驰模型对参数变化的敏感性,研究不同α取值下交通流密度波及迟滞回环的变化.研究发现:1)与全速度差跟驰模型相比,在引入V2V后,交通流在加速起步、减速刹车及遇到突发事件时,车辆运行的安全性和舒适性均得到不同程度的提升;2)V2V跟驰模型对参数α及T的变化较为敏感,且在交通流较为拥堵时,V2V技术的引入可以提升交通流的平均速度;3)参数α的增大、T的减小可以有效提升V2V跟驰模型在不同交通环境下的运行稳定性.由于可以实时地获取交通流运行的状态并针对性地改变车辆自身的运行,V2V交通流跟驰模型提升了交通流运行的稳定性.     

某组合体模型气动热数据相关性研究

为进行高超声速气动热数据相关性研究, 选取了一平板-锥组合体模型为研究对象, 开展不同缩比模型的风洞试验, 分别使用3种不同方法进行气动热试验数据的相关性研究.研究结果表明, 使用正激波后Reynolds数Re_ns和修正的黏性干扰系数V*/S_w可以将不同缩比模型不同来流条件下的Stanton数进行较好的关联, Stanton数与正激波后Reynolds数Re_ns成反比例关系, 与修正的黏性干扰系数V*/S_w成正比例关系.最后基于相关性研究结论和理论分析, 提出了一种模型表面传热现象的数学模型.      

一种新的软件测试过程模型—“跑道”模型

软件的测试过程模型在软件的开发过程中起着重要的指导作用,其实施效果的好坏能够直接影响软件的质量,通过分析一些典型的测试模型如X模型、W模型、V模型等的特点和不足,结合软件开发实际需求和软件测试过程模型的设计原则,提出了一种改进的软件测试过程模型——“跑道”模型,该模型能体现出设计与测试的全过程,强调了客户、设计人员和测试人员之间互动的必要性,将该模型应用到智能电表与计量终端软件的开发过程中,在提高软件测试效率、保证软件质量方面有着明显优势。     

玻尔-莫特逊模型与相互作用玻色子模型的比较

本文分析了玻尔-莫特逊模型以及相互作用玻色子模型的基本论点, 回顾了其他作者对这两种模型所作的比较, 然后用生成坐标方法直接对这两种模型进行了全面的比较, 指出了它们既基本相当又存在一定的差异, 并简短地指出了判别这些差异的可能性.     

风力机动态失速降阶模型

在非定常气动环境下运行的风力机会引发动态失速的现象。由此对风力机翼型的非定常气动力用两种降阶模型(Volterra级数模型和基于代理模型的递归结构模型)进行了预测。本文对两种模型进行了简要分析。为了说明模型对非定常气动力预测的能力,将预测结果与CFD仿真结果进行了比较。结果表明在轻度失速工况下两种模型都有较好的预测能力,在深度失速工况下基于代理模型的递归结构模型的精度较高。因此也可以认为这两种降阶模型对风力机的气动弹性问题的分析和优化是有益的。     

最优速度模型与元胞自动机模型的比较研究

用解析分析与数值仿真的手段研究了一种典型的车辆跟驰模型(OV模型)与元胞自动机模型(NS模型)之间的区别与联系.首先通过对模型规则的分析,证明了确定NS模型是OV模型的一种离散形式.随后针对两模型更复杂的具体形式,通过数值仿真的手段进行了模型的密度-流量关系与模型在开放边界下的动态特性的研究.实验结果表明,从现象来看,OV模型与NS模型具有非常近似的性质,但两种模型的机制不相同,并且各自具有不能相互替代的优势.为交通流模型的使用和改进提供了参考.     

平行场下的SMES磁体磁滞损耗计算模型的分析

本文首先介绍了单芯高温超导带材交流损耗的机理,然后以SMES磁体磁滞损耗计算为例,分析了两种单芯超导带材磁滞损耗计算模型的计算结果,发现在不同场强范围内两种模型计算结果有明显的差异,并给出了计算交流损耗时两种模型的适用范围.最后简要说明了两种模型计算结果不同的原因.     

CFETR中心螺管模型线圈电源主回路设计

针对CFETR中心螺管模型线圈低温通电实验要求,开展了模型线圈测试电源系统及主回路的初步研究。根据交流测试电流波形,设计了电源主回路的拓扑结构,满足线圈电压1k V、电流47.3k A的参数要求。针对电路结构中的几个关键部件,阐述了四象限变流器的设计及工作原理,计算了换流电阻的阻值大小,并基于绝热模型下线圈的热点温度分析,给出在热点温度T180K、绝缘电压V≤2.5k V条件下移能电阻的阻值选取范围。为后期模型线圈的实验运行和测试电源系统的工程设计提供依据。     

Transmission calculation by empirical numerical model and Monte Carlo simulation in high energy proton radiography of thick objects

An empirical numerical model that includes nuclear absorption, multiple Coulomb scattering and energy loss is presented for the calculation of transmission through thick objects in high energy proton radiography. In this numerical model the angular distributions are treated as Gaussians in the laboratory frame. A Monte Carlo program based on the Geant4 toolkit was developed and used for high energy proton radiography experiment simulations and verification of the empirical numerical model. The two models are used to calculate the transmission fraction of carbon and lead step-wedges in proton radiography at 24 Ge V/c, and to calculate radial transmission of the French Test Object in proton radiography at 24 Ge V/c with different angular cuts. It is shown that the results of the two models agree with each other, and an analysis of the slight differences is given.     

Bifurcation analysis of the sixteen-vertex model

We shall construct a hierarchy of subclasses of the 16-vertex model having qualitatively different symmetry properties. We determine the bifurcation points in the parameter space of the model where new symmetry elements are added to the invariance group of the partition function. In this paper we restrict ourselves to the study of site-dependent transformations converting a homogeneous 16-vertex model into a different homogeneous model. Apart from a trivial transformation, resulting in a change of sign of all vertex weights, such site-dependent transformations exist only for those points in parameter space where particular relations are satisfied. The solution of these relations gives rise to three 6-parameter families of models, two of which are equivalent to the general 8-vertex model, and two families of 4-parameter models. The primary bifurcation models depending on six parameters contain three different types of secondary bifurcation models, depending on 4 parameters, one of which is equivalent to Baxter's symmetric 8-vertex model.     

Rank-based deactivation model for networks with age

We study the impact of age on network evolution which couples addition of new nodes and deactivation of old ones. During evolution, each node experiences two stages: active and inactive. The transition from the active state to the inactive one is based on the rank of the node. In this paper, we adopt age as a criterion of ranking, and propose two deactivation models that generalize previous research. In model A, the older active node possesses the higher rank, whereas in model B, the younger active node takes the higher rank. We make a comparative study between the two models through the node-degree distribution.     

Imposing causality on a matrix model

We introduce a new matrix model that describes Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) in two dimensions. In order to do so, we introduce a new, simpler definition of 2D CDT and show it to be equivalent to the old one. The model makes use of ideas from dually weighted matrix models, combined with multi-matrix models, and can be studied by the method of character expansion.     

Holstein model and Datta model of dephasing in one-dimensional chains

We consider the recently proposed “momentum conserving” dephasing model of Golizadeh-Mojarad and Datta [R. Golizadeh-Mojarad, S. Datta, Phys. Rev. B 75 (2007) 081301(R)] versus the “momentum relaxing” Holstein dephasing model. For both models, a detailed analysis of the coherent and incoherent components of the transmission coefficient is presented. The comparison between the two models reveals significant differences in the scaling properties of the coherent and incoherent contributions as functions of the dephasing strength and the length of the region where it acts. We also provide an analytic model that describes the peculiar behavior of the coherent component of the transmission coefficient. Our simulations are based on the Keldysh Green’s function method in the tight-binding framework.     

Percolation model, Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model and localization-delocalization model of spin glass transition: A comparative study

We recast the original results of our percolation model of the spin glass transition into alternative forms so as to reveal some apparent “similarities” with the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model. However, because of the basic difference in the nature of the interactions in the two models, the reason for these “similarities” remains unclear. A close relation between the percolation model of the spin glass transition and the localization-decolization transition is also discussed qualitatively.     

A model of nonlinear electrodynamics

A new model of nonlinear electrodynamics with two parameters is investigated. We also consider a model with one dimensional parameter. It was shown that the electric field of a point-like charge is not singular at the origin and there is the finiteness of the static electric energy of point-like charged particle. We obtain the canonical and symmetrical Belinfante energy–momentum tensors and dilatation currents. It is demonstrated that the dilatation symmetry and dual symmetry are broken in the models suggested. We have calculated the static electric energy of point-like particles.     

A non-equilibrium Ising model of turbulence

We introduce a model of interacting lattices at different resolutions driven by the two-dimensional Ising dynamics with a nearest-neighbor interaction. We study this model both with tools borrowed from equilibrium statistical mechanics as well as non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Our findings show that this model keeps the signature of the equilibrium phase transition. The critical temperature of the equilibrium models corresponds to the state maximizing the entropy and delimits two out-of-equilibrium regimes, one satisfying the Onsager relations for systems close to equilibrium and one resembling convective turbulent states. Since the model preserves the entropy and energy fluxes in the scale space, it seems a good candidate for parametric studies of out-of-equilibrium turbulent systems.