共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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针对高能闪光照相投影图像消模糊难度大的问题,提出了一种基于全变分正则化的消模糊图像重建算法,该算法根据闪光照相的成像特点,将客体的纵向截面作为一个整体来进行建模,并在重建方程中考虑了模糊因素,然后采用全变分范数作为正则项,构建了用于消模糊图像重建的展平泛函,将消模糊图像重建问题转化为能量泛函极小化问题,通过固定点迭代算法求解图像重建问题的最小化解。数值模拟结果表明:该算法由于考虑了闪光照相成像时的图像模糊因素,在重建时能够较好地消除模糊对重建结果的影响,在抑制噪声的同时能较好地保持图像的边缘信息,有利于提高重建图像的质量。 相似文献
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研究了利用高能闪光照相方法实现密度分布测量的技术.根据闪光照相投影成像原理,将成像过程中的非线性成像因素看成一个综合性的非线性算子,利用先验测量的方法该非线性算子的响应曲线,利用该曲线校正成像图像得到待测客体的光程分布图像.采用以最小误差为重建准则的代数重建法,从光程分布图像中重建出照相客体的线吸收系数分布.最后利用相对等效质量吸收系数以及客体总质量不变的约束条件,获得照相客体的空间密度分布.在高能闪光照相实验平台上进行了静态客体的密度测量实验,测量的均方根误差约为10%. 相似文献
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基于优化的迭代法,可以结合压缩感知和低秩矩阵等稀疏优化技术高精度地重建图像.其中,总变差最小(total variation minimization,TV)模型是一种简单有效的优化模型.传统的约束TV模型,使用数据保真项为约束项,TV正则项为目标函数.本文研究TV约束的、数据分离最小(TV constrained,data divergence minimization,TVcDM)新型TV模型及其求解算法.详细推导了TVcDM模型的Chambolle-Pock(CP)算法,验证了模型及算法的正确性;分析了算法的收敛行为;评估了模型的稀疏重建能力;分析了模型参数的选择对重建的影响及算法参数对收敛速率的影响.研究表明,TVcDM模型有高精度稀疏重建能力;TVcDM-CP算法确保收敛,但迭代过程中有振荡现象;TV限对重建有重要影响,参数值过大会引入噪声而过小会模糊图像细节;算法参数的不同选取会导致不同的收敛速率. 相似文献
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A number of reconstruction algorithms for differential phase-contrast computed tomography reconstruct the refractive index decrement using the refraction angles of X-rays. However, these approaches require that the refraction angle at each view be extracted from several raw images captured at the same view, leading to unacceptably long exposure times and huge X-ray doses. We develop an iterative reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the complex refractive index from raw images gathered only once at each view angle. Using the Tikhonov regularization method as basis, we simultaneously obtain the refractive index decrement and attenuation coefficient by minimizing the cost function. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively yields reconstructed images of low noise level. 相似文献
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The reconstruction of magnetic resonance (MR) images from the partial samples of their k-space data using compressed sensing (CS)-based methods has generated a lot of interest in recent years. To reconstruct the MR images, these techniques exploit the sparsity of the image in a transform domain (wavelets, total variation, etc.). In a recent work, it has been shown that it is also possible to reconstruct MR images by exploiting their rank deficiency. In this work, it will be shown that, instead of exploiting the sparsity of the image or rank deficiency alone, better reconstruction results can be achieved by combining transform domain sparsity with rank deficiency.To reconstruct an MR image using its transform domain sparsity and its rank deficiency, this work proposes a combined l1-norm (of the transform coefficients) and nuclear norm (of the MR image matrix) minimization problem. Since such an optimization problem has not been encountered before, this work proposes and derives a first-order algorithm to solve it.The reconstruction results show that the proposed approach yields significant improvements, in terms of both visual quality as well as the signal to noise ratio, over previous works that reconstruct MR images either by exploiting rank deficiency or by the standard CS-based technique popularly known as the ‘Sparse MRI.’ 相似文献
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《中国物理C(英文版)》2016,(5)
Breast-dedicated positron emission tomography(PET) imaging techniques have been developed in recent years. Their capacities to detect millimeter-sized breast tumors have been the subject of many studies. Some of them have been confirmed with good results in clinical applications. With regard to biopsy application, a double-plane detector arrangement is practicable, as it offers the convenience of breast immobilization. However, the serious blurring effect of the double-plane PET, with changeable spacing for different breast sizes, should be studied. We investigated a high resolution reconstruction method applicable for a double-plane PET. The distance between the detector planes is changeable. Geometric and blurring components were calculated in real-time for different detector distances, and accurate geometric sensitivity was obtained with a new tube area model. Resolution recovery was achieved by estimating blurring effects derived from simulated single gamma response information. The results showed that the new geometric modeling gave a more finite and smooth sensitivity weight in the double-plane PET.The blurring component yielded contrast recovery levels that could not be reached without blurring modeling, and improved visual recovery of the smallest spheres and better delineation of the structures in the reconstructed images were achieved with the blurring component. Statistical noise had lower variance at the voxel level with blurring modeling at matched resolution, compared to without blurring modeling. In distance-changeable double-plane PET,finite resolution modeling during reconstruction achieved resolution recovery, without noise amplification. 相似文献
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X射线医学成像能观察到患者体内病变组织,对医学诊断有重要参考价值。针对传统医学X射线图像噪声强、层次感差和器官组织重叠的问题,提出利用多能谱X射线成像结合独立成分分析(independent component analysis, ICA)进行图像去噪和目标提取。首先ICA结合稀疏编码收缩法对图像降噪预处理以保证目标提取精度;然后根据图像中各目标组成特性,分离图像中每个像素对应的目标厚度矩阵;最后ICA以盲分离理论获得收敛矩阵重建出目标对象。在ICA算法中,借助于主观评价标准,发现当收敛次数大于40时目标分离成功;当幅值尺度在[25, 45]区间内,目标图像对比度高且失真较小。同时,通过观测实验得到的三维峰值信噪比图表明:ICA算法中收敛次数和幅值对图像质量有较大影响,当重建图像的对比度和边缘信息均达到较好效果时,收敛次数与幅值为85和35。 相似文献
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对含高密度差材料的大尺寸多层球壳构件采用双能CT方法进行无损检测,当采用高能射线扫描时,低Z材料区对射线基本无阻挡,而采用低能射线扫描时又会被高Z材料区截断,因此需要根据双能射线投影特征开展针对性的图像重建方法研究。首先,根据材料结构特征建立仿真模型,分别模拟得到高、低能射线的投影正弦图,然后采用滤波反投影和代数重建法等算法进行图像重建。通过仿真和比较分析,得出先融合投影再重建图像的方法要整体优于先分别重建再融合图像的方法。另外,为保证图像重建质量,在进行扫描射线能量选择时,要考虑提高局部投影质量,更要尽量减少被截断的总投影量。 相似文献
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Ryosuke Kasai Yusaku Yamaguchi Takeshi Kojima Omar M. Abou Al-Ola Tetsuya Yoshinaga 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,23(8)
The problem of tomographic image reconstruction can be reduced to an optimization problem of finding unknown pixel values subject to minimizing the difference between the measured and forward projections. Iterative image reconstruction algorithms provide significant improvements over transform methods in computed tomography. In this paper, we present an extended class of power-divergence measures (PDMs), which includes a large set of distance and relative entropy measures, and propose an iterative reconstruction algorithm based on the extended PDM (EPDM) as an objective function for the optimization strategy. For this purpose, we introduce a system of nonlinear differential equations whose Lyapunov function is equivalent to the EPDM. Then, we derive an iterative formula by multiplicative discretization of the continuous-time system. Since the parameterized EPDM family includes the Kullback–Leibler divergence, the resulting iterative algorithm is a natural extension of the maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (MLEM) method. We conducted image reconstruction experiments using noisy projection data and found that the proposed algorithm outperformed MLEM and could reconstruct high-quality images that were robust to measured noise by properly selecting parameters. 相似文献
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二进制信号的压缩感知问题对应超奈奎斯特信号系统中未编码的二进制符号的检测问题, 具有重要的研究意义. 已有的二进制信号压缩测量采用高斯随机矩阵, 信号重构采用经典的l1最小化方法. 本文利用混沌映射构造基于Cat序列的循环测量矩阵, 并提出一种针对二进制信号的全新的重构算法——平滑函数逼近法. 文章构造的混沌循环测量矩阵兼具确定性和随机性的优点, 能够抵御低信令效率和低信噪比的影响, 取得更好的压缩测量效果. 文章提出的平滑函数逼近法利用非凸函数代替原问题不连续的目标函数, 将组合优化问题转化为具有等式约束的优化问题进行求解. 利用稀疏贝叶斯学习算法进一步修正误差, 得到更准确的重构信号. 在信道含有加性高斯白噪声的条件下对二进制信号进行了压缩测量与重构的数值仿真, 仿真结果表明:基于Cat 序列的循环测量矩阵的压缩测量效果明显优于传统的高斯随机矩阵; 平滑函数逼近法对二进制信号的重构性能明显优于经典的l1最小化方法. 相似文献
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利用相干X射线衍射成像“过采样”采集样品的远场相干衍射图样, 结合相位重建迭代算法重建物空间样品信息. 三维重建过程中, 边界约束条件是相位重建算法中最为关键的部分. 本文采用数字模拟的方法, 利用灰度值图像作为物空间的样品, 研究并实现了边界条件的自动寻找, 重建结果显示比以往采用较“松”的边界约束更为精确. 利用噪声模拟方法, 研究了衍射图样中不同噪声类型的滤除对重建结果的影响. 研究发现传统的去噪方法在高噪声情况下不能直接应用于相干X射线衍射成像, 并找到了适用于相干X射线衍射成像噪声滤除的有效方法. 研究表明, 此方法能非常有效地降低噪声对重建结果的影响. 利用模拟三维纳米金颗粒作为样品, 完成了对纳米金颗粒中电子密度分布的三维重建, 在有随机噪声的影响下, 也得到了很好的重建结果, 并找到了成功实现三维重建的噪声限为信噪比不低于27.
关键词:
X射线相干衍射成像
过采样
三维相位重建
显微成像 相似文献
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We consider the problem of super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) in MRI. Subpixel-shifted MR images were taken in several fields of view (FOVs) to reconstruct a high-resolution image. A novel algorithm is presented. The algorithm can be applied locally and guarantees perfect reconstruction in the absence of noise. Results that demonstrate resolution improvement are given for phantom studies (mathematical model) as well as for MRI studies of a phantom carried out with a GE clinical scanner. The method raises questions that are discussed in the last section of the paper. Open questions should be answered in order to apply this method for clinical purposes. 相似文献