基于平面孔靶对本底X光及激光挂边的研究

在神光-Ⅲ和神光-Ⅲ原型装置上基于平面孔靶研究了激光挂边及本底X光发射情况。能量卡计直接测量激光挂边份额;X光针孔相机给出本底X光发射的空间图像;平响应X光探测器测量本底X光的强度。实验结果表明：在神光-Ⅲ原型上800 m注入孔时,针孔图像中本底X光计数与黑腔漏失辐射流计数的比值约为1.2%;在神光-Ⅲ上1000 m注入孔时,平响应X光探测器测得的本底X光干扰的峰值约为2.7%,能量卡计测得的激光挂边份额约为2.6%。此外,根据神光-Ⅲ的实验参数模拟计算了激光挂边份额和本底X光的干扰。与实验结果的对比说明了该模型的正确性,可以用该模型评估激光挂边及本底X光发射情况,同时可以用该模型指导注入孔尺寸的选择。     

多种X光激光靶的研究

Ｘ光激光靶是Ｘ光激光实验重要组成部分。针对不同Ｘ光激光打靶方案，开展多种Ｘ光激光靶的制备和参数测量。     

多种X光激光靶的研究

X光激光靶是X光激光实验重要组成部分。针对不同X光激光打靶方案,开展多种X光激光靶的制备和参数测量,为一系列成功的X光激光实验提供了优质的X光激光靶。     

提高X光激光相干性的镶嵌靶的研究

 在以锗等离子体为增益介质的X光激光实验研究中，使用铜锗镶嵌靶可以获得一维横向宽度很窄的柱状等离子体，这有利于X光激光的单横模输出。本文对铜锗镶嵌靶进行了实验研究。     

提高X光激光相干性的镶嵌靶的研究

在以锗等离子体为增益介质的X光激光实验研究中,使用铜锗镶嵌靶可以获得一维横向宽度很窄的柱状等离子体,这有利于X光激光的单横模输出。本文对铜锗镶嵌靶进行了实验研究。     

空腔靶X光发射特性研究

在“神光”装置上对几种类型的空腔靶进行了激光打靶实验,我们利用亚千X光透射光栅谱仪(TGS)、针孔相机(PC)、以及平响应X光二极管(P-XRD)对激光等离子体X光发射特性进行了研究。基本上弄清了空腔靶源区、向爆区X光发射特性。为激光间接驱动内爆的理论数值模拟和靶的优化设计提供了实验依据。     

金箔靶背侧X光辐射的实验研究

利用星光Ⅱ激光装置钕玻璃三倍频激光辐照金箔靶，实验研究了金箔靶背侧发射的Ｘ光能谱，时间过程和秀过激光能量。结果表明：金箔背侧发的Ｘ光可以作为一种较干净的强Ｘ光射源。     

1.06μm激光辐照金盘靶的软X光转换

在１．０６μｍ激光辐照金盘靶实验中，利用坪响应Ｘ光二级管探测器测量了软Ｘ光能量（０．１－１．５ｋｅＶ）角分布，得到了软Ｘ光转换效率。实验条件：激光波长λＬ＝１．０６μｍ，ＥＬ＝６０－５００Ｊ，τｐｍ≈８００ｐｓ，ｆ／１．７，ＩＬ＝１０＾１＾３－１０＾１＾４Ｗ／ｃｍ＾２。实验结果表明：软Ｘ光能量角分粗略呈α＋ｂｃｏｓθ分布，软Ｘ光转换效率随激光强度的增加而降低。当靶面激光焦斑直径２３５μｍ，激光强度     

激光间接驱动内爆靶丸的X光诊断

 报道了神光Ⅱ激光聚变实验中内爆燃料靶丸区电子温度、电子密度以及燃料面密度的X光诊断结果。在电子温度诊断中,采用X射线光谱学方法,根据聚变靶丸燃料区的Ar示踪元素的Ly-β线与He-β线的强度比推断出靶丸燃料区电子温度为(950±100) eV;在电子密度诊断中,利用靶丸燃料区Ar元素的He-β线Stark展宽确定聚变靶丸芯部的电子密度为(0.9±0.2)×10²⁴ cm^-3;在燃料区面密度诊断中,利用X光单能照相技术获得了内爆靶丸的燃料面密度为（3.2±0.5） mg/cm²。     

激光间接驱动内爆靶丸的X光诊断

报道了神光Ⅱ激光聚变实验中内爆燃料靶丸区电子温度、电子密度以及燃料面密度的X光诊断结果。在电子温度诊断中,采用X射线光谱学方法,根据聚变靶丸燃料区的Ar示踪元素的Ly-β线与He-β线的强度比推断出靶丸燃料区电子温度为(950±100) eV;在电子密度诊断中,利用靶丸燃料区Ar元素的He-β线Stark展宽确定聚变靶丸芯部的电子密度为(0.9±0.2)×1024 cm-3;在燃料区面密度诊断中,利用X光单能照相技术获得了内爆靶丸的燃料面密度为（3.2±0.5） mg/cm2。     

Laser Doppler vibrometry based on self-mixing effect

In this paper, a simple, compact and low cost laser Doppler vibrometer is presented. It is simply composed of a laser diode (9 mm in diameter, 2 g of weight, emitting at 825 nm) and by a two-lens optical system designed to focus the laser radiation on the vibrating target. This sensor can measure target velocity. The working principle is based on the self-mixing effect that occurs in a semiconductor laser diode when the emitted radiation is back reflected toward the cavity and then re-introduced inside. The target velocity is calculated measuring the frequency of the peak of the spectrum of the signal generated by a photodiode mounted on the back facet of the laser diode. In this article, the design and the realisation of the vibrometer is reported. The self-mixing vibrometer has been calibrated in the range 0–300 mm/s, using a rotating disk covered with white paper. The effect of the angle of measurement and target distance are reported. Finally, the sensor has been compared with a commercial laser Doppler vibrometer using a vibrating surface as a target.     

Laser nanosources based on planar photonic crystals as new platforms for nanophotonic devices

Two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers have been fabricated on III–V semiconductor slabs. Tuning of the spontaneous emission in micro and nanocavities has been achieved by accurate control of the slab thickness. Different structures, some of them of new application to photonic crystal lasers, have been fabricated like the Suzuki-phase or the coupled-cavity ring-like resonators. Laser emission has been obtained by pulsed optical pumping. Optical characterization of the lasing modes have been performed showing one or more laser peaks centred around 1.55 μm. Far field characterization of the emission pattern has been realized showing different patterns depending on the geometrical shape of the structures. These kinds of devices may be used as efficient nanolaser sources for optical communications or optical sensors.     

Nanophotonics and nanometrology with planar X-ray waveguide-resonator

The mechanism of X-ray waveguide-resonance propagation or the radiation superstream model, which can become the ground of X-ray nanophotonics, is discussed briefly. Some attention is devoted to features consideration of the simplest devices characterized by the waveguide-resonance transportation of X-ray beams. The experimental data showing the user possibilities of a simplest waveguide-resonators application for diffractometry are presented. We discuss the main reasons to improve the metrological characteristics for total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analytical method in case when the target exciting beam is formed by a waveguide-resonator. Some problems appearing during the waveguide-resonator application are formulated.     

基于X射线塔尔博特效应的纳米光栅制作模拟研究

沿纳米多层膜生长方向切割可制成周期只有几纳米而厚度几十微米的切片多层膜光栅. 基于该切片多层膜光栅塔尔博特自成像效应的X射线光刻是一种新型的纳米图样制作方法. 已有学者用该方法完成了百纳米结构光栅的制作. 采用严格耦合波方法, 本文模拟计算了切片多层膜光栅在满足塔尔博特自成像条件下的后表面光场分布, 详细讨论三个影响光栅后表面成像质量的重要参数:光栅厚度、材料厚度所占比例和多层膜周期. 模拟结果表明, 光栅厚度不仅影响X射线透射率, 还会改变像面条纹衬比度. 材料厚度比的大小直接决定像面是否存在清晰条纹, 选取合适的材料厚度比, 得到了前人实验中近场反常成像现象. 计算还表明, 在一定条件下, 采用周期更小的多层膜光栅有望获得更高分辨率的纳米图形, 这说明使用塔尔博特效应制作更加精细的纳米结构图形具有可行性.     

X光掠入射平面镜反射率标定及应用

本文在简介软Ｘ光掠入射平面反射镜基本工作原理及其制备的基础上，着重阐述了镍平面镜的反射率标定过程，给出了标定结果，且用于激光－等离子体亚仟Ｘ光福射谱测量，提高了能谱测量精度。     

平面镜反射率的标定及修正

 研究了用同步辐射源标定软X光掠入射平面镜的反射率。实验采用北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)-3W1B束线及反射率计靶室,在50~1 500 eV能区,做了C,Si,Ni和Au材料平面镜在1°~7°掠射角下的反射率标定曲线。由于3W1B束线的单色器采用变间距光栅作色散元件,光栅分光必然存在高次谐波,高次谐波严重影响光源的单色性,从而给平面镜的反射率标定值带来误差。前置滤片虽然能有效抵制高次谐波,但不能完全消除高次谐波。为此,利用透射光栅对光源做了单色性研究,给出高次谐波在不同能区所占光源强度的比例,从而对平面镜反射率标定值做出修正。     

平面镜反射率的标定及修正

研究了用同步辐射源标定软X光掠入射平面镜的反射率。实验采用北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)-3W1B束线及反射率计靶室,在50~1 500 eV能区,做了C,Si,Ni和Au材料平面镜在1°~7°掠射角下的反射率标定曲线。由于3W1B束线的单色器采用变间距光栅作色散元件,光栅分光必然存在高次谐波,高次谐波严重影响光源的单色性,从而给平面镜的反射率标定值带来误差。前置滤片虽然能有效抵制高次谐波,但不能完全消除高次谐波。为此,利用透射光栅对光源做了单色性研究,给出高次谐波在不同能区所占光源强度的比例,从而对平面镜反射率标定值做出修正。     

Terahertz planar lenses based on plasmonic metasurfaces

Plasmonic planar lenses on silicon substrate are designed to realize terahertz (THz) wave focusing. Super-unit-cells containing eight different resonant units are presented to construct eight concentric rings on the silicon substrate. By controlling of the position distribution of the resonant units, it is shown that focusing at 4.3 THz can be achieved. Moreover, due to that the eight units can steer THz wave and keep phase gradient in frequency range of 4.2 to 4.5 THz, the metalenses can realize broadband THz focusing. The results imply the potential applications in THz wave control devices of light collection and multi-channel optical communication.     

Ultra-broadband and polarization-independent planar absorber based on multilayered graphene

We propose an ultra-broadband and polarization independent planar absorber comprising multilayered graphene. The bandwidth of the proposed absorber is extended by increasing the number of layers of graphene, and it is polarization independent due to its symmetrical unit structure. The full wave simulation results show that an absorber with three graphenebased layers can efficiently harvest an electromagnetic wave with random polarization from 17.9 GHz to 188.7 GHz(i.e.,covering frequency regimes from K to D bands and relative bandwidth of ~ 165%). The physical absorption mechanism of ultra-broadband absorption has been elaborated upon using the destructive interference method and multiple resonances approach in a multilayered medium. The proposed absorber can be used in many applications such as medical treatment,electromagnetic compatibility, and stealth technique.