HL-2A装置偏滤器室中性气体压强的初步研究

HL-2A装置上首次实现了偏滤器位形放电。采用专门研制的可在强磁场和强噪声环境下工作的快响应真空电离规对偏滤器室内的中性气体压强进行了测量,给出了HL-2A装置偏滤器有关结构的基础数据。初步研究了偏滤器位形和孔栏位形放电期间偏滤器室中性气体压强的特性。     

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设计了HL-2A装置主机真空室烘烤温度反馈控制系统,用实验法获得系统近似数学模型,建立了HL-2A装置烘烤系统阶跃响应模型。运用控制理论对系统性能指标进行了设计分析,利用Simulink软件对控制系统进行了稳定性分析,通过西门子PLC300系统对此控制系统进行了软硬件实现。     

托卡马克电源窄带宽近基频间谐波检测方法

为解决托卡马克磁体电源系统中出现的低频谐波检测问题,研究了基于可调参数 Q 的 F42N150 单 频模拟陷波器和椭圆数字带通滤波器的混合检测算法。通过边界优化有效剔除干扰基波及 5 次谐波,实现有效的 频谱分离。利用 MATLAB 优化了为设计过程进行,使用基于 DSP 的数字分析系统进行了试验验证,验证了检测 算法的正确性和有效性。      

On confinement characteristics of the newly developed sawtooth-free plasmas in KSTAR tokamak

Development of advanced scenarios, an important experimental goal of the Korea superconducting tokamak advanced research (KSTAR) project, has just begun. The safety factor (q) profile is a key to achieve these advanced scenarios. Particularly the hybrid scenario, one of the advanced scenarios, can be established generally with low magnetic shear (s) at the center with central q-value above unity so to avoid sawtooth instability. This q-profile was successfully produced using early divertor formation during a plasma current ramp-up phase in KSTAR. Auxiliary heating was also employed during the current ramp-up phase to delay the inductive current diffusion to the center of the plasma. In addition to the early divertor formation method, the target q-profile was attempted to be achieved by modifying the plasma current waveform using the so-called, ‘current-overshoot’ method and the timing of L-mode to H-mode transition. In this work, the confinement characteristics of these sawtooth-free regimes are investigated. The global energy confinement time is calculated and compared with that of conventional H-modes in KSTAR. The confinement enhancement factor reveals that the newly developed discharges are not improved over H-modes contrary to results of other tokamaks. To investigate the reason, transport modeling is performed self-consistently with an integrated simulation package incorporating plasma equilibrium, transport, and heating and current drive. The current ramp-up phase is simulated and impact of early divertor formation, current-overshoot, and early L–H transition on the target q-profile and s/q profile is addressed. The s/q profile is found to be not improved in these discharges compared with hybrid scenarios reported in other tokamaks. Based on these results, future experimental directions are addressed to access the hybrid regimes in KSTAR.     

On nonquasineutrality and turbulent heat transfer in a tokamak

A new approach is proposed for describing a steady turbulent state formed far from thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma column of a tokamak as a result of the development of microinstabilities. A fundamental feature of such a highly nonequilibrium plasma is its nonquasineutrality, i.e., the plasma properties are largely determined by electric fields localized on a scale of the order of the Debye radius. It is established that the transverse thermal diffusivity is determined by the expression

Target detection and localization in shallow water: an experimental demonstration of the acoustic barrier problem at the laboratory scale

This study demonstrates experimentally at the laboratory scale the detection and localization of a wavelength-sized target in a shallow ultrasonic waveguide between two source-receiver arrays at 3 MHz. In the framework of the acoustic barrier problem, at the 1/1000 scale, the waveguide represents a 1.1-km-long, 52-m-deep ocean acoustic channel in the kilohertz frequency range. The two coplanar arrays record in the time-domain the transfer matrix of the waveguide between each pair of source-receiver transducers. Invoking the reciprocity principle, a time-domain double-beamforming algorithm is simultaneously performed on the source and receiver arrays. This array processing projects the multireverberated acoustic echoes into an equivalent set of eigenrays, which are defined by their launch and arrival angles. Comparison is made between the intensity of each eigenray without and with a target for detection in the waveguide. Localization is performed through tomography inversion of the acoustic impedance of the target, using all of the eigenrays extracted from double beamforming. The use of the diffraction-based sensitivity kernel for each eigenray provides both the localization and the signature of the target. Experimental results are shown in the presence of surface waves, and methodological issues are discussed for detection and localization.     

On the tail problem in cosmology

The tail problem for the propagation of a scalar field is considered in a cosmological background, taking a Robertson-Walker spacetime as a specific example. The explicit radial dependence of the general solution of the Klein-Gordon equation with non-minimal coupling is derived, and the inapplicability of the standard calculation of the reflection and transmission coefficients to the study of scattering of waves by the cosmological curvature is discussed.     

On the hadronic problem in QCD

In this talk we try to give a brief review of the current ideas about confinement and the hadron problem in quantum chromodynamics.Invited talk presented at the International Symposium Selected Topics in Quantum Field Theory and Mathematical Physics, Bechyn, Czechoslovakia, June 14–19, 1981.I would like to thank Rod Crewther, Peter Minkowski, William Mecklenburg, Werner Nahm, Jan Stern and John Strathdee for discussions which helped clarify many points in preparing this paper.     

EAST偏滤器热沉冷却水新过渡接头设计

对EAST偏滤器热沉冷却水过渡接头在等离子体破裂时受到的主要电磁载荷进行了分析计算,提出了新的过渡接头结构。通过新结构在极端载荷下的有限元分析以及开展的焊接预研和测试,对接头结构及制作方案进行了优化,最终完成了偏滤器热沉冷却水过渡接头的设计,并成功运用于EAST偏滤器热沉的改造中。     

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对EAST偏滤器热沉冷却水过渡接头在等离子体破裂时受到的主要电磁载荷进行了分析计算,提出了新的过渡接头结构.通过新结构在极端载荷下的有限元分析以及开展的焊接预研和测试,对接头结构及制作方案进行了优化,最终完成了偏滤器热沉冷却水过渡接头的设计,并成功运用于EAST偏滤器热沉的改造中.     

Runaway electrons in the SINP tokamak

The experimental determination of the dependance of confinement time of runaways on various discharge parameters has been presented along with the angular distribution of hard X-rays (HXrays) emitted from the torus in presence and absence of Langmuir probes.     

On the lyman problem

This paper attempts to answer Lyman's question (1990) on the non-uniqueness in defining the 3D measure of the boundary vorticity-creation rate. Firstly, a straightforward analysis of the vorticity equation introduces a definition of a general vorticity flux-density tensor and its ‘effective’ part. The approach is strictly based on classical field theory and is independent of the constitutive structure of continuous medium. Secondly, the fundamental question posed by Lyman dealing with the ambiguity of the 3D measure of the boundary vorticity-creation rate for incompressible flow is discussed. It is shown that the original 3D measure (for an incompressible Newtonian fluid defined by Panton 1984), which is reminiscent of an analogy to Fourier's law, is in its character ‘effective’ and plays a crucial role in the prognostic vorticity transport equation. The alternative 3D measure proposed by Lyman includes, on the other hand, a ‘non-effective’ part, which plays a role in the local determination of the ‘effective’ measure as well as in a certain diagnostic integral boundary condition.     

On the problem of divergences in Quantumelectrodynamics

In a first step we have tried to show that very probably in Quantumelectrodynamics (QED) due to vacuum polarization effects the original bare charges of electrons and positrons are smeared out so much that their original divergent energy distances from the vacuum energy become finite. Furthermore, we have sketched how one has to generalize the calculations to refine the considerations presented in this paper.     

On the problem of superdiamagnetism

The possibility of the existence of superdiamagnetism in non-superconducting substances is discussed. Such superdiamagnetic substances may have susceptibility χ ～? (10^?3-10^?2) comparable with the ideal one $\text{χ}{}_{\mathrm{id}}\text{= ?}\text{1}\text{4}\text{π}$, whereas in ordinary diamagnetic materials |χ| ? 10^?4 ?|χ_idz.sfnc;. It is poined out that under equilibrium superdiamagnetism may occur in toroidal type substances, for which the order parameter T is a toroidal moment density. Toroidal moment is a polar vector which changes sign under time inversion. On a microscopic level toroidal current states arise in the model of excitonic insulator with an imaginary singlet order parameter. Conditions have been found under which superdiamagnetism can be expected in such systems. Anomalous susceptibility, which is probably observed in CuCl and CdS, is possibly of superdiamagnetic nature.     

On the consistency problem in simple fluids

Exact conditions are given for the sum of elementary graphs in order to obtain a fully consistent approximation in the theory of simple fluids. An approximation has been suggested which has the property of Ornstein-Zernike behaviour along the spinodal curve.     

Observation of photonuclear processes in the TFR tokamak

The existence of photonuclear processes in T.F.R. is established by two experiments. Firstly a gamma spectrometry of the activated molybdenum limiter is made. Secondly the neutron flux measurements are compared with the theoretical $\text{NZ}\text{A}$ dependence of the photonuclear processes.     

On the inverse problem in statistical mechanics

For quantum spin systems it is known that for a suitable space of potentials the equilibrium states areW*-dense in the set of all translation invariant states. The problem discussed in this paper is how to recognize such equilibrium states and how to find the corresponding potential. A necessary and sufficient condition for a state to be an equilibrium state for some potential is given in Sect. 3.