Al-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的影响

Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注。本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2.5%和5%的两种铝合金-国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验。通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明,由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加,进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增,这些对应关系表明Al-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素。实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应,但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微。     

Al-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin-LeChatelier效应的影响

Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注.本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2.5%和5%的两种铝合金-国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验.通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明,由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加,进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增,这些对应关系表明Al-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素.实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应,但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微.     

Al-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin-LeChatelier效应的影响

Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注.本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2.5%和5%的两种铝合金-国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验.通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明,由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加,进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增,这些对应关系表明Al-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素.实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应,但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微.     

利用动态DSPI及其时域位相分析研究Portevin—Le Chatelier滑移带

Portevin—Le Chatelier(PIC)效应是一种典型的塑性失稳现象，我们提出了一种新方法对合金材料中的PIC效应进行直接的观察和定量化的研究，这种方法的原理基于干涉散斑图样的位相差是一个与时间相关的单调函数，当PIC效应发生的时候，干涉散斑图序列被高速采集记录下来进行时域位相分析，同时通过动态散斑干涉法补偿位移，利用这种方法可以得到PIC滑移带及周围区域沿拉伸方向的位移分布并估算由滑移引起的试件的伸长。     

沉淀对A1-Cu—Mg合金中锯齿形屈服现象影响及其微观实验研究

经固溶处理的A1-Cu—Mg合金在常应变率拉伸实验中具有显著的锯齿形屈服现象，且屈服行为随固溶处理温度的改变而呈现不同的特征。塑性变形特性与合金材料的微细观结构，尤其是位错运动的演化密切相关。本文运用透射电子显微镜，研究在不同温度下固溶处理的Al—Cu—Mg合金的微观结构，尤其是析出颗粒的大小和含量。并结合宏观的拉伸实验结果，分析Al—Cu—Mg合金动态应变时效的机制。     

复合型断裂中K1和K3的耦合效应对材料断裂韧性的影响

大量的实验结果表明,在Ⅰ、Ⅲ型同时存在的复合型断裂情况下,复合型临界应力强度因子K1f的数值往往比材料的断裂韧性K_(1c)大,最大可达K_1f=1.85K_(1c)。本文通过宏观和微观分析,讨论了在复合型断裂中,K_1和K_3的耦合效应对断裂机理和材料断裂韧性的影响。     

铝合金中PLC变形带的轨迹观察和研究

本文采用了动态数字散斑干涉法 (DSPI) ,对恒定加载应变率下铝合金试件的拉伸实验作了直接地观察和研究。实验记录了三种类型的PLC(Portevin LeChatelier)变形带 (类型A、B、C)在试件表面的产生过程 ;追踪了它们产生和传播的空间轨迹 ;探讨了在室温下出现不同类型PLC带所必需的加载应变率范围 (当 ε≥ 5× 1 0 - 4 s- 1 时 ,变形过程中以A类型的PLC带为主 ;当 ε <3× 1 0 - 5s- 1 时 ,则大量出现C类型的PLC变形带 ;而B类型的带将出现于这两者之间 ) ;并对”锯齿形”应力曲线中应力下掉的幅值进行了统计研究。同时 ,针对连续传播的A类型带和跳动传播的B类型带 ,得到了变形带的传播速度在变形过程中的递减演化趋势。实验还观察到随着塑性变形量的增加 ,变形带的倾斜方向会发生对称迁移现象。A、B带在拉伸试验过半时迁移现象发生 ,而C带在拉伸试验的初期即频繁出现     

Influence of precipitation on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in Al-Mg alloys

In the alloy with solute content higher than the limiting solubility, the solute atoms that have failed to dissolve will precipitate from the solid solution and form precipitations. In this study, the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effects in annealed 5456 and 5052 aluminum alloys with different precipitation contents have been investigated under different applied strain rates. The results suggest that precipitations have significant effect on the PLC effect and the more the precipitations are, the greater the influence is. Furthermore, the solute diffusion is pipe diffusion in 5052 alloy with lower precipitation content. However, for 5456 alloy with higher precipitation content, the diffusion is no longer the case but more complex.     

Al-Cu合金Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的多重分形分析

区别于传统的非线性动力学的吸引子结构分析,本文采用多重分形分析的研究方法讨论不同加载应变率条件下Al-Cu合金Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的多重分形特征,以揭示控制不同带型的内在动力机制。结果表明不管是哪种带型,都在一定尺度上存在着多重分形结构;同时发现B带的应力信号的均匀性高于A、C带,这反映了随着加载应变率的降低,动力系统由自组织临界性经拟周期状态过渡到混沌状态。     

Acoustic emission and the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect

Many metals and alloys which exhibit repeated discontinuous yielding (Portevin-Le Chatelier effect) also emit rather interesting acoustic energy during work hardening. Both phenomena are dramatic in dead-weight extensions of annealed specimens of brass or aluminum. The acoustic emission from such specimens was monitored and correlated with the features of the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect. It is shown that, when the discontinuous yielding subsides in aluminum, so does the acoustic emission; in fact, smooth continuous flow can occur in these materials with no detectable acoustic emission. Data are presented which are consistent with the hypothesis that, at room temperature, elastic energy released during a yield increment is proportional to the elastic energy stored since the last yield increment. This is not observed at elevated temperatures. It is concluded that additional studies of the acoustic-emission phenomena associated with plastic deformation can aid in achieving a better knowledge of the strain-hardening process for crystalline solids.     

Influence of Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect on Shear Strain Path Reversal in an Al-Mg Alloy at Room and High Temperatures

The main objective of this study is to characterize the mechanical behaviour of an Al-Mg alloy in conditions close to those encountered during sheet forming processes, i.e. with strain path changes and at strain rates and temperatures in the range 1.2×10^?3–1.2×10^?1 s^?1 and 25–200°C, respectively. The onset of jerky flow and the interaction of dynamic strain ageing with the work-hardening are investigated during reversed-loading in specific simple shear tests, which consist of loading up to various shear strain values followed by reloading in the opposite direction, combined with direct observations of the sample surface using a digital image correlation technique. Both strain path changes and temperature are clearly shown to influence the occurrence and onset of the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect. Moreover, the Bauschinger effect observed in the material response shows that the PLC effect has a major influence on the kinematic contribution to work-hardening as well as its stagnation during the reloading stage, which could open up interesting lines of research to improve theoretical plasticity models for this family of aluminium alloys.     

数字散斑相关法研究镍钴基高温合金中的PLC效应

作为航空发动机涡轮盘用新型材料,镍钴基变形高温合金在300～600℃温度区间内拉伸时会产生Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC)效应.本文采用数字散斑相关方法,研究了镍钴基变形高温合金在400℃下拉伸变形过程中伴随PLC效应出现的应变局域化现象,即PLC带.实验结果表明,PLC带内的应变比试件平均应变大一个数量级,而带外部分应变接近于零.同时还观察到了带外部分的弹性收缩现象,即出现应变为负的区域.在拉伸全程中,PLC带与拉伸轴方向成约60°的夹角.PLC带的宽度均为4～4.5 mm,远大于试件最小尺寸(厚度),这一点与铝合金中的带宽与试件最小尺寸相近这一现象截然不同.     

Complexity analysis of the Portevin-Le Chatelier in an Al alloy at different tem peratures

The complexity of the Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC) effect in an Al alloy at different temperatures was analyzed by modified multiscale entropy. The results show that three evolutions of entropy with scale factor,i.e., near zero, monotonically increasing and peak-shape, were observed corresponding to the smooth curves, type-A serrations and type-B/-C serrations, respectively. The scale factor at the peak was onethird of the average serration period. The sample entropy increased initially and then decreased with temperature, which was opposite to the critical strain. It is also suggested that the type-A serrations corresponded to self-organized criticality and the type-B/-C serrations corresponded to chaos through the evolutions of entropy with scale factor.     

白光散斑相关法多尺度分析Portevin-Le Chatelier剪切带变形

在适当的温度、应变率或预变形下,合金材料的拉伸试验中,将会出现伴随雪崩式剪切变形带的锯齿形塑性失稳、即PLC(Portevin-Le Chatelier)效应。本文利用图像相关求位移场的方法,对恒定加载应变率下(10-4/s),拉伸铝合金(A2017)试件时出现的PLC效应从宏观剪切带变形到微观晶粒变形等多尺度进行了观察和定量化的分析。通过对PLC效应发生时采集的试件表面的白光散斑图进行相关运算,得到试件表面剪切变形区域各点的精细位移,并在此基础上计算出剪切带区域的应变分布及剪切带的宽度。实验结果显示,当PLC效应发生时,剪切带区域的应变曲线呈台阶型,带的前后边缘应变梯度较大,中间近似呈平台状,带外区域应变值接近零,塑性拉伸变形主要集中在带内。