2,6-二氨基吡啶衍生物作为过渡金属离子荧光探针的研究

2,6-二氨基吡啶(DAPD)衍生物都有较强的荧光。除DMHND(2,4-二甲基-7-羟基-1,8-萘啶)外,2,4-二甲基-7-胺基-1,8-萘啶(DMAND)和2,4-二甲基-7-丙烯酰胺基-1,8-萘啶(DMAAN)在加入过渡金属离子后,荧光强度增强,发射光谱红移,可以作为过渡金属离子的荧光探针。根据Irving-Williams顺序,以过渡金属中络合能力较强的Cu2+为代表,求算了DMAND和DMAAN与Cu2+的结合比,通过非线性拟合计算了结合常数,比较了它们与金属离子结合的强弱,DMAND较DMAAN为更灵敏的过渡金属离子荧光探针。     

卷积差方法在过渡金属离子EPR谱中的应用

用卷积差方法提高EPR谱的分辨率,可以从多种过渡金属离子的迭加谱中直接测量出不同离子的波谱参数a_R、a_⊥、g_R和g_⊥,该方法还可提高各向异性g因子的测量精度.     

基于罗丹明类衍生物荧光增强的食品中汞检测

食品安全问题越来越严重,汞作为有害离子之一受到人们的广泛关注,为了寻求茶叶和火腿肠中汞含量测定的新方法。首先以罗丹明B, 肼水化合物, 邻羧基苯甲醛为原料反应生成一种新型的Hg2+荧光增强型探针;接着,通过荧光光谱仪测量探针与不同浓度汞离子络合后的荧光强度,研究汞离子浓度与荧光强度的关系, 绘制出标准工作曲线;然后,对茶叶进行微波消解,消解后用合成的探针测定茶叶中汞的含量。结果表明：探针和络合物的最大激发波长为568.05和560.00 nm, 最大发射波长为587.94和580.00 nm;检测的适宜条件为：溶剂为50%甲醇水溶液,3.0 mL pH 4.0的缓冲溶液,反应时间30 min内。该探针对Hg2+有很好的选择性,Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+对此探针的荧光强度几乎没有影响,Fe3+, Mg2+, Ba2+对此探针的荧光强度仅有微弱的增强,而很低浓度的Hg2+对此探针的荧光强度有显著的增强作用。Hg2+浓度在5～20 ng·L-1范围内线性相关系数为0.951 2,检出限为1.9 ng·L-1;对茶叶和火腿肠样品进行Hg2+加标回收实验,标准回收率分别为101.1%,92.6%。该方法仪器结构简单,灵敏度, 准确度高,选择性好且用样量少,无需富集,有很强的实用性。     

一种新型罗丹明类荧光分子探针及其对Fe(Ⅲ)的选择性识别

以罗丹明B、乙二胺和乙二醛为反应原料,合成了一种新型的荧光增强型识别Fe3+的分子探针(fluorescent probe,FP)。用核磁和质谱对其分子结构进行了表征,并通过荧光光谱研究了FP对Al3+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+、Mn2+、Hg2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Na+等不同金属离子的识别性能。研究结果表明:在纯甲醇溶剂中,探针FP对Fe3+的识别具有较好的选择性,且基本不受其他金属离子的干扰;通过Job's曲线可知,探针FP与Fe3+的络合比为1∶3;Fe3+浓度在4×10-4~5×10-3mol/L范围内时,探针FP的荧光强度与Fe3+浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.995 3。     

一种新型罗丹明类荧光分子探针及其对Fe(Ⅲ)的选择性识别

以罗丹明B、乙二胺和乙二醛为反应原料,合成了一种新型的荧光增强型识别Fe³⁺的分子探针（fluorescent probe,FP）。用核磁和质谱对其分子结构进行了表征,并通过荧光光谱研究了FP对Al³⁺、Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Mn²⁺、Hg²⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺、K⁺、Na⁺等不同金属离子的识别性能。研究结果表明：在纯甲醇溶剂中,探针FP对Fe³⁺的识别具有较好的选择性,且基本不受其他金属离子的干扰;通过Jobs曲线可知,探针FP与Fe³⁺的络合比为1：3;Fe³⁺浓度在4×10^-4~5×10^-3 mol/L范围内时,探针FP的荧光强度与Fe³⁺浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.995 3。     

罗丹明6G在醇溶液中的荧光频移特性分析

罗丹明6G在甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇溶液中均发出较强的荧光。当醇溶液浓度为33.3%时,基本不存在频移现象。当醇溶液浓度为99.7%时,荧光峰发生蓝移或红移,分析认为该频移是由罗丹明6G和醇类物质分子相互作用(如氢键、静电吸引)导致激发态能量升高、荧光峰蓝移,与醇类物质分子中羟基OH的孤对电子跃迁导致荧光能量降低、荧光峰红移,这两种因素相互竞争的结果,且在高浓度醇溶液中,羟基OH数量越多,红移越明显。     

金属离子及其配合物荧光探针在核酸分析中的应用

核酸是生命现象的物质基础,对于核酸的研究已经成为生命科学的重要内容。荧光法是研究核酸结构、功能和定性、定量的一种重要方法,而稀土离子及其配合物是荧光分析中最常用的探针技术。本文介绍了近十几年来稀土离子及其配合物荧光探针在核酸分析中的应用。     

氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物与过渡金属离子Cr3+, Mn2+和Fe3+形成配合物配位位置的研究

通过1D ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和1H自旋-晶格弛豫时间T₁对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物与过渡金属离子Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺和Fe³⁺形成配合物的位置进行了研究, 合成了固体配合物对其进行了元素分析. 实验结果表明过渡金属离子Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺和Fe³⁺与氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物形成1∶2的配合物, 并确定了配位位置.     

高效荧光碳点的制备及其对金属离子的检测研究

采用氮和硫元素共掺杂的水热法合成了一种发蓝光的碳点.经过一系列的光学和微观结构表征分析,发现氮和硫元素可以通过杂原子掺杂和表面官能团的形式充分参与到碳点中,这决定了所制备的蓝光碳点拥有最高54.27%的量子产率.由于其高效荧光,该碳点可以用作传感探头检测金属离子,且对Ag+和Fe3+具有高灵敏度和选择性,通过Stern-Volmer方程拟合发现,随着离子浓度的变化,两种金属离子不同的淬灭机制和检测极限为在实践中有效检测和区分Ag+和Fe3+提供了一种可行的新方法.     

Coumarinic fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of transition metal ions

Fluoroionophores consisting of coumarin-153 linked to mono- and diaza-crown ethers are able to complex transition metal cations (Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺) and Pb²⁺, with concomitant large changes in photophysical properties. The stability constants in acetonitrile are higher than 3×10⁶ M ^–1 except for Ni²⁺.     

Electronic polarizabilities of ions in transition metal oxides

A method for evaluating the electronic polarizabilities from ionic radii in transition metal oxides has been suggested. The ionic radii used in the present calculations are those deduced from the electron density measurements. The calculated polarizabilities agree closely with the experimental values obtained from the electronic dielectric constant.     

Electronic polarizabilities of ions in transition metal oxides

A method for evaluating the electronic polarizabilities from ionic radii in transition metal oxides has been suggested. The ionic radii used in the present calculations are those deduced from the electron density measurements. The calculated polarizabilities agree closely with the experimental values obtained from the electronic dielectric constant.     

Radiative properties of lanthanide and transition metal ions in nanocrystals

We examine the physical factors that influence the radiative transitions of small-radius optical centers in ellipsoidal nanoparticles. The main objective of this work is to reveal to the extent to which changes in the phonon subsystem and electron-phonon interaction caused by spatial confinement effects affect the radiative characteristics of optical centers in nanocrystals.     

Spectroscopic studies of transition metal ions in spessartine garnet

From optical absorption studies at room and liquid air temperatures and from Mössbauer spectrum, the absorption bands of spessartine garnet are attributed to Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions. The energy matrices ofd ⁵ andd ⁶ configurations are solved and the experimental data of Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ bands are fitted with the calculated values to solve for the Racah and crystal field parameters.     

MCD spectroscopy of transition metal ions in fluoride crystals

Absorption spectra of crystals of KZn _x Fe_1-x F₃ (0·006 < 1 - x < 0·07) have been measured in order to obtain information about Fe²⁺-F^--Fe²⁺ pairs. However, by means of high resolution MCD spectroscopy, it has been established that very small amounts of Fe³⁺ are present in the crystals. The absorption spectra then show features which are due to (a) Fe²⁺, (b) Fe³⁺ and (c) Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ pairs. In addition to the characteristic Jahn-Teller split ⁵ T _2g → ⁵ E_g band of Fe²⁺, there is a weak, spin-allowed, vibronically assisted transition near 40 000 cm^-1, which is assigned to ⁵ T _2g (d⁶) → ⁵ A _1g (d⁵s). The MCD of this band is consistent with this assignment. The remainder of the visible and near ultra-violet absorption intensity is associated with Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ pairs. Most of the bands are due to excitations localized on the Fe²⁺ though some weaker ones are assigned as excitations to ⁴ A _1g on the Fe³⁺ of the pair. There is also a strong, broad underlying absorption probably due to t _2g → t _2g charge transfer in the pair.     

便携式X射线荧光光谱分析仪测定土壤中重金属

应用NITON XL3t600型便携式X射线荧光谱分析仪对土壤中主要重金属污染物Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr和As进行了测试。结果表明,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr和As元素的最低检出限分别为:23.96,11.69,8.58,19.23,6.24mg.kg-1;对土壤成分分析标准物质GSS-5进行5次重复测定,准确度在96%～102%之间,RSD在1.0%～7.6%范围内,表明仪器对于土壤中较高浓度重金属检测准确度和精密度良好;田间进行原位检测,相对标准偏差均小于20%,与国标方法检测结果相比,准确度在55%～119%之间。通过实验室测试和田间原位检测,验证了便携式X射线荧光谱分析仪检测土壤中重金属元素有较好的准确度和精密度,适用于土壤中重金属的快速检测。     

Oxygen - 17 superhyperfine structure of transition metal ions in MgO

EPR measurements of the oxygen-17 superhyperfine structure of Fe³⁺ Cr³⁺, Ni³⁺ and Rh²⁺ impurities in isotopically labeled single crystals of MgO have been made. In connection with the interpretation of the spectra of the Jahn-Teller ions Ni³⁺ and Rh²⁺, expressions are derived for the superhyperfine Hamiltonian for the ²E state in octahedral symmetry.     

High resolution MCD spectroscopy of transition metal ions in fluoride crystals

Measurements of the MCD spectra of Ni²⁺ in KMgF₃ and KZnF₃ have confirmed and extended previous assignments of spin-orbit structure based on similarities of vibrational patterns. The measurements also reveal the presence of a ¹ A _1g (¹ G) state which interacts strongly with the ³ T _1g ^b (³ P) state. The MCD spectra of the tetragonal crystals K₃Ni₂F₇ and K₂NiF₄ have been measured for the transitions ³ A _2g →³ T _1g ^a , ¹ E_g . The spectrum of K₃Ni₂F₇ is characterized by the appearance of electric dipole zero phonon lines, consistent with the C _4v site symmetry of the Ni²⁺ in the paramagnetic phase. An analysis of the MCD spectrum allows a positive assignment of six of the seven states (from ³ T _1g ^a and ¹ E_g ) to which transitions are allowed by symmetry in the axial spectrum. A complete tetragonal crystal-field analysis has been made which shows that the distortion is an axial compression of the fluoride octahedron. The absorption spectrum of K₂NiF₄ shows much less vibrational structure, but the MCD spectrum allows a definitive assignment of six states (from ³ T _1g ^a and ¹ E_g ) through a _2u vibrations in the usual vibronic mechanism. False origins based on e_u phonons have not been identified. The tetragonal field is larger than for K₃Ni₂F₇ and corresponds to an axial compression, in agreement with the known crystal structure.