赤藓红荧光激发光谱突变的研究

实验测量了10,20,30,40,50和60μg·mL-1六种浓度赤藓红溶液的荧光激发光谱和吸收光谱.发现在浓度为10和20μg·mL-1时,其荧光激发光谱在530 nm处会出现一个明显的激发峰,而当溶液浓度超过30μg·mL-1后,荧光激发光谱线型会发生突变,530 nm处成为谷值位置,并在530 nm两侧出现两个新...     

三角形钠原子团簇中的表面等离激元

运用含时密度泛函理论研究等边三角形钠原子团簇中的表面等离激元激发.发现:在团簇尺寸较大时,沿三角形底边和底边中垂线方向激发的共振模式不同,然而沿两方向的吸收光谱线形一样,主要吸收峰的共振能量也相同.低能聚集共振在空间引起电场增强的极大值主要分布在三角形的端点附近.     

Eu3+或Tb3+掺杂Y2O3纳米材料紫外激发光谱

采用燃烧法制备了不同Ln³⁺(Ln=Eu或Tb)掺杂浓度和不同平均粒径的Y₂O₃:Ln纳米晶体粉末和体材料样品。研究发现随着粒径的减小,Y₂O₃:Eu电荷迁移带的位置发生红移;并且,由于存在于近表面低结晶度环境中的Eu³⁺数量的增加,小粒径样品(5nm)的电荷迁移带还向长波方向发生了明显的展宽。实验中还观察到Y₂O₃:Tb纳米晶激发谱中4f5d(4f⁸→4f⁷5d¹)跃迁吸收对应激发峰(带)的谱线形状随样品粒径变化存在较大的差异,这是由于Tb³⁺存在于近表面的低结晶度和颗粒内部的高结晶度两种不同环境中,Tb³⁺的4f5d跃迁在两种环境中对应的吸收峰位置不同,当样品粒径发生变化时Tb³⁺处于两种环境中的比例随之变化,造成相应吸收跃迁对应的激发峰(带)强度发生变化,并改变了激发谱的谱线形状。实验中还发现,随着Tb³⁺(或Eu³⁺)浓度的减小,Y₂O₃基质激子跃迁吸收的激发峰对比4f5d跃迁(或电荷迁移带)激发峰的相对强度随之增强。     

Eu3+摩尔浓度对Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+红色长余辉材料光谱的影响

用高温固相法制备了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 红色长余辉材料。测量了该材料的余辉曲线,余辉时间为1h以上;由X射线衍射得到晶体结构为Y2O2S.测量了不同Eu^3 摩尔浓度下的激发光谱和发射光谱,得到从^5DJ(J=0,1,2,3)^-7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4,5)的发射谱线,并得到位于260,345,468和540nm激发峰。由于激活剂饱和效应,Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 发射光谱中513．6,540．1,556．4,587．3和589．3nm属于从^5D2,^5D1到^7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4)跃迁的发射峰随Eu^3 摩尔浓度的增加相对削弱;激发谱包括位于350nm左右属于电荷转移态吸收(Eu^3 -O^2-,Eu^3 -S^2 )的激发主峰和在可见光区位于468,520和540nm属于Eu^3 离子4f-4厂吸收的激发峰。随着Eu^3 摩尔浓度的增加,位于468,520和540nm的激发峰相对增强。     

Exact statements about many-particle systems with higher symmetries

A new method of calculating the energy spectrum of a system of A identical Fermi particles with translationally invariant interaction is developed under the assumption that there exists a high symmetry in the 3A-dimensional space of particle coordinates. For a special class of symmetries the many-body problem is split exactly into two sets of equations: one containing only totally symmetric combinations of the particle coordinates which are called “collective variables” and the other equation taking essentially into account the requirements of the Pauli principle and connected symmetry properties. In several cases it is possible to obtain the excitation spectra exactly showing qualitatively new features. They depend on “many-particle quantum numbers” varying independently of each other in an interval which sometimes depends on A. For special high symmetries the collective variables obey equations which are very similar to one-particle equations providing a new explanation of the “Independent-Particle Model” for arbitrary strength and form of the interaction potential. A manifold of unknown up to now excitation spectra of many-particle systems is obtained and discussed.     

马来酰肼多形态的太赫兹光谱研究

分子的多形态(多晶型)是指化学组成相同但存在不止一种晶体形式的物质.这些多形态广泛存在于自然界中,其中药物的多形态尤其普遍.这些药物多形态虽然具有相同的化学分子组成,但其理化性质却存在差异,最终会导致药物作用功能的不同.近年来,随着太赫兹(THz)辐射源的产生方式成为一种常规技术后,太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)...     

Optical and scintillating properties of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F4 single crystals

We have investigated the optical and scintillating properties of Lu co-doped Ce:LiYF₄ single crystals with various Lu content. In the transmittance and absorption spectra, the absorption peaks at 243 nm get systematically red shifted in contrast to the peaks at 197 and 200 nm which get blue shifted with the increase in Lu content. At the same time, emission peaks at 306 nm and 200 nm under 295 nm excitation also get red shifted. The decay time of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F₄ crystals under 295 nm excitation is found to be faster than that of Ce:LiYF₄ and Ce:LiLuF₄ crystals. The alpha-peak positions in the pulse-height spectra and decay times of crystals under alpha-ray irradiation are found to vary with the Lu content.     

激发态质子转移分子2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并噻唑在不同溶剂中的光谱特性

观测了2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并噻唑(HBT)在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,详细研究了溶剂极性对HBT发生激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)影响的机制。吸收光谱表明在常态条件下,HBT在各种溶剂中都以烯醇式构型和酮式构型共同存在,但以烯醇式构型占绝大多数。荧光光谱表明在纯环己烷溶剂中,HBT被紫外光激发时,绝大多数烯醇式构型发生ESIPT转变为酮式构型,分子的ESIPT效率最大。在含有乙醇的极性溶剂中,HBT烯醇式会形成溶剂化的烯醇式构型,阻碍分子发生ESIPT反应。溶剂中乙醇含量愈多极性愈强,溶剂化烯醇式的成份就愈多,HBT的ESIPT效率就愈低。以400 nm光激发HBT溶液时,在510 nm处发现酮式构型荧光,从而确认了400 nm处的弱吸收是酮式构型的吸收;且在436和456nm处还有新的荧光峰,分析其可能来源于酮式构型去质子化阴离子的发射。     

具有不同共轭长度的D-π-A-π-D型低聚物的非线性光学性质

通过实验和理论方法研究了共轭长度依赖的芴酮基线型共轭低聚物的非线性光学性质. 首先,红外光谱和稳态吸收光谱测量表明：共轭单元的增加会增强碳-碳双键伸缩振动峰,并导致稳态吸收峰的红移. 同时,双光子荧光强度会随着激发光能量的增长而逐渐增强,在引入芴-亚乙烯基单元后,双光子荧光效率有了明显的升高. 进而利用完全态求和方法模拟低聚物的双光子吸收截面,得到的理论值与通过飞秒开孔Z-扫描技术获得的实验结果吻合得较好. 研究结果表明共轭体系的延展确实会对低聚物双光子吸收特性的提高起到重要的作用.     

激发态质子转移分子2-（2′-羟基苯基）苯并噻唑在不同溶剂中的光谱特性

观测了2-（2′-羟基苯基）苯并噻唑（HBT）在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,详细研究了溶剂极性对HBT发生激发态分子内质子转移（ESWT）影响的机制。吸收光谱表明在常态条件下,HBT在各种溶剂中都以烯醇式构型和酮式构型共同存在,但以烯醇式构型占绝大多数。荧光光谱表明在纯环己烷溶剂中,HBT被紫外光激发时,绝大多数烯醇式构型发生ESIPPT转变为酮式构型,分子的ESIPT效率最大。在含有乙醇的极性溶剂中,HBT烯醇式会形成溶剂化的烯醇式构型,阻碍分子发生ESIPT反应。溶剂中乙醇含量愈多极性愈强,溶剂化烯醇式的成份就愈多,HBT的ESIPT效率就愈低。以400nm光激发HBT溶液时,在510nm处发现酮式构型荧光,从而确认了400nm处的弱吸收是酮式构型的吸收;且在436和456nm处还有新的荧光峰,分析其可能来源于酮式构型去质子化阴离子的发射。     

End and central plasmon resonances in linear atomic chains

The existence and nature of end and central plasmon resonances in a linear atomic chain, the 1D analog to surface and bulk plasmons in 2D metals, has been predicted by ab initio time-dependent density functional theory. Length dependence of the absorption spectra shows the emergence and development of collectivity of these resonances. It converges to a single resonance in the longitudinal mode, and two transverse resonances, which are localized at the ends and center of the atom chains. These collective modes bridge the gaps, in concept and scale, between the collective excitation of atomic physics and nanoplasmonics. It also outlines a route to atomic-scale engineering of collective excitations.     

PLE spectra analysis of the sub-structure in the absorption spectra of CdSeS quantum dots

The semiconductor CdSeS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in glass are analysed by means of absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra. The peaks of absorption spectra shift to lower energies with the size of QD increasing, which obviously shows a quantum-size effect. Using the PLE spectra, the physical origin of the lowest absorption peak is analysed. In PLE spectra, the lowest absorption peak can be deconvoluted into two peaks that stem from the transitions of 1S_3/2--1S_e and 2S_3/2--1S_e respectively. The measured energy difference between the two peaks is found to decrease with the size of QD increasing, which agrees well with the theoretical calculation for the two transitions. The luminescence peak of defect states is also analysed by PLE spectra. Two transitions are present in the PLE, which indicates that the transitions of 1S_3/2--1S_e and 2S_3/2--1S_e are responsible for the defect states luminescence.     

CdSeS量子点的光吸收谱亚结构和光致发光激发谱分析

用光致发光激发(PLE)谱分析吸收谱的亚结构。实验样品是共熔法制备的CdSeS量子点玻璃,量子点的生长时间分别为2h和4h,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)分析得到样品中量子点的平均直径分别为3．6nm和3．8nm。在室温下对样品进行了光吸收谱和光致发光激发谱研究。光吸收谱显示了量子尺寸效应,光致发光激发谱中低能端有两个明显的峰。考虑价带简并以及电子与空穴之间的相互作用,通过理论分析和数值计算,得到1S3/2-1Se和2S3/2-1Se的跃迁能量及其随量子点半径的变化,由此确认光致发光激发谱中的两个峰分别为1S3/2-1Se和2S3/2-1Se跃迁。     

Design and model of wideband absorber made of ultrathin metamaterial structures

A planar microwave ultrathin broadband absorber is proposed. It is composed of metallic patterns arranged on a dielectric material which is backed by a copper plate. The patterns of different dimensions allow to judiciously design absorption peaks at specific frequencies of interest. These peaks are due to the mode resonances of the cavities formed by the metallic patches, the dielectric substrate and the copper plate. In order to widen the absorption bandwidth, patterns of different dimensions are used, together with the different modes of these cavities. Numerical and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed method at microwave frequencies. It is also shown that the use of a composite air dielectric substrate supporting the metallic patterns helps to increase the absorption level.     

α-Al_2O_3透明陶瓷的发光及热释光特性

采用传统无压烧结工艺,以MgO为烧结助剂,制备出了透明性良好的α-Al2O3透明多晶陶瓷,测定了其吸收光谱、荧光光谱、激发光谱,并做了热释光测试.结果表明,吸收光谱存在192nm和225—250nm吸收峰,分别对应于F色心和F+色心.在荧光光谱的410nm处发现有明显的发射峰.结合对其激发光谱的研究,证明了对应于F和F+色心.热释光谱中存在368,456,614K三个热释光峰,其中456K的峰值是受热激发的电子与F+色心复合产生的.     

InN分凝的InGaN薄膜的光致发光与吸收谱

我们用低压MOCVD在蓝宝石衬底生长了InGaN/GaN外延层.用X射线衍射(XRD),光致发光谱(PL),光吸收谱等测量手段,研究了InGaN的辐射发光机制.In组分利用Vegard定理和XRD测量得到.我们发现随着In组分的增加,在光吸收谱上发现吸收边的红移和较宽的Urbach带尾;PL谱中低能端的发射渐渐成为主导,并且在PL激发谱中InGaN峰也变宽.我们认为压电效应改变了InGaN的能带结构,从而影响了光学吸收特性.而在InN量子点中的辐射复合则是InGaN层发光的起源.     

Comparisons of spectral properties of CsI:T1 crystals with various Tl(+)-doped concentrations

Absorption Spectra and Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of CsI: T1 crystals with various T1+-concentrations were measured for absorption and luminescent research in CsI: T1. Their UV absorption spectra contained three peaks at 297, 273 and 247 nm. The experiments were demonstrated that the peaks in the high T(1+)-concentration CsI: T1 crystals are broader than ones in the low T(1+)-concentration crystals and their absorption A-peak shift by 20 nm, but their PL with UV excitations are similar. It was suggested that lattice distortions in the high T1+-concentration CsI: T1 lead to the changes in absorption or fluorescence excitation peaks, but no changes in the fluorescence band widths and locations at room temperature.     

Ce3+,Mn2+激活氟磷酸钙的发光中心及其相互作用

研究了Ce3+,Mn2+激活的氟磷酸钙(FAP:Ce3+,Mn2+)的发光光谱、激发光谱、漫反射光谱、发光衰减以及顺磁共振谱,首次发现了FAP:Ce3+,Mn2+中Ce3+可以形成两种发光中心;同时也发现在该材料中Mn3+的发光中心与普通卤粉相似,即存在MnⅠ和MnⅡ两种中心;研究表明,由Ce3+中心向Mn2+中心的能量传递具有相当高的效率,传递机制属偶极子-偶极子相互作用;在Ce3+→Mn2+能量传递过程中,MnⅠ中心优先被Ce3+中心敏化。     

InxGa1-xN/InyGa1-yN多量子阱结构 发光特性的测量与分析

利用MOCVD方法在蓝宝石衬底上生长了In_xGa_1-xN/In_yGa_1-yN多量子阱结构外延层,并用变温光致发光(PL)光谱、选择激发光谱以及激发(PLE)光谱等手段研究了该结构的量子效率、多峰效应的起源以及峰位随温度变化等信息。变温PL光谱的结果表明:在温度从30 K变化到300 K时,其峰值强度只下降了1.36倍且发光波长发生了蓝移。通过选择激发光谱证明了其发光峰位的独立性。PLE结果表明了GaN和势垒层的Stokes位移很小,但是In_xGa_1-xN阱层的Stokes位移变化很大。同时,提出了一种可同时获得多个吸收边的数据处理方法。     

Plasmons in a planar graphene superlattice

Plasmon collective excitations are studied in a planar graphene superlattice formed by periodically alternating regions of gapless graphene and of its gapped modification. The plasmon dispersion law is determined both for the quasi-one-dimensional case (the Fermi level is located within the minigap) and for the quasi-two-dimensional case (the Fermi level is located within the miniband). The problem concerning the absorption of modulated electromagnetic radiation at the excitation of plasmons is also considered.