再论用逐差法处理实验数据

指出了现行教材引入逐差法存在的问题，再论用逐差法处理实验数据的必要性，并以“拉伸法测钢丝杨氏模量”实验为例。对逐差法的应用进行了分析。     

用逐差法处理数据不科学

逐差法与算术平均法相比较 ,逐差法的偶然误差明显高于算术平均法。     

逐差法处理打点纸带数据的研究

为了有效地利用打点纸带的时空信息,本文细致推证了处理打点纸带数据测定加速度、初速度的逐差法,结论表明：有5种具体方法;结合测量实例给出了运用逐差法的基本一致的结果;比较了各逐差法的特点、简捷程度,探讨了合理运用逐差法的现实问题。     

应用"逐差法"处理实验数据

本详尽地讨论了“逐差法”处理实验数据的理论方法并结合实例说明：如何记录数据,如何处理数据。     

分组逐差法的改进

分析了分组逐差法的不足 ,提出了改进方案———分组平均逐差法 ,并给出了提高分组平均逐差法精密度的两种方法     

逐差法处理测电源电动势和内阻数据的研究

细致推证了线性函数的逐差法, 并运用于测电源电动势和内阻的数据处理, 结合测量数据给出了合理 运用结果; 讨论了逐差法的特点, 提出了相应的教学建议; 拓展了现行教科书中的相关方法     

对应用逐差法处理纸带的探讨

用误差理论分析对比包括逐差法在内的几种常见的使用代数运算处理打点纸带的方法.在对打点纸带的测量方法和实验数据处理方法进行深入剖析的基础上,对高中阶段引入逐差法进行多角度的探讨.     

逐差间隔数对处理结果准确性影响实验研究

文章利用逐差法处理了声速测量和电阻测量及弹簧振子弹性系数实验数据,研究总结不同逐差间隔数对处理结果的影响,结果表明逐差间隔数与处理结果的准确性没有非常明确的关系,逐差间隔数接近数据总量一半时,结果接近线性回归结果的几率增大.     

175Hf核ε衰变的IXK/Iγ(343keV)比值计算和分析及其辐射数据计算

简要地介绍了¹⁷⁵Hf核ε衰变的I_XK/I_γ(343keV)比值的计算方法与实验测量的比较与分析,并在此基础上,计算得到了P_γ(343keV)=0.869±0.004,还给出了¹⁷⁵Hf核ε衰变的辐射数据的计算与推荐     

核衰变产生的X射线和俄歇电子数据计算

核衰变过程中,内转换电子发射和电子俘获能在原子电子壳层内留下空穴.其他原子电子壳层的电子将填补这些空穴,其原子电子位置将重排,并发射X射线和俄歇电子.X射线和俄歇电子的能量由原子电子结合能计算得到,X射线和俄歇电子的强度分别由内转换电子发射和电子俘获在原子电子壳层内留下的空穴数,X射线荧光产额,和空穴转移系数计算得到.本文简要介绍核衰变产生的X射线和俄歇电子数据的计算方法、计算程序与工作流程,并以核衰变为例说明其具体应用和简要讨论与总结.     

Introduction to Semi-Classical Analysis for Digital Errors of Qubit in Quantum Processor

In recent years, remarkable progress has been achieved in the development of quantum computers. For further development, it is important to clarify properties of errors by quantum noise and environment noise. However, when the system scale of quantum processors is expanded, it has been pointed out that a new type of quantum error, such as nonlinear error, appears. It is not clear how to handle such new effects in information theory. First of all, one should make the characteristics of the error probability of qubits clear as communication channel error models in information theory. The purpose of this paper is to survey the progress for modeling the quantum noise effects that information theorists are likely to face in the future, to cope with such nontrivial errors mentioned above. This paper explains a channel error model to represent strange properties of error probability due to new quantum noise. By this model, specific examples on the features of error probability caused by, for example, quantum recurrence effects, collective relaxation, and external force, are given. As a result, it is possible to understand the meaning of strange features of error probability that do not exist in classical information theory without going through complex physical phenomena.     

NIM锶原子钟用准直器的初步计算

在锶原子钟的研制过程中,为提高原子柬的准直效率,需要在准直器圆面上加工出最大数量的给定直径的小孔。用小圆紧密排列逐层求算的计算方法,在直径D=3080μm的圆面积上获得小圆孔（d=200μm）个数的最大值,提高了原子柬准直器的准直性。     

Unsupervised Hierarchical Classification Approach for Imprecise Data in the Breast Cancer Detection

(1) Background: in recent years, a lot of the research of statistical methods focused on the classification problem in presence of imprecise data. A particular case of imprecise data is the interval-valued data. Following this research line, in this work a new hierarchical classification technique for multivariate interval-valued data is suggested for diagnosis of the breast cancer; (2) Methods: an unsupervised hierarchical classification method for imprecise multivariate data (called HC-ID) is performed for diagnosis of breast cancer (i.e., to discriminate between benign or malignant masses) and the results have been compared with the conventional (unsupervised) hierarchical classification approach (HC); (3) Results: the application on real data shows that the HC-ID procedure performs better HC procedure in terms of accuracy (HC-ID = 0.80, HC = 0.66) and sensitivity (HC-ID = 0.61, HC = 0.08). In the results obtained by the usual procedure, there is a high degree of false-negative (i.e., benign cancer diagnosis in malignant status) affected by the high degree of variability (i.e., uncertainty) characterizing the worst data.     

激光非稳腔模式的快速计算方法

对Du Fort-Frankel差分格式用于谐振腔模式计算进行简要分析,以该差分格式为基础,提出基于移动矩阵法的非稳腔模式数值计算快速算法.对空腔共焦非稳腔模式进行数值模拟,将计算结果与参考文献进行对比,两者吻合较好.对有源共焦非稳谐振腔内增益区位置对谐振腔输出功率的影响进行数值计算,结果表明:对于采用共焦非稳腔的大功率激光器,当增益体积一定、小信号增益曲线相同时,随着谐振腔内增益区与凹面镜之间的距离的减小,激光器输出功率会有较为明显的提高.数值算例证明了本文方法的正确性和有效性.     

一种大气折射数据修正方法

讨论在靶场光学测量中,大气因素如何影响测量结果.通过建立大气折射率与测角误差之间的数学模型,用计算机软件对大气折射造成的测角误差进行修正.     

Analysis of Phase Measurement Errors in Electro-Optic Holography

This paper presents the results of an error analysis in electro-optics holography. These errors include phase measurement errors due to the linear phase shifter errors in static electro-optic holography, and phase measurement errors due to the errors in the vibrating bias amplitude and phase in dynamic electro-optic holography. Through the error analysis, we found that the phase shifting errors in static electro-optic holography are twice as large as those in the conventional 4-bucket phase shifting algorithm, and the phase shifting errors in dynamic electro-optic holography are similar to those in the 4-bucket phase shifting algorithm.     

An Approach for Security Enhancement of Certain Encryption Schemes Employing Error Correction Coding and Simulated Synchronization Errors

An approach for the cryptographic security enhancement of encryption is proposed and analyzed. The enhancement is based on the employment of a coding scheme and degradation of the ciphertext. From the perspective of the legitimate parties that share a secret key, the degradation appears as a transmission of the ciphertext through a binary erasure channel. On the other hand, from the perspective of an attacker the degradation appears as a transmission of the ciphertext over a binary deletion channel. Cryptographic security enhancement is analyzed based on the capacity of the related binary deletion channel. An illustrative implemementation framework is pointed out.     

两种自适应光学系统中哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准误差

利用直接波前斜率法和变形镜的电压一面形响应特性，研究了常规自适应光学系统和共光路／共模块(CP／CM)自适应光学系统中哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准误差。常规自适应光学系统中，可以用重新测量变形镜的影响函数以减小对准误差的影响，虽并不能消除其影响，但系统都会有很大的调整容差；共光路／共模块自适应光学系统中采用不同的双哈特曼数据处理方法，哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准精度对系统校正能力影响是不同的，采用加修正因子斜率融合法和电压融合法由于在数据融合时考虑了两台哈特曼传感器与变形镜对准的差异，所以对准误差的影响与在常规自适应光学中相同，系统都会有很大的调整容差，而采用直接斜率融合法的共光路／共模块系统由于是建立在两台哈特曼传感器完全一致的假设基础上，所以对对准精度的要求是很高的。分析过程中给出了相应的数值计算结果。