高效液相色谱法测定烟草中淀粉和果胶含量

烟草中的淀粉和果胶用盐酸水解,水解产生的葡萄糖和半乳糖醛酸以Waters Sugar Pak Ⅰ钙型阳离子交换柱为固定相,0．05 g·L-1 EDTA钙钠溶液为流动相进行分离,示差折光检测器检测葡萄糖和半乳糖醛酸的含量。由葡萄糖和半乳糖醛酸含量换算为淀粉和果胶含量。方法检出限为葡萄糖2．0 mg·L-1、半乳糖醛酸1．0 mg·L-1,方法用于几种烟草样品中淀粉和果胶含量的测定,结果的相对标准偏差为1．4％-1．8％,标准回收率在96％-105％之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定淀粉及淀粉制品中的顺丁烯二酸与顺丁烯二酸酐总含量

建立了基于高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定淀粉及其制品中顺丁烯二酸和顺丁烯二酸酐总含量的方法。通过优化得到最佳样品前处理条件为乙醇体积分数5%,超声时间10 min。色谱分离检测的最佳分析条件为:流动相:甲醇-1‰磷酸(2∶98),色谱柱:Plastisil ODS C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),检测波长214 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃。该方法对顺丁烯二酸的定量下限为5.0 mg/kg,线性范围为0.25～100 mg/L,相关系数为0.999 7,平均加标回收率为88%～89%,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于2%,能够满足实际检测需要。     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法测定油田采出液中的烷基胺碳酸盐型表面活性剂北大核心CSCD

以自制的3,6-二甲氧基-9-苯基咔唑-1-磺酰氯(DPCS-Cl)为柱前衍生剂,采用高效液相色谱法测定油田驱油采出液中烷基胺碳酸盐型非离子-阴离子表面活性剂(C_(18)A5C)。样品经过滤去除泥沙后,分取10L浓缩至5mL,用正丁醇萃取2次后,将萃取液浓缩定容至10.0mL,加入800mg·L^(-1) DPCS-Cl乙腈溶液0.2mL,在60℃衍生反应30min,衍生物在Shim-Pack VP-ODS反相色谱柱上分离,以水-乙腈为流动相,荧光检测器的激发波长为318nm,发射波长为440nm。C_(18)A5C的线性范围为1.0~80.0mg·L^(-1),检出限为0.05mg·L^(-1)。加标回收率为91.6%~96.3%,日内和日间测定值的相对标准偏差分别为3.0%~4.9%和4.3%~5.3%。     

液-液-液三相液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法检测尿样中的安非他明和氯胺酮

建立了液-液-液三相液相微萃取与高效液相色谱联用技术测定尿样中的安非他明和氯胺酮的方法。考察了萃取溶剂、料液相pH值、搅拌速度、萃取时间和接受相HCl浓度等因素对富集因子的影响,得到了萃取溶剂为300 μL甲苯,料液相pH值为11,接受相为1.0 μL 0.1 mol/L HCl,搅拌速度为600 r/min,萃取时间为50 min的最佳实验条件。在该条件下,获得了较高的富集因子;方法的线性范围为安非他明0.01～10 μg/mL,氯胺酮0.01～5 μg/mL,相对标准偏差均小于2%,检测限均为5 ng/mL (S/N=3)。建立的三相液相微萃取方法能有效地去除复杂基体的干扰,有机溶剂消耗少,萃取效率高,是一种有效、灵敏的样品前处理方法,适合于尿样中安非他明和氯胺酮的测定。     

高效液相色谱法分离检测8-羟基喹啉和8-羟基喹啉铜

1　引　　言8 羟基喹啉铜 [Cu(HQ) 2 ]是一种杀菌剂 ,用于防治作物的丝核菌及木材的防腐或用于棉布、皮革、油毛毡等的杀菌。它的纯度分析一直是该杀菌剂开发的重要工作之一。JosephA .Akkara等试图用高效液相色谱法和气相色谱法直接测定[Cu(HQ) 2 ]均未获成功。目前 [Cu(HQ) 2 ]的含量测定多采用化学法 ,该法实际得到的是总铜量 ,由此推算 [Cu(HQ) 2 ]含量有一定误差。本文采用高效液相色谱法同时分离、测定 [Cu(HQ) 2 ]及 8 羟基喹啉 (HQ)。有关这方面的研究 ,国内外尚未见报道。该方法简便、可行 ,结果令人满意。2　实验部分2 .1…     

分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水样中扑虱灵和哒螨灵

取水样置于离心管中,与含有三氯甲烷（萃取溶剂）的乙腈（分散剂）混合溶液充分混匀,静置5min,使水样中的扑虱灵和哒螨灵迅速富集于三氯甲烷液滴中,离心5min,下层三氯甲烷相经减压蒸干后,加入乙腈-水（75＋25）混合溶液50μL溶解残渣,分取20μL溶液供高效液相色谱法分析。用Symmetry C18色谱柱作固定相,流...     

高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中α-硫辛酸含量

提出了高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中α-硫辛酸含量的方法。样品用乙腈-水(4+6,预调至pH 3.5)混合液超声提取25min,以C18色谱柱为分离柱,以上述乙腈-水混合液为流动相,在波长210nm处进行测定。α-硫辛酸质量浓度在20.0~500mg·L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法检出限(3S/N)和测定下限(10S/N)分别为0.80mg·L-1和2.7mg·L-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在91.5%~98.7%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于5.0%。     

聚合物整体柱微萃取-高效液相色谱法检测鸡蛋中的磺胺嘧啶和磺胺二甲嘧啶残留

建立了鸡蛋中磺胺嘧啶和磺胺二甲嘧啶残留量的聚合物整体柱微萃取和高效液相色谱检测方法。以聚(甲基丙烯酸-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)毛细管整体柱作为萃取装置。为了得到较高的萃取效率,优化了影响萃取效率的参数(萃取流速、萃取体积、样品基质pH值)。样品经过匀浆、乙醇提取、磷酸盐缓冲溶液稀释、离心等步骤后直接进行萃取。鸡蛋中磺胺嘧啶和磺胺二甲嘧啶的检出限分别为11.2 ng/g和8.8 ng/g,在50～5000 ng/g的浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系。加标回收率大于65%,日内、日间测定的相对标准偏差不高于8.2%。结果表明,方法简单、快速、灵敏度高,适用于鸡蛋中磺胺嘧啶和磺胺二甲嘧啶的常规分析。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定镉、铅、铜和锌

 研究了meso-四（对羟基苯基）卟啉为柱前衍生化试剂与Cd2+,Pb2+,Cu2+和Zn2+离子的配合反应条件及配合物在C18色谱柱上的分离条件,建立了反相高效液相色谱快速分离光度检测Cd2+,Pb2+,Cu2+和Zn2+的新方法。配合物和试剂在15 min内出峰完毕。4种离子的检出限为: Cd2+0.02 ng,Pb2+0.02 ng, Cu2+0.02 ng,Zn2+0.12 ng;线性范围为:Cd2+0.8 μg/L～150 μg/L,Pb2+0.8 μg/L～300 μg/L,Cu2+0.8 μg/L～500 μg/L,Zn2+5.0 μg/L～1 000 μg/L;方法的日内相对标准偏差为:2.8%～4.8%,测定低、中、高3个浓度的日间相对标准偏差为3.7%～9.7%。     

反相液相色谱法测定α-甲氧基萘的含量

用反相液相色谱法分析了α-甲氧基萘的含量和其中的有害杂质。色谱条件：色谱柱Nucleosil－C18;流动相V（甲醇）：V（水）=90：10;紫外检测器,面积归一化法定量。方法的变异系数为0．29％。     

Interaction Between the Hydrophobically Modified Polyacrylamide and HPAM-Flooding Produced Liquid

In order to utilize the produced liquid of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) flooding to enhance oil recovery, the interaction between hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM) and the produced liquid of HPAM flooding was investigated. The viscous characteristic of HMPAM in aqueous solution was investigated by Ubbelohde viscometer. The results show the intrinsic viscosity of HMPAM in aqueous solution is higher than that of HPAM, indicating that HMPAM has better effect on increasing the viscosity of aqueous solution. The viscosity of the complex system consisted of HMPAM and the produced liquid from HPAM flooding is lower than that of the HMPAM system, but higher than that of the HMPAM/HPAM complex system in mineralized water. In order to investigate the major factor of the influence on the viscosity of the HMPAM/produced liquid complex system, the viscosities of HMPAM/HPAM (and hydrolyzed HPAM with different hydrolysis degree) in distilled water and in mineralized water were studied. The fluorescence spectrum and transmission electron microscopy measurements were carried out to investigate the interaction between HPMAM and produced liquid from a microscopic perspective. These results are useful for farther enhancing oil recovery after HPAM flooding.     

核壳型PVAc/PBA乳胶粒热力学平衡状态

乙酸乙烯酯;形态;核壳型PVAc/PBA乳胶粒热力学平衡状态;核壳结构;丙烯酸丁酯;乳液聚合;     

HPLC Analysis of the Urinary Iodine Concentration in Pregnant Women

Iodine is an essential component for fetal neurodevelopment and maternal thyroid function. Urine iodine is the most widely used indicator of iodine status. In this study, a novel validated ion-pair HPLC–UV method was developed to measure iodine concentration in clinical samples. A sodium thiosulfate solution was added to the urine sample to convert the total free iodine to iodide. Chromatographic separation was achieved in a Pursuit XRs C8 column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and a water phase containing 18-crown-6-ether, octylamine and sodium dihydrogen phosphate. Validation parameters, such as accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification, linearity and stability, were determined. Urinary samples from pregnant women were used to complete the validation and confirm the method’s applicability. In the studied population of 93 pregnant women, the median UIC was lower in the group without iodine supplementation (117 µg/L, confidence interval (%CI): 95; 138) than in the supplement group (133 µg/L, %CI: 109; 157). In conclusion, the newly established ion-pair HPLC–UV method was adequately precise, accurate and fulfilled validation the criteria for analyzing compounds in biological fluids. The method is less complicated and expensive than other frequently used assays and permits the identification of the iodine-deficient subjects.     

灰化法海带提碘实验中碘元素流失原因探析

理论推导结合正交实验发现,采用灰化法从海带中提取碘的实验中,以下不当操作会导致碘元素流失：用水洗涤海带样品;灰化时间过长;过滤时不用有机溶剂润洗;溶解海带灰时煮沸;溶液的pH控制不当;选用氧化性过强的氧化剂。基于上述结论,得出了灰化法海带提碘实验的改进方案。     

碘的生物无机化学研究进展—碘对甲状腺激素生物活性的结构作用探讨

本文综述甲状腺激素相关研究的进展,探讨碘在甲状腺激素与细胞内激素受体蛋白结合中的结构作用。文中评述了关于甲状腺激素与血浆运载蛋白和细胞内受体蛋白结合的溶液亲合性、结构研究和甲状腺激素碘代酚环的分子识别特性与碘的结构效应模拟研究的数据结果,并就碘对激素受体蛋白结合的结构作用提出了作者的观点。     

碘元素概念发展史及其教育价值

通过对碘元素概念发展历程的考证可知,1813年,盖·吕萨克首次提出碘元素概念,但当时碘元素和碘单质概念界定不清。至道尔顿提出原子论,赋予碘元素新的含义,首次将碘原子和碘元素结合在一起。20世纪40年代,碘同位素的发现完善了碘元素概念,形成现代碘元素观念。在化学教育中,须让学生认识到碘元素概念的发展史不仅是元素概念的发展史,也是科学思想的演进史和科学方法的发展史。     

一种碘/氯摩尔比等于1的韦氏试剂制备方法和用于碘值测定

报道一种碘／氯摩尔比等于１的韦氏试剂的制备方法，并与国际标准的中国国定标准方法对照，测定了３个代表性样品的碘值。结果表明：用本法制备的韦氏试剂的碘值测定精密度远高于其他两人。     

碘淀粉显色作用的实验探究*——碘熏法固定纸制品表面的潜在手印

在碘熏法显现潜在手印的基础上,针对大多数纸制品自身含有直链淀粉的特点,基于碘与淀粉的显色作用,创新地提出了利用加湿法固定显出手印的实验思路,并开展了相关的实验探究。用饱和碘水确定生活中常见纸制品的含淀粉情况,利用碘熏法显现这些纸制品表面的潜在手印,最后通过喷雾加湿和超声波雾化加湿使显出手印固定下来。     

Iodine binding capacity and iodine binding energy of glycogen

The iodine binding capacity (IBC) of glycogen is around 0.30% (w/w) at 3°C. The amount of iodine complexed comprises about 12.5% of the mass of glycogen that takes part in the glycogen–iodine (GI) complex formation. This suggests involvement of four iodine atoms for every 25 anhydroglucose units (AGU, C₆H₁₀O₅). Since the chromophore is due to the I₄ unit within the helix of 11 AGUs, only 44% of the AGUs (11 out of 25) are involved in the complex formation. The heat of formation of the GI complex is around −40 kJ/mol of I₂ bonded. These results suggest remarkable similarities with those of the amylopectin–iodine (API) complex. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1409–1412, 1997     

Iodine binding by amylopectin and stability of the amylopectin–iodine complex

The iodine binding capacity (IBC) of amylopectin (AP, from potatoes) is determined to be around 0.38% (w/w) of the total AP in the solution. The mass of iodine bound comprises about 13.6% of the mass of AP involved with the complex, suggesting that with every four iodine atoms bound there are 23 anhydroglucose residues (AGU). Since our previous study indicates that four iodine atoms within the helix of 11 AGUs form a chromophore unit in the API complex, only 48% of the AGUs (11 out of 23) in the AP molecule are directly involved with the iodine. The heat of reaction for the API complex formation is determined to be around ?47 kJ/mol of I–I units bound and is significantly lower in magnitude than that of the amylose-iodine (AI) complex [Biopolymers, 31 , 57 (1991)]. A possible mechanism has been proposed for the formation of AI and API complexes with fixed compositions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.