膜去溶-ICP-MS法测定高纯Eu_2O_3中14种痕量稀土杂质

研究了不需基体分离,膜去溶-ICP-MS法直接测定高纯Eu2O3中的14种痕量稀土杂质的分析方法。讨论了Eu基体产生的多原子离子对被测元素的质谱干扰。使用膜去溶后,待测元素灵敏度提高3倍左右,EuO/Eu产率从去溶前的0.016%降低为0.0007%。建立了Tm的数学校正方程,通过膜去溶结合数学校正可将Eu基体对Tm干扰完全消除。14种稀土杂质的检出限和(∑RE)为70 ng/L,测定下限和(∑RE)为0.54μg/g。对6N高纯Eu2O3样品进行了分析,样品回收率为96%~109%,RSD小于10%。所建立的方法对Eu2O3标准样品的测定结果与国家标准方法测定结果相一致。     

Determination of rare earth impurities in high purity gadolinium oxide by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after 2-ethylhexylhydrogen-ethylhexy phosphonate extraction chromatographic separation

A method was developed for the determination of rare earth impurities in high purity Gd(2)O(3) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The matrix suppression effect of Gd(2)O(3) on signals of rare earth impurities was compensated for by Re internal standardization. The spectra overlap interferences from GdH, GdO, GdOH(n) (n=1-3) on Tb, Tm, Yb and Lu were eliminated by 2-thylhexylhydrogen-2-ethylhexy phosphonate (EHEHP) extraction chromatographic separation. The detection limits for REEs were 0.005-0.017 ng ml(-1) in solution and 0.002-0.05 mug g(-1) in solid. Recoveries of spiked sample for REEs were from 88 to 121% with the precision of 1.0-7.5% RSD. Determination of trace REEs in two Gd(2)O(3) samples were performed. The method can be applied to analysis of 99.99-99.9999% high purity Gd(2)O(3).     

Direct determination of rare earth impurities in high purity erbium oxide dissolved in nitric acid by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

A novel method was developed for the direct determination of trace quantities of rare earth elements (REEs) in high purity erbium oxide dissolved in nitric acid by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in this work. The mass spectra overlap interferences arose from Er matrix on the neighbouring and monoisotopic analytes of ¹⁶⁵Ho(100) and ¹⁶⁹Tm(100) were eliminated by adjusting instrumental peak resolution value from 0.7 to 0.3 amu. The matrix suppression effect of Er on the ion peak signals of REEs impurities was effectively compensated with spiking In as internal standard element. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of REEs impurities was from 0.0090 to 0.025 μg g⁻¹, the recoveries of spiked sample for REEs were found to be in the range of 90.3-107% through using the proposed method and relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) varied between 2.5% and 6.7%. The novel methodology had been found to be suitable for the direct determination of trace REEs impurities in 99.999-99.9999% high purity Er₂O₃ and the results obtained from this method keep in good agreement with that acquired from high resolution ICP-MS.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高纯氧化钽中28种痕量杂质元素

建立了用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定高纯氧化钽中28种痕量杂质元素的方法。讨论了质谱干扰及接口效应,采用标准加入法消除基体效应。各元素的方法检出限为0.001~0.1μg/g,回收率为90%~115%,方法适用于纯度为99.999%的高纯氧化钽中痕量杂质元素的测定。     

Determination of trace elements in organic material by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Summary For purposes of trace element analysis of organic materials a combined analytical procedure is tested. It consists of a pressure decomposition by nitric acid at 220° C in quartz vessels. The measurements are performed in the diluted digests by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry. Analytical figures of merit are given.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Karl Winsauer on the occasion of his 60th birthday.     

电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定高纯硫粉末中17种痕量杂质

建立电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)法测定高纯硫粉中Si、P、V、Cr、Mn、Ni、Co、Cu、As、Zn、Zr、Cd、In、Sb、Te、Pb、Bi等17种痕量金属杂质含量的方法。样品用HClO4溶解后挥发硫基体,使样品中杂质元素得到富集,各杂质元素的方法检出限为0.1～50ng/g。方法加标回收率为83%～117%。各杂质元素均为10ng/mL的混合标准溶液平行7次测定的相对标准偏差均小于5%。该方法能够满足纯度为99.999%～99.9999%的高纯硫样品中杂质测定的需要。     

萃取分离-ICP-MS测定高纯铝中痕量元素

利用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)-CHCl_3萃取分离体系结合ICP-MS对高纯铝中的Co、As、Mo、In、Sn、Sb、Cd、Ag、Pd、Au进行测定,建立了测定高纯铝中痕量元素的方法.实验分别考察了仪器工作参数,萃取酸度,络合剂用量对于杂质元素测定结果的影响,选择了最佳实验条件.各元素的回收率在77.6%～112.2%之间,检出限0.02～0.6 ng/mL,RSD为1.6%～7.2%.     

Determination of rare earth elements impurities in high purity uranium

A sensitive radiochemical procedure has been developed for the separation and determination of Dy, Sm, Gd, Eu, La and Lu in high purity uranium. The method is based on quantitative extraction of uranium using NPy/benzene as an extractant from 7M HCl solution. Rare earth elements (REE) remaining in the aqueous phase were subsequently determined by INAA.     

Extractive chromatographic separation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric determination of trace impurities in high purity europium oxide

An easily applicable separation method has been developed for the accurate and simultaneous determination of trace amounts of Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in high purity europium oxide by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) combined with extraction chromatography. Spectral interferences and europium matrix effects were examined. The chromatographic separation procedure was carried out with a di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP)-Levextrel resin as the stationary phase, which retained the matrix europium, and dilute nitric acid as the mobile phase, which eluted the analyte of interest. The effect of nitric acid concentration on the adsorption of europium and the analyte ions on the resin, the eluting behaviour of these elements on the chromatographic column, and the capacity of the resin for europium oxide were investigated. The quantitative limits for determination (10 sigma), based on a 0.5-g amount of europium oxide, are between 0.36 microg/g for Mn and 6.4 microg/g for Pb. The method was applied to two spiked samples and a high purity europium oxide certified reference material. Results were obtained for recoveries of 93.2-112% and precision of 4-13%, expressed as the relative standard deviation and excellent agreement with the certified value with a relative error of <4%.     

Trace analysis of rare earth elements and other impurities in high purity scandium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after liquid-liquid extraction of the matrix

Bis(2-ethyl hexyl)-orthophosphoric acid in toluene has been used to extract scandium selectively from an aqueous phase containing nearly thirty elements at various concentrations. The trace elements (Li, Mg, Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Cd, In, Sb, Ba, REE, Hf, Pt, Tl, Pb, Bi and u) have been determined quantitatively in the aqueous phase using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The recoveries have been quantitative for most of the analytes studied and ICP-MS has been found suitable for the determination of trace quantities of these elements in the aqueous extract. The procedure has been applied to the quantitative ultra-trace analysis of rare earth elements (REE) and other trace impurities in high purity scandium metal (4N) using ICP-MS and ID-ICP-MS techniques.Presented in part at the 2nd Regensburger Symposium Massenspektrometrische Verfahren der Elementspurenanalyse, 6.-8.10.93, Regensburg, Germany     

Determination of rare earth impurities in high purity uranium by isotope dilution analysis

Summary An isotope dilution method for the determination of rare earth impurities in uranium has been developed and Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd have been determined in uranium oxide samples. The method involves isotopic dilution with enriched isotopes of the rare earths being measured, followed by the separation of rare earths from uranium. A mass spectrometer with thermionic source was used to determine the relative isotopic abundances in each of these rare earths. All these five elements were analysed selectively by preferential evaporation technique. Trace concentrations down to parts per billion range can be measured with good sensitivity and accuracy.

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Bestimmung von Verunreinigungen an Seltenen Erden in hochreinem Uran durch Isotopenverdünnungsanalyse

Zusammenfassung Eine Isotopenverdünnungsmethode wurde ausgearbeitet zur Bestimmung von Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu und Gd in Uranoxidproben. Das Verfahren umfaßt isotopische Verdünnung mit angereicherten Isotopen der zu bestimmenden Elemente und nachfolgende Abtrennung der Seltenen Erden von Uran. Die relativen Isotopenhäufigkeiten wurden mit Hilfe eines Massenspektrometers mit thermischer Ionenquelle bestimmt. Alle fünf Elemente wurden durch selektive Verdampfung analysiert. Spurenkonzentrationen bis herab zum ppb-Bereich konnten mit guter Empfindlichkeit und Genauigkeit erfaßt werden.

     

Determination of rare earth impurities in ytterbium oxide by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Summary Determination of Kare Earth Impurities in Ytterbium Oxide by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry An X-ray fluorescence spectrometric method for the determination of traces of Ho, Er, Tm, Lu and Y oxides in the concentration range of 0.005–1% in ytterbium oxide is developed. The precision at various concentrations of the standards is given. Intensity corrections for line overlaps have been determined.     

高纯氧化钇的感耦等离子体发射光谱分析及基体效应的研究

以高纯氧化钇中稀土杂质的ICP-AES测定为例, 研究了基体对分析元素谱线强度的影响及基体效应与工作条件的关系, 指出基体效应除主要来自分析物进样效率的降低外, 大量基体进入ICP降低了激发温度并对分析物的电离产生抑制作用, 提出用Se内标法代替通常的基体匹配法来补偿基体效应。进行了折衷条件选择及联样量确定等研究。实样分析表明, 内标法和基体匹配法所得结果一致, 加入回收率为87-120%, 精度也符合分析要求。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中镉

采用HF-HClO4-HNO3-H2SO4分解样品,王水提取,选用4个国家一级标准物质制备成标准系列校准,ICP-MS法直接测定地球化学样品中的Cd。选择103Rh为内标,确定了仪器的最佳分析条件,研究了Zr,Sn对Cd的干扰,选择114Cd作为测定同位素,采用数学公式校正了Sn对Cd的同质异位素干扰,方法检测限(3s)为6.3×10-3μg/g,RSD(n=12)为3.9%～6.6%。经国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与标准值吻合较好。该方法适用于地球化学样品中的微量Cd的测定。     

Neutron activation analysis of rare earth impurities in europium oxide

A neutron activation analysis method for determining Yb, Dy, Ho, Sm and La impurities in europium oxide with sensitivities of 10^?5 to 10^?7% is described. The method is based on a preliminary concentration of the rare earth elements by reducing europium(III) with zinc to europium(II), and separating the trivalent rare earth elements by extraction chromatography. After neutron irradiation, the individual radioisotopes of the rare earth elements are separated by using KU-2 cation exchange resin and ammonium α-hydroxyisobutyrate solution as the eluant.     

电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定高纯ZnS粉末中痕量金属杂质

建立了用电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)法测定高纯ZnS粉末中Mg、Al、Mn、Ni等11种痕量金属杂质含量的方法。样品溶解后可直接进样分析。加标回收率为89%~120%。各金属杂质均为10 ng/mL的混合标准溶液平行7次进样的相对标准偏差均小于5%。方法能够满足纯度在99.99%~99.999%范围的ZnS样品中杂质测定的需要。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱测定富钴结壳中的稀土元素

采用封闭压力酸溶(HF+HNO3)消解样品,以Rh为内标,用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定富钴结壳中的稀土元素。用此方法对3个国家一级标准物质富钴结壳标样(GSMC-1,GSMC-2,GSMC-3)进行了多次测定,结果稀土元素的测定值与标准值相符,多次测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)在0.36%～4.0%之间,加标回收率为90%～106%。基于此方法,对6个富钴结壳样品进行了测定,显示富钴结壳样品中稀土元素的配分曲线与标准物质中稀土元素的配分模式一致。方法适用于富钴结壳样品的批量分析。     

Interferences of oxide, hydroxide and chloride analyte species in the determination of rare earth elements in geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

The analytical procedure for the determination of Ba and rare earth elements in rocks and minerals by ICP-MS is described. The yield of mono-oxide and hydroxide ions of Ba and rare earth elements, and chloride ions of Ba has been determined. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet template has been written to calculate the expected peak intensities for all possible analyte species (M⁺, MO⁺, MOH⁺ and MCl⁺) as a function of the mass number. The degree of interferences of different analyte isotopes is estimated and interferent equivalent concentrations are given for elements, for which no isotope free from interferences is available. The method is applied to the analysis of the four Geo-Reference samples AC-E, GSP-1, G-2 and AGV-1; the analytical accuracy is better than ±10% for most of the elements when compared with recommended reference values.     

Determination of metals in composite diet samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

A study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques for determination of metals in composite diets. Aluminum, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, nickel, vanadium, and zinc were determined by this method. Atmospheric pressure microwave digestion was used to solubilize analytes in homogenized composite diet samples, and this procedure was followed by ICP-MS analysis. Recovery of certified elements from standard reference materials ranged from 92 to 119% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.4-1.9%. Recovery of elements from fortified composite diet samples ranged from 75 to 129% with RSDs of 0-11.3%. Limits of detection ranged from 1 to 1700 ng/g; high values were due to significant amounts of certain elements naturally present in composite diets. Results of this study demonstrate that low-resolution quadrupole-based ICP-MS provides precise and accurate measurements of the elements tested in composite diet samples.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯铝中硅

建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定高纯铝中硅元素的分析方法。样品采用碱溶法进行预处理,以氢氧化钠溶液溶解,再加入盐酸、硝酸酸化。选取了硅251.611 nm分析谱线进行分析。硅的质量分数在0.001%~0.01%范围内与光谱强度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9991。该方法检出限为0.00012%,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于10.2%(n=8),加标回收率为93.2%~104.2%。该方法操作简便,测定结果准确、可靠,适用于快速检测高纯铝中硅元素,具有推广价值。