数字散斑干涉术和时空三维相位解包裹用于非连续表面动态变形测量（英文）

为解决传统相位解包裹法不能够用于非连续表面的动态变形测量的缺点,在详细阐述基于时空三维相位解包裹技术的数字散斑干涉术的工作原理和测量步骤基础上,应用数字散斑干涉术和时空三维相位解包裹测量非连续表面动态变形.实验证明,当采用每秒70帧的普通相机拍照时,可实现最快形变速率为25.12μm/s的非连续表面动态变形测量.本文所提方法扩展了数字散斑干涉术的测量范围,增强其应用能力.     

基于物体像的干涉条纹图像中散斑噪声的识别方法

散斑噪声是激光干涉时的普遍现象,其覆盖被测表面对应区域的形状信息,造成测量误差。针对斜入式激光干涉测量中散斑噪声的特点,提出一种基于物体像的散斑噪声的识别方法。该方法通过统计物体像中有效测量区域和背景区域内灰度分布的特点,自动计算出判定散斑噪声的上下阈值。基于物体像与干涉条纹图像间微米级的映射关系,得到干涉条纹图像中散斑噪声的位置。设计了相关实验,对干涉条纹图像中识别出的散斑噪声区域进行修补,消除了包裹相位图中一个条纹周期内相邻像素点间大于π的相位突变。     

基于散斑相位条纹方向的自适应正弦/余弦滤波

结合正弦/余弦(sin/cos)滤波技术提出了依据散斑相位条纹图的条纹方向自动选取滤波窗口大小的自适应滤波法。通过计算散斑包裹相位条纹图的条纹方向,依据相位条纹方向自动选择合适的滤波窗口,对散斑包裹相位图的sin和cos变换图同时进行自适应均值滤波,再通过四象限反正切算法得到包裹相位条纹图。实验结果表明,该滤波法能有效保护条纹相位跳变信息,对于条纹密度变化较大且形状复杂的散斑包裹相位图,仍能进行有效的条纹滤波处理,滤波后的相位条纹图更逼近于原始条纹走向。     

基于边缘检测的最小不连续相位展开算法

为克服Fylnn最小不连续相位展开算法效率较低的缺陷,以快速高效地展开包裹相位图,提出了一种基于边缘检测的最小不连续相位展开新算法.先对孤立噪声点预处理并将其排除在增长环搜寻扫描区域外,然后利用边缘检测技术检测出相位不连续区域,并把其作为扫描区域.由于利用边缘检测使增长环搜寻所需的扫描范围在很大程度上缩小,最小不连续相位展开算法的效率得到了很大提高.详细描述了新算法的原理和实现步骤,并用计算机模拟和实际的包裹相位图来验证其有效性.相位展开结果表明,新算法能正确展开这些包裹相位图,且较最小不连续算法有更高的效率.     

基于图切割的相位展开

剪切散斑干涉术中,普遍采取相移法提取相位,只可得到被包裹的相位信息,进一步量化计算之前,必须展开相位,但是大量的散斑噪音使相位展开变得非常困难.本文提出基于图切割理论的相位展开算法,将相位展开等价于整数的最优估计问题,通过最小化能量函数展开相位,无需对散斑包裹相位图进行滤波,就可以从包含大量散斑噪音的包裹相位图中准确地提取出真实相位,极大程度地保留了相位包裹图中的细节信息.对于同一幅模拟的散斑包裹相位图,传统的质量导向枝切法和最小二乘法的均方根误差分别为11.7076和4.9775,新算法的均方根误差则为0.9459,数值模拟与实验结果均验证了新算法优良的抗噪性能.     

基于图切割的相位展开

剪切散斑干涉术中,普遍采取相移法提取相位,只可得到被包裹的相位信息,进一步量化计算之前,必须展开相位,但是大量的散斑噪音使相位展开变得非常困难.本文提出基于图切割理论的相位展开算法,将相位展开等价于整数的最优估计问题,通过最小化能量函数展开相位,无需对散斑包裹相位图进行滤波,就可以从包含大量散斑噪音的包裹相位图中准确地提取出真实相位,极大程度地保留了相位包裹图中的细节信息.对于同一幅模拟的散斑包裹相位图,传统的质量导向枝切法和最小二乘法的均方根误差分别为11.707 6和4.977 5,新算法的均方根误差则为0.945 9,数值模拟与实验结果均验证了新算法优良的抗噪性能.     

数字相移技术用于不连续复杂物体的三维面形测量

提出了一种检测不连续复杂三维物体面形的技术,即数字相移技术结合查找表双频解包裹算法,用于不连续复杂物体的面形测量。首先介绍了数字相移技术和查找表双频解包裹算法的基本原理,然后通过实验实现了对不连续复杂物体的三维面形测量。结果验证了所提出的测量方案的有效性。     

级数相位去包裹方法

提出了一个简单的相位去包裹方法－－条纹的极数相位去包裹算法,将其用来恢复物体的真实相位。与传统的条纹相位去包裹方法相比较,该方法能够消除光载频、物体边缘、阴影和盲点的影响。理论分析和实验结果证明该方法适用于条纹空间相位测量方法解调的包裹相位。     

基于剪切散斑干涉技术的物体变形动态检测

为使仅适用于静态测量的空间相移剪切散斑干涉系统可用于物体变形的动态测量,在对传统剪切散斑干涉系统加以改进的基础上,提出一种物体变形动态检测方法。将检测系统中的压电陶瓷控制器用参考镜代替,减少了物理装置控制与执行的时间。对于物体发生变形的同一状态,仅需采集一幅干涉图像即可满足后期计算,加以二维连续小波滤波和最小二乘相位解包算法,能满足物体变形动态在线检测的需求。理论和实测实验表明,该方法能快速可靠地检测出物体动态形变,整个系统的最大误差范围在-1.5 rad~1.5 rad之间,整个检测过程最大误差百分比为6.4%,有较高的精度和实用性,为新型剪切散斑干涉测量系统的改进和设计提供参考。     

利用散斑嵌入条纹和查找表进行三维面形测量

为了快速、准确地重建复杂场景的三维面形,提出了一种利用散斑嵌入相移条纹图案和截断相位-高度查找表的三维面形测量方法。将散斑作为辅助信号嵌入到四步相移条纹图案的相位分布中,得到待投影的复合条纹图案。利用相移算法解调出被测物体的截断相位和额外的散斑信息。利用查找表得到截断相位对应的多个候选高度,再利用散斑对条纹周期进行标记以解决高度歧义问题,唯一确定截断相位所对应的正确高度,以实现被测物体三维面形的快速重建。该方法直接从截断相位信息中重建三维面形,无需投影任何附加图案,也无需进行相位展开。理论分析和实验结果表明,该方法可以实现动、静态复杂场景三维形貌的高精度测量且鲁棒性好。     

Accuracy and sensitivity of a hole drilling and digital speckle pattern interferometry combined technique to measure residual stresses

This paper reports on the accuracy and sensitivity of digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) when it is combined with the hole drilling technique for measuring residual stresses. The in-plane displacement field generated by the introduction of a small hole is determined using an automated data analysis approach. This method is based on the calculation of the optical phase distribution through a phase-shifting method and the application of a robust iterative phase unwrapping algorithm. It is experimentally demonstrated that residual stresses can be measured with a relative uncertainty of 7.5%. It is also shown that the minimum value of residual stress that can be determined with the DSPI and hole drilling combined technique is about 10% of the yield stress of the material.     

Refractive and geometric lens characterization through multi-wavelength digital speckle pattern interferometry

Physical parameters of different types of lenses were measured through digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) using a multimode diode laser as light source. When such lasers emit two or more longitudinal modes simultaneously the speckle image of an object appears covered of contour fringes. By performing the quantitative fringe evaluation the radii of curvature as well as the refractive indexes of the lenses were determined. The fringe quantitative evaluation was carried out through the four- and the eight-stepping techniques and the branch-cut method was employed for phase unwrapping. With all these parameters the focal length was calculated. This whole-field multi-wavelength method does enable the characterization of spherical and aspherical lenses and of positive and negative ones as well.     

基于方向图变换的快速不连续相位展开

几何突变导致的相位不连续一直是相位展开中具有挑战的问题.针对这一问题,提出基于方向与变换的快速不连续相位展开算法.在提出的算法中,利用图像的结构张量估计包裹相位图的方向,将方向图进行变换和差分计算得到的可靠的权重系数图作为加权最小二乘法的权重,并使用预处理共轭梯度法迭代求解.该算法可以快速地找出不连续位置,并在不连续分...     

调制度分析在等步长相移法相位展开中的应用

推导了两种常用等步长相移算法的调制度表达式,提出一种新的调制度分析方法。该方法用于等步长相移法中基于加权最小二乘法的相位展开,能够充分利用调制度信息,构造二值和小数权重,从而增强相位展开过程对多种干扰因素的免疫力。实验结果说明了该方法的有效性和实用性。最后比较了二值权重和小数权重在加权最小二乘法的相位展开中的性能表现。     

The system of double-optical-path ESPI for the vibration measurement

In this paper, a system of double-optical-path electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) for measuring larger vibration is proposed. This system combines the conventional ESPI optical path for measuring out-of plane vibration and the de-sensitized optical path. It can be used to observe qualitatively and analyze quantitatively the vibration mode. At the same time, the phase unwrapping is avoided. The anti-disturbance capability of this system is high, so it can be used to analyze the vibration characteristics of complex and discontinuous structure in actual engineering.     

Realization of Absolute‐Phase Unwrapping and Speckle Suppression in Laser Digital Holography

In this paper, an absolute‐phase unwrapping and speckle suppression approach to reconstruct a three‐dimensional (3‐D) image of an object with laser digital holography is described. This method offers three advantages to enhance the performance of the phase reconstruction technique. First, both speckle suppression and phase unwrapping are processed in the complex amplitude domain rather than in the single phase or amplitude domain. With this approach, the phase details of the object are better preserved upon phase reconstruction. Second, the proposed algorithm requires no threshold determination and thus achieves self‐adaptive speckle suppression and robust phase unwrapping, in contrast to other methods. Finally, an improved dual‐domain image denoising method is applied to further remove speckle‐remnant‐induced phase distortion. Ideal 3‐D phase reconstruction results are obtained both theoretically and experimentally for the first time.     

相位调制数字散斑干涉术

提出一种可绕Ｚ轴转动的粗糙平板（参考物体）实现相位调制，该方法在不改变电子散斑干涉术（ＥＳＰＩ）或数字散干涉术（ＤＳＰＩ）系统装置的情况下，可用于微小离而位移场（例如最大离面位移为λ）的测量，以及复杂形变的离面位移场的自动测量。     

Young's modulus measurement of the radius bone using a shearing interferometer with carrier fringes

A technique for measuring Young's modulus of the radius bone by using electronic speckle-shearing pattern interferometry is proposed. The technique is based on the introduction of carrier fringes and the use of a phase unwrapping algorithm to obtain a phase map corresponding to the out-of-plane displacements of a radius bone without sign ambiguities. The carrier fringes are obtained by the correlation algorithm of two consecutive speckle fields with a translation of the illuminating beam between each recording, then the spatial synchronous detection (SSD), an unwrapping phase algorithm and integration process along shear direction are successfully applied for obtaining a displacement phase map. Next, analysis of the radius bone as a cantilever allows us to obtain Young's modulus. The study was performed with speckle interferometry and with the finite element method for comparing the results. Advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method are discussed.