Four- and Eight-Carbon Homologation of Benzaldehyde by (1Z,3Z)-Butyltelluro-1,3-Butadiene: Synthesis of Navenone B: Alarm Pheromone of the Mollusk Navanax inermis

Four- and eight-carbon homologation of benzaldehydes is described. The hydrotelluration of (Z)-1-methoxy-but-1-en-3-ynes 1 afforded (1Z,3Z)-1-butyltelluro-4-methoxy-1,3-butadiene 2, this compound 2 underwent a Te/Li exchange reaction, and the butadienyllithium 3 obtained reacted with benzaldehyde to form the corresponding allylic alcohol 4 with total retention of configuration. The allylic alcohol 4a formed underwent acidic hydrolysis, resulting in 5-phenyl-(2E,4E)-dienal 5 (four-carbon homologation of benzaldehyde). Product 5 reacted with the butadienyllithium 3, affording the alcohol 9-phenyl-(1Z,3Z,6E,8E)-1-methoxy-5-hydroxy-nonatetraene 6, which was hydrolyzed or spontaneously transformed into 9-phenyl-(2E,4E,6E,8E)-tetraenal 7, completing the eight-carbon homologation of benzaldehyde. Reaction of 9-phenyl-nona-(2E,4E,6E,8E)-tetraenal 7 with methyllithium in tetrahydrofuran afforded (3E,5E,7E,9E)-10-phenyl-deca-3,5,7,9-tetraen-2-ol 8. The product of the reaction described was employed in the synthesis of (3E,5E,7E,9E)-10-phenyl-deca-3,5,7,9-tetraen-2-one 9, which is known as navenone B, an alarm pheromone of the mollusk Navanax inermis.     

2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furo[3,2-b]pyrroles: synthesis and reactions

The synthesis and reactions of methyl 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate (1a) are described. Upon reaction with methyl iodide, benzyl chloride, or acetic anhydride, this compound gave N-substituted products 1b-d. By hydrolysis of compounds 1a-c, the corresponding acids 2a-c were formed, or by reaction with hydrazine-hydrate, the corresponding carbohydrazides 3a-c were formed. By heating 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenly]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid (2a) in acetic anhydride, 4-acetyl-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furo[3,2-b]pyrrole (4) was formed. By hydrolysis of 4, 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole (5a) was formed, and reactions with methyl iodide or benzyl chloride gave N-substituted products 5b-c. The reaction of 4 with dimethyl butynedioate gave substituted benzo[b]furan 6. Compound 3a reacted with triethyl orthoesters giving 7a-c, which afforded with phosphorus (V) sulphide the corresponding thiones 8a-c. The thiones 8a-c reacted with hydrazine hydrate to form hydrazine derivatives 9a-c. The reaction of triethyl orthoformiate with compounds 9a-c led to furo[2′,3′: 4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-f][1,2,4]triazines 10a-c. Hydrazones 11a-c were formed from 3a-c and 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furan-2-carboxaldehyde. The effect of microwave irradiation on some condensation reactions was compared with “classical” conditions. The results showed that microwave irradiation shortens the reaction time while affording comparable yields.     

Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel 1,4-Bridged Bis-1,2,4-Triazoles,Bis-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles and Bis-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

Abstract

The terephthalic acid hydrazide(1) reacted with phenyl/benzyl isothiocyanate2a,bto yield the corresponding bis-thiosemicarbazides4a,b,viaacid hydrolysis of the intermediate 3whereas cyclization of4gave the bis-1,2,4-triazoles 5,6and bis-1,3,4-thiadiazoles7,8. Similarly, compound 1reacted with phenyl isocyanate9to give the bis-semicarbazide10, which was cyclized to the bis-oxadiazole 11and/or bis-1,2,4-triazole12in POCl_ti3and NaOH respectively.     

2-Ethanethioamide in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis and Characterization of Several New Pyridine and Fused Azolo- and Azinopyridine Derivatives

Pyridine-2(1H)-thione derivatives 3a,b were synthesized from the reaction of 1-(phenyl-sulfanyl)acetone (1) and cinnnamonitrile derivatives 2a,b. Compounds 3a,b reacted with different halogenated reagents 7a–f to give 2-S-alkylpyridine derivatives 8a–l, which could be, in turn, cyclized into the corresponding thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives 9a–l. Compounds 9d,j reacted with acetic anhydride, formic acid, carbon disulfide, phenyl isothiocyanate, and nitrous acid to yield the corresponding pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 12a,b, 15a,b, 17a,b, 20a,b, and pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazinone derivatives 22a,b, respectively.

Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file.     

Facile synthesis and characterization of novel pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one and pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine incorporating 1,3-diarylpyrazole moiety

4-(3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-6-phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2-di hydro-pyridine-3-carbonitrile (1) reacted with ethyl chloroacetate (2) in ethanolic sodium acetate solution to yield the corresponding ethyl (3-cyanopyridin-2-ylsulphanyl)acetate derivative 3. Intramolecular cyclization of compound 3 was achieved by its heating in DMF containing potassium carbonate to afford the corresponding ethyl 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate derivative 4 which reacted with hydrazine hydrate in refluxing pyridine to yield the starting material 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carbohydrazide derivative 7. Compound 7 reacted with different reagents such as triethylorthoformate, formic acid, acetic acid and acetic anhydride to afford the target molecules pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives 8–10, 12 and 13 in good to excellent yields. On the other hand, pyridine-2(1H)-thione derivative 1 reacted with hydrazine hydrate in refluxing pyridine to give the other starting material 3-amino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivative 20 which reacted with acetylacetone under reflux to afford the target molecule pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-a]-pyrimidine derivative 21 in a good yield. The structures of target molecules were elucidated using elemental analyses and spectral data.     

Synthesis of Heteroanellated Pyranosides Starting from Methyl 4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐2,3‐dideoxy‐α‐d‐erythro‐hexopyranosid‐2‐ylidenemalononitrile

The hexopyranosid‐2‐ylidenemalononitrile 1 reacted with phenyl isothiocyanate in the presence of triethylamine to furnish (2R,4aR,6S,10bS)‐8‐amino‐4a,6,10,10b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐2‐phenyl‐10‐phenylimino‐4H‐thiopyrano[3′,4′:4,5]pyrano[3,2‐d][1,3]dioxine‐7‐carbonitrile (2). Starting from 1, cyclization with sulphur and diethylamine yielded (2R,4aR,6S,9bR)‐8‐amino‐4,4a,6,9b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐2‐phenylthieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrano[3,2‐d][1,3]dioxine‐7‐carbonitrile (3), which could be transformed into the corresponding aminomethylenamino derivative 4 by treatment with triethyl orthoformate and ammonia. Intramolecular cyclization of 4 to yield (2R,4aR,6S,11bR)‐4,4a,6,11b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐2‐phenyl[1,3]dioxino[4″,5″:5′,6′]pyrano[3′,4′:4,5]thieno [2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐7‐amine (5) was achieved by using NaH as base. (2R,4aR,6S,9bS)‐8‐Amino‐4a,6,9,9b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐9‐(4‐methylphenyl‐sulfonyl)‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐[1,3]dioxino[4′,5′:5,6]pyrano[4,3‐b]pyrrole‐7‐carbonitrile (6) was prepared by treatment of compound 1 with tosylazide and triethylamine.     

SYNTHESIS OF ANELLATED ANHYDROPYRANOSES ON THE BASIS OF 1,6-ANHYDRO-3-DEOXY-4-METHYLSULFANYL-3-[(METHYLSULFANYL)METHYLENE]-β-D-ERYTHRO-HEXOPYRANOS-2-ULOSE

(Z)-1,6-Anhydro-3-deoxy-4-methylsulfanyl-3-[(methylsulfanyl)methylene]-β-D-erythro-hexopyranos-2-ulose (1) reacted with diethyl malonate, 1,3-diketones, N-aryl-3-oxobutyramides and dialkyl 3-oxoglutarate, respectively, in the presence of potassium carbonate and crown ether to yield diethyl 2-(1,6-anhydro-4-methylsulfanyl—D-arabino-hex-2-ulopyranos-3-ylmethylene) malonate (2), 1-{(1R,2S,8S,9R)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-methylthio-3,11,12- trioxatricyclo7.2.1.0^2,7dodeca-4,6-dien-5-yl} ethanone (3), (1R,2S,12S,13R)-2-hydroxy-12-methylthio-3,15,16-trioxatetracyclo[11.2.1. 0^2,11. 0^4,9] hexadeca- 4(9),10-dien-8-one (4), (1R,8S,9R)-5-acetyl-3-aryl-8-methylthio-11,12-dioxa- 3-azatricyclo-[7.2.1.0^2,7]dodeca-2(7),5-dien-4-ones (5,6) and dialkyl (1R,8S,-9R)-4-hydroxy-8-methylthio-11,12-dioxatricyclo[7.2.1.0^2,7]dodeca-2(7),3,5-triene-3,5-dicarboxylates (7,8), respectively.     

Facile Syntheses of Some Thieno[2,3-d] Pyrimidine Derivatives

In one-pot synthesis 2-arylidene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrothiazolo[3,2-a] cyclopenteno-thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine-3,5-diones (3) were prepared via the reaction of a ternary mixture of 2-thioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydr cyclopentinothieno [2,3-d]-4-one (2), chloroacetic acid and a proper aldehyde. Compound 2 reacted with 3-chloropent-2, 4-dione in ethanolic potassium hydroxide yielding the S-acetyl acetone derivative 5f . The latter compound reacted with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine yielded the 2-pyrazolthio derivative 10a, b. Compound 5f also underwent cyclization on heating with acetic acid—pyridine solution to give 11. The 2-methylthio derivative 5a, when treated with hydrogen peroxide gave the corresponding oxidized product 9.     

Synthesis of 5′-amino- and 5′-azido-2′,5′-dideoxy nucleosides from thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

Summary Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (4) was silylated and condensed with methyl 5-azido-2,5-dideoxy-3-O-(4-methylbenzoyl)-D-erythro-pentofuranoside (2) in the presence ofTMS triflate to afford the corresponding protected nucleoside6 and acyclic nucleoside7. Deprotection of6 with MeONa/MeOH at room temperature gave 1-(5-azido-2,5-dideoxy--D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (8) and the corresponding anomer9, whereas compound7 yielded 5-azido-2,5-dideoxy-1-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-O-methyl-D-erythro-pentitol (10) under the same reaction conditions. 1-(5-Amino-2,5-dideoxy--D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (11) was obtained on treating9 with Ph₃P in pyridine followed by hyrolysis with NH₄OH. The anomeric nucleosides14 and15 and the corresponding acyclic nucleoside16 were obtained when4 was trimethylsilylated and condensed with methyl 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-(4-methylbenzoyl)-D-erythro-pentofuranoside (3) followed by deprotection with MeONa in MeOH. Compounds8 and9 were also obtained when the anomeric mixture14/15 was treated with a mixture of NaN₃, Ph₃P, and CBr₄ in dryDMF at room temperature.On leave from Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt     

SYNTHESIS OF NEW ANTHRACYCLINE DERIVATIVES CONTAINING PYRUVIC,ASPARTIC, OR N-ACETYLASPARTIC ACID MOLECULE

ABSTRACT

The new anthracycline analogues (2–10) as potential anticancer agents were synthesized from daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b). Compounds 2, 6, and 7 were prepared by the nucleophilic displacement type esterification of a 14-bromodaunomycin (1c) with a sodium pyruvate, aspartate, and N-acetylaspartic acid, respectively. Whereas compounds (3, 8) and (4, 9) were prepared by the reaction of daunomycin (1a) or doxorubicin (1b) with one equivalent of the corresponding acids in the presence of EDCI/PP, compounds (5, 10) were obtained from 1b by reaction with two equivalents of the corresponding acids in the same manner.     

Cycloaddition reactions of 1-tert-butyl-4-vinylpyrazole

Summary 1-tert-Butyl-4-vinylpyrazole1 a reacts with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD), methyl propiolate (MP) and N-phenylmaleimide (NPMI) affording the indazole derivatives2,3, and5 as a result of a Diels-Alder ([4 + 2]) cycloaddition. With diethylazodicarboxylate (DEAZD), tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione (PTAD) the reaction takes place exclusively through the olefinic substituent and the adducts6,7, and9 were isolated. The alkenylpyrazoles1 b–d reacted withDMAD and N-phenylmaleimide to give polymers.

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Cycloadditionen von 1-tert-Butyl-4-vinylpyrazol

Zusammenfassung 1-tert-Butyl-4-vinylpyrazol1 a reagiert mit Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester (DMAD), Propiolsäuremethylester (MP) und N-Phenylmaleimid (NPMI) zu den entsprechenden Indazolderivaten2,3 bzw.5, als Ergebnis einer Diels-Alder-([4+2])-Cycloaddition. Bei der Reaktion mit Azodicarbonsäure-diethylester (DEAZD), Tetracyanethylen (TCNE) und 4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3,5-dion (PTAD) wird exklusiv die Olefingruppe von1 a angegriffen, wobei die Addukte6,7 bzw.8 isoliert werden. Die Alkenylpyrazole1 b–d reagieren mitDMAD und N-Phenylmaleimid unter Bildung von Polymeren.

     

Synthesis of New Fused 1,5-Benzodiazepines,Part 3

1,3-Dihydro-4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one 1 _a was treated with some ylidenecyanothioacetamides to give the corresponding pyrido(2,3-b)benzodiazepines 3– 6. Treatment of compound 1 _a with a mixture of thiophen-2-aldehyde and thiourea or guanidine gave the corresponding 1,3-thiazino- and pyrimido(4,5-b)benzodiazepines 7 and 8. 3-Arylidene derivatives 9 _a–e and 10 were synthesized. Compound 10 was subject to react with 2-(1-methylthio-1′-anilinomethylidene)malononitrile to give oxazino-benzodiazepine 11. Thieno(3,2-b)benzodiazepines 12 _a,b and 13 were synthesized via the reaction of compound 1 _b with sulfur and some active nitriles. [1,3-Dihydro-4-phenyl(1,5)-benzodiazepin-2-ylidene]malononitrile 15was used as synthon to obtain novel pyrido-, pyrano-, benzo-, and thienobenzodiazepines 16–20, respectively. The reaction of compound 1 _b with CS ₂ or PhNCS along with 1,1,3-tricyano-2-aminoprop-1-ene, 2-(1-methylthio-1′-anilinomethylidene)malononitrile, or 1,3-dibromopropane gave the corresponding polyfused benzodiazepines 21– 23, respectively.     

Synthesis,Reactions, and Antiviral Activity of 1-(1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone and Pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine Derivatives

1-(3-Amino-6-methyl-4-pyridin-3-yl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone (3) was obtained in very pure state and used as a good starting material for the present study. It diazotized to give the corresponding diazonium salt 9 and also reacted with phenyl isothiocyanate to give the corresponding thiourea derivative 4. Compound 4 was used for the preparation of thiazole derivatives 5–8 via the reaction with active halogen-containing compounds. On the other hand, compound 9 coupled with several active –CH₂- containing compounds to afford the corresponding triazine derivatives 10–17. Considering the data from IR, ¹ H NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analyses, the chemical structures of the newly synthesized heterocyclic compounds were elucidated. Cytotoxicity, anti-HSV1, and anti-HAV-MBB activity were evaluated for the newly synthesized heterocyclic compounds.     

Synthesis of substituted 4H-thiazolo[4,5-b][1]benzothiopyran-4-ones as possible schistosomicidal agents

Summary Interaction of ethyl 2-acetamido-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate (2) with 2-methyl-5-chlorothiophenol (3) afforded the thioether4, which was hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid5. Attempted cyclization of5 to6 yielded the decarboxylated product7. On the other hand, interaction of 2-acetamido-5-bromothiazole (9) with thiosalicylic acid (10) yielded the thioether11, which was cyclized to compound12. Acid hydrolysis of12 yielded the amino derivative13, which was reacted with certain selected alkyl halides using sodium hydride to afford compounds14–18.

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Synthese von substituierten 4H-Thiazolo[4,5-b][1]benzothiopyran-4-onen als mögliche schistosomicide Wirkstoffe

Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion von Ethyl 2-Acetamido-5-bromthiazol-4-carboxylat (2) mit 2-Methyl-5-chlorthiophenol (3) ergab den Thioether4, der zur entsprechenden Carbonsäure5 hydrolysiert wurde. Die versuchte Cyclisierung von5 zu6 ergab das Decarboxylierungsprodukt7. Andererseits ergab die Reaktion von 2-Acetamido-5-bromthiazol (9) mit Thiosalizylsäure (10) den Thioether11, der zu Verbindung12 cyclisiert werden konnte. Saure Hydrolyse von12 ergab das Aminoderivat13, das mit geeigneten Alkylhalogeniden unter Verwendung von Natriumhydrid zu den Verbindungen14–18 führte.

     

Synthesis of Pyrano‐ and Pyrido‐Anellated Pyranosides as Precursors for Nucleoside Analogues

The push‐pull activated methyl (3Z)‐4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐3‐[(methylthio)methylene]‐3‐deoxy‐α‐D‐erythro‐hexopyranosid‐2‐ulose (1) reacted with dialkyl malonate in the presence of potassium carbonate to give the alkyl (2R,4aR,6S,10bS)‐4a,6,8,10b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐8‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐pyrano[3′,2′:4,5]pyrano[3,2‐d][1,3]dioxine‐9‐carboxylates 2 and 3. Treatment of 1 with 3‐oxo‐N‐phenyl‐butyramide, N‐(4‐methoxy‐phenyl)‐3‐oxo‐butyramide, and 3‐oxo‐N‐o‐tolyl‐butyramide, respectively, in the presence of potassium carbonate and 18‐crown‐6 yielded the (2R,4aR,6S,10bS)‐9‐acetyl‐7‐aryl‐4,4a,7,10b‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐2‐phenyl[1,3]dioxino‐[4′,5′:5,6]pyrano[3,4‐b]pyridin‐8(6H)‐ones 4–6. (2R,4aR,6S,10bS)‐4,4a,8,10b‐Tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐8‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐pyrano[3′,2′:4,5]pyrano[3,2‐d][1,3]dioxine‐9‐carboxamide (7) was prepared by anellation reactions of 1 either with malononitrile or with cyanoacetamide.     

The Synthesis of Some Pyrazolyl- and Thiazolylthienopyridines

2-acetyl-3-amino-4,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine 1 reacted with dimethoxy-tetrahydrofuran in acetic acid and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of ammonium acetate or with NaNO₂ in the presence of an AcOH/HCl mixture to produce 2–4. Compound 2 reacted with aromatic aldehydes, semicarbazide hydrochloride, thiosemicarbazide, and phenyl hydrazine or with hydrazine hydrate to give compounds 5a–c and 11a–d, respectively.

Chalcone 5 reacted with hydrazines, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, or thiourea to produce compounds 6–9. Thiosemicarbazone 11b reacted with α -haloester to produce the corresponding thiazolidinone derivatives 12a, b ; also it reacted with ω -bromoacetophenone to give thiazoline derivatives 13a, b .     

Synthesis,reactions, and antioxidant activity of 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-4,6-dimethyl selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives

Ethyl 4,6-dimethyl-3-(pyrrol-1-yl) selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (2) was synthesized by the reaction of previously prepared ethyl 3-amino-4,6-dimethyl selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1) with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in acetic acid. The pyrrolyl ester (2) was converted into the corresponding carbohydrazide 3 which reacted with acetyl acetone, aromatic aldehydes, carbon disulfide in pyridine, and sodium nitrite to afford the corresponding dimethyl pyrazolyl 4, arylidene carbohydrazides 5a–d, oxadiazolyl thiole 6, and caboazide compound 8, respectively. The carboazide 8 reacted with different alcohols and amines to give the corresponding carbamates 9a–c and the aryl urea derivatives 10a–d. Heating of carboazide 8 in dry xylene afforded the pyridoselenolo-pyrrolopyrazinone 11. The latter compound was used as a versatile starting precursor for synthesis of other pyridoselenolo-pyrrolopyrazine compounds. The newly synthesized compounds and their derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopy (IR, ¹H-NMR, and mass spectra). Some of the newly synthesized pyrrolyl selenolopyridine compounds showed remarkable antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid.     

Concerning the reaction of 2-(10-diazo-10H-anthracen-9-ylidene)-malonodinitrile and related compounds with the cryptohydride system formic acid-triethylamine

Summary The reaction of 2-(10-diazo-10H-anthracen-9-ylidene)-malonodinitrile (1) with the cryptohydride system formic acid - triethylamine was studied. The reaction product turned out to be anthracen-9-yl-acetonitrile (2a) instead of the expected 10-dicyanomethyl-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-9-yl formate. Compounds related to1 yielded in this reaction the corresponding 10-substituted anthracen-9-yl-acetonitriles. A mechanism of this reaction is proposed. The product of the formic acid promoted decomposition of1, compound3b, as well as its tautomer4b were also obtained.

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Zur Reaktion von 2-(10-Diazo-10H-anthracen-9-yliden)-malodinitril und Verwandten Verbindungen mit dem Kryptohydridsystem Ameisensäure - Triethylamin

Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion von 2-(10-Diazo-10H-anthracen-9-yliden)-malodinitril (1) mit dem Kryptohydridsystem Ameisensäure — Triethylamin wurde untersucht. Das Umsetzungsprodukt stellte sich als Anthracen-9-yl-acetonitril (2a) und nicht als erwartetes 10-Dicyanomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-yl-format heraus. Verwandte Verbindungen reagierten in dieser Reaktion zu 10-substituierten Anthracen-9-yl-acetonitrilen. Ein Mechanismus für diese Reaktion wird vorschlagen. Das Produkt der durch Ameisensäure initiierten Zersetzung von1, Verbindung3b, wie auch sein Tautomer4b, wurden ebenfalls dargestellt.

     

Pyridine-2(1H)-thione in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of Some New Nicotinic Acid Ester,Thieno[2, 3-b]pyridine,Pyrido[3′, 2′: 4, 5]thieno [3, 2-d]pyrimidine,and Thiazolylpyrazolo[3, 4-b]pyridine Derivatives

Nicotinic acid esters 3a–c were prepared by the reaction of pyridine-2(1H)-thione derivative 1 with α-halo-reagents 2a–c. Compounds 3a–c underwent cyclization to the corresponding thieno[2, 3-b]pyridines 4a–c via boiling in ethanol/piperidine solution. Compounds 4a–c condensed with dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA) to afford 3-{[(N,N-dimethylamino)methylene]amino}thieno[2, 3-b]- pyridine derivatives 6a–c. Moreover, compounds 4a–c and 6a–c reacted with different reagents and afforded the pyrido[3′,2′:4, 5]thieno[3, 2-d]pyrimidine derivatives 10a–d, 11a–c, 12a,b, 14a,b, 17, and 19. In addition, pyrazolo[3, 4-b]pyridine derivative 20 (formed via the reaction of 1 with hydrazine hydrate) reacted with ethylisothiocyanate yielded the thiourea derivative 21. Compound 21 reacted with α-halocarbonyl compounds to give the 3-[(3H-thiazol-2-ylidene)amino]-1H-pyrazolo[3, 4-b]pyridine derivatives 23a–c, 25, and 27a,b.     

Synthetic Transformations of Higher Terpenoids: VIII. [4+2]-Cycloaddition Reactions of Lambertianic Acid

The Diels-Alder reaction of lambertianic acid with maleic anhydride occurred in a stereoselective fashion and yielded diastereoisomeric (1R,2S,6R,7R)- and (1S,2R,6S,7S)-exo-adducts. The latter reacted with L-valinol to give the corresponding diterpenoid imides, 4-aza-9-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]dec-8-enes. Reactions of lambertianic acid with N-substituted maleimides in the presence of Lewis acids afforded diastereoisomeric adducts having both exo and endo configuration. Some transformations of the adducts were examined with a view to obtain cantharidin and dihydroisoindole analogs.