Thermally stimulated luminescence properties of BaY 2 F 8 :Ce Crystals

Wavelength resolved thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) measurements were performed on BaY 2 F 8 :1.8 v mol% Ce crystals after X-ray irradiation at 10 v K and at 300 v K, in order to obtain preliminary information about both trap levels and recombination centres. After irradiation at 10 v K, the TSL glow curve shows the presence of a strong peak at 50 v K, together with additional structures at approximately 20 and 170 v K. The TSL spectrum is dominated by the characteristic doublet emission due to transitions from the lowest energy level of the 5d configuration to the spin-orbit split 2 F ground state of Ce 3+ . Above RT, the glow curve exhibits a peak at 60 v C, whose spectrum is again dominated by Ce 3+ emission. The TSL emission is in accordance with radio-luminescence (RL) spectra performed in the 10-300 v K region. Moreover, RL spectra at temperatures lower than 200 v K display an additional weak high energy band at around 4.5 v eV assigned to host lattice transitions.     

Thermoluminescence of nominally pure KTaO 3 crystals

After an exposure to ultraviolet light ( u <350 v nm) at 12 v K, weak thermoluminescence of nominally pure KTaO 3 crystals was observed within the temperature region from 13 to 65 v K for the first time. An analysis of the glow curves of integral thermoluminescence revealed five glow peaks with markedly sample-dependent intensities. Three glow peaks near 26, 31, and 58 v K at the heating rate of 0.155 v K/s correspond to thermoluminescence spectrally very similar to broad-band visible photoluminescence. The glow peaks near 26 and 31 v K were assigned to the electron release from photoinduced Ta 4+ -OH m and Ta 4+ - V O centers and the glow peak near 58 v K to the hole release from photoinduced O m centers. The glow peaks near 34 and 41 v K are connected with the structureless emission band peaking near 714 v nm at 15 v K that was observed in the emission spectra of KTaO 3 crystals for the first time.     

Optical properties and laser potential of dysprosium doped YAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 (YAB) crystal

The absorption and emission spectra were measured at 5 and 300 v K. The positions of the selected Dy 3+ levels and their Stark components, determined from optical spectra at 5K, are presented. In this work an attempt is made to assess the potential of dysprosium doped YAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal as a laser active material operating near 570 v nm. The emission cross-section of a potential laser line at 570 v nm connected with 4 F 9/2 M 6 H 13/2 transition was estimated.     

Charge states of the activator and size effects in BaF2: Eu nanophosphors

ABSTRACT

According to the spectra of stationary X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) of BaF₂: Eu nanophosphors at 80 and 294 K, it was revealed that the thermal annealing of fine-grained nanoparticles (d?=?35?nm) in the range of 400–1000°C, which is accompanied by an increase of their sizes in the range of 58–120?nm, does not result in effective changes of the charge state of Eu^{3 +} → Eu^{2 +} activator, in contrast to CaF₂: Eu nanoparticles. The maximum light output of X-ray excited luminescence of BaF₂: Eu nanophosphors in the 590?nm emission band of Eu³⁺ ion was observed at an annealing temperature of 600°C with the average size of nanoparticles 67?nm. The subsequent growth of annealing temperatures, especially in the range of 800–1000°C, causes decrease in the light output of X-ray excited luminescence due to the increase of defect concentration in the lattice as a result of sharp increase of nanoparticle sizes and their agglomeration. In BaF₂: Eu nanoparticles of 58?nm size, according to the thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) spectrum, transformation of Eu³⁺ → Eu²⁺ under the influence of long-time X-ray irradiation was revealed for the peak of 151?K. Thus, X-ray excited luminescence spectra of BaF₂: Eu nanophosphors are formed predominantly due to the emission of Eu³⁺ ions, while emission of Eu²⁺ ions is observed in the TSL spectra.     

Radiation effects in KMgF 3 crystals

Effects of x, g and UV irradiation on Tb 3+ and Eu 2+ doped KMgF 3 crystals were studied. Thermoluminescence (TL) excited by VUV radiation was compared to that induced by x and g rays. TL excitation spectra showed maxima at 125, 140, 155 and 180 v nm. The main TL peaks appeared after VUV irradiation at about the same temperatures and with the same thermal activation energies as after x or g irradiation, indicating that these peaks are due to the same trapping levels. In samples, which had previously been exposed to ionizing radiation, TL could also be excited with longer wavelengths that could not excite any TL in un-irradiated crystals; this is attributed to a process of phototransfer (PTTL). The x and UV excited luminescence was measured at LNT and RT and showed essentially the same main emission bands that appeared in the TL and PTTL peaks of these crystals. The dose dependence of the 730 v K TL peak in of KMgF 3 :Eu 2+ was linear up to about 2000 v Gy. The TL sensitivity of KMgF 3 :Eu 2+ was by an order of magnitude higher than that of KMgF 3 :Tb 3+ , which was by a factor of two greater than that of the known TLD-l00 phosphor.     

退火对He注入及随后208Pb27+辐照的Al2O3单晶PL谱的影响

利用高能离子研究了110 keV 的He⁺注入Al₂O₃单晶及随后230 MeV的²⁰⁸Pb²⁷⁺辐照并在不同温度条件下退火样品的光致发光的特性. 从测试结果可以清楚地看到在375 nm，390 nm，413 nm 和450 nm 出现了强烈的发光峰. 经过600 K退火2 h后测试结果显示，390 nm发光峰增强剧烈，而别的发光峰显示不明显. 在900 K退火条件下，390 nm的发光峰开始减弱相反在510 nm出现了较强的发光峰，到1100 K退火完毕后390 nm的发光峰完全消失，而510 nm的发光峰相对增强. 从辐照样品的FTIR谱中看到，波数在460—510 cm^-1间的吸收是振动模式，经过离子辐照后，吸收带展宽，随着辐照量的增大，Al₂O₃振动吸收峰消失，说明Al₂O₃振动模式被完全破坏. 1000—1300 cm^-1之间为Al-O-Al桥氧的伸缩振动模式，辐照后吸收带向高波数方向移动. 退火后的FTIR谱变化不大.     

Synthesis and optical properties of Er and Eu doped SrAl2O4 phosphor ceramic

We report, for the first time on luminescence from a Er³⁺ doped SrAl₂O₄ phosphor. Effects of Eu³⁺ doping were also studied. The influence of rare-earth doping in crystal structure and its optical properties were analysed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, optical absorption, excitation and emission (PL) spectroscopy, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Luminescence spectra and luminescence decay curves for Er³⁺ transitions in the near infrared region were recorded. The PL maximum for Eu doped SrAl₂O₄ is obtained at 620 nm and corresponds to the orange region of the spectrum. Diffraction patterns reveal a dominant phase, characteristic of the monoclinic SrAl₂O₄ compound and the presence of dopants has no effect on the basic crystal structure of SrAl₂O₄. The shapes of the glow curves are different for each dopant irradiated with either a ⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y beta source, or UV light at 311 nm, and in detail the TL signals differ somewhat between Er and Eu dopants.     

Defect states in Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce crystals

Wavelength-resolved TSL measurements after x-ray irradiation at room temperature were performed on undoped, Ce- and (Ce, Zr)-doped Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 crystals. Several glow peaks were observed in the 20-450 v C temperature region, whose intensities and emission spectra are influenced by doping. Namely, the TSL spectra are governed by defect and trace impurity-related emissions in the undoped crystal, while only the Ce 3+ emission is detected in the doped crystals. Moreover, EPR measurements performed at 12 v K revealed typical spectra of Ce 3+ (4f 1 , S =1/2) occupying Lu 3+ substitutional positions. In situ light irradiation (250-330 v nm) of the crystals results in a step-like decrease of the Ce 3+ EPR intensity. Such a behaviour can reflect a creation of Ce 4+ ions under UV irradiation or an increase of the Ce 3+ population in the excited (5d) state.     

NaGd(WO 4)2∶Yb^3+,Ho^3+,Cr^3+微米晶的上转换发光与温度特性

采用水热法制备了NaGd(WO4)2(NGW)∶Yb^3+,Ho^3+,Cr^3+微米晶。研究了Cr^3+离子掺杂浓度对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、上转换发光及温度传感特性的影响。在980 nm激光激发下,所有样品均发射以546 nm为中心的较弱绿光和以660 nm为中心的强红光,分别对应于Ho^3+离子的5F4,5S2→5I8和5F5→5I8能级跃迁。随Cr^3+离子掺杂量增加,绿光发射峰强度逐渐减弱,而红光发射先增大后减小,在10%时达到最大,样品色坐标逐渐向红色区域偏移。样品的变温光谱表明,NGW∶Yb^3+,Ho^3+,10%Cr^3+微米晶具有很好的温度特性,其测温灵敏度在486 K时达到最大,约为0.0337 K^-1,比NGW∶Yb^3+,Ho^3+的灵敏度提高近1倍。     

闪烁晶体的发光研究进展

概述了近年来闪烁体发光研究的进展,主要介绍用于未来高能物理实验的新型闪烁体发光机理研究,选取我们在研BaF₂,BaF₂:RE,CeF₃以及PbWO₄中的一些新进展。重点谈及三点:(1)在BaF₂的“价带^→芯带”跃迁发光研究基础上进行稀土(Gd³⁺-Eu³⁺)掺杂时观察到的量子剪裁以及对多光子发光的新思考;(2)CeF₃晶体发光的级联能量传递中,Ce³⁺(290nm发射带)与缺陷发光中心(340nm发射带)间能量传递及其传递效率的温度依赖;(3)PbWO₄晶体的发光中心研究中,提出以“WO₄^-2+O_i”绿光中心替代“WO³+F”中心观点的依据。同时也简介了医用闪烁体的最新进展。     

掺Yb3+激光玻璃光谱特性研究

采用高温熔融工艺制备了Yb3 掺杂激光玻璃.测试了玻璃的吸收光谱和发射光谱,计算了Yb3 的积分吸收截面和受激发射截面及荧光寿命等参数.玻璃光谱曲线表明:吸收主峰位于975.35 nm,在900～962 nm范围内有一较为弥散的吸收次峰,中心波长为939.17nm;荧光主峰位于977.15 nm,荧光次峰位于997.42 m;随着样品厚度的增加,荧光次峰强度和荧光主峰强度在增大,荧光次峰波长和荧光主峰波长向长波方向移动;荧光有效线宽从34.64 nm增大到54.50 nm;荧光寿命由1.04 ms减小为1.00 ms.     

Ce3+和Tb3+, Eu3+在六方NaLnF4(Ln=La,Gd或Y)中的发光和能量传递

本文报道Ce3+掺杂和Ce3+—Tb3+、Ce3+—Eu3+共掺杂的六方NaLnF4(Ln=La,Gd或Y)发光体的研究结果:氟配位环境使Ce3+在300nm附近发射并有很低的猝灭浓度;阳离子缺陷发光中心可能形成于NaGdF4基质中并被Ce3+—Gd3+共同敏化;Ce3+的发光可以因Tb3+掺杂而增强,反过来Ce3+亦会使Tb3+的5D3/5D4发射强度比减小;Ce3+含量增加使Eu3+的5D2/5D1及5D2/5D0发射强度比减小,这与Ce3+的2F5/2→2F7/2跃迁和Eu3+的5D2→D1跃迁能级差匹配而产生共振能量传递有关。     

Effect of temperature on the luminescence processes of SrAl2O4:Eu

The UV excited and persistent luminescence properties as well as thermoluminescence (TL) of Eu²⁺ doped strontium aluminates, SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺ were studied at different temperatures. Two luminescence bands peaking at 445 and 520 nm were observed at 20 K but only the latter at 295 K. Both Sr-sites in the lattice are thus occupied by Eu²⁺ but at room temperature efficient energy transfer occurs between the two sites. The UV excited and persistent luminescence spectra were similar at 295 K but the excitation spectra were different. Thus the luminescent centre is the same in both phenomena but excitation processes are different. Two TL peaks were observed between 50 and 250 °C in the glow curve. Multiple traps were, however, observed by preheating and initial rise methods. With longer delay times only the high temperature TL peak was observed. The persistent luminescence is mainly due to slow fading of the low temperature TL peak but the step-wise feeding process from high temperature traps is also probable.     

Photoluminescence properties of thenardite activated with Eu

Na₂SO₄:Eu phosphors were prepared by heating pure natural thenardite with EuF₃ at 900 °C for 20 min in air. The photoluminescence (PL) and excitation spectra of as-prepared and γ-ray-irradiated phosphors were observed at 300 K. The PL spectrum under 394 nm excitation consisted of strong narrow bands with peaks at 579, 592, 616, 652, 697 and 741 nm, assigned to the ⁵D₀→⁷F_J (J=0, 1, 2, …, 5) transitions, respectively, within Eu³⁺. The PL spectrum under 340 nm excitation consisted of a broad Eu²⁺ band with a peak at 435 nm. The excitation spectrum obtained by monitoring the violet luminescence consisted of a weak band with a peak at approximately 261 nm and a broad Eu²⁺ band with a peak at approximately 338 nm. The relative efficiency of the violet luminescence of the γ-ray-irradiated phosphor at the exposure of 46 kGy increased up to 3.0 times that of the unirradiated phosphor. The enhancement of violet luminescence by γ-ray irradiation was ascribed to the conversion of Eu³⁺ to Eu²⁺ in Na₂SO₄.     

伽马辐照对掺铒光纤性能影响的研究

为了推进掺铒光纤抗辐射性能的研究,全面掌握掺铒光纤性能在辐照条件下的变化规律。基于色心模型对掺铒光纤的辐照作用机理进行了分析,并据此对掺铒光纤在辐照中的性能变化趋势进行了预测推断。然后根据掺铒光纤的工作原理和应用特性,在伽马辐照条件下对两种不同型号(EDF-L-980和MP980)掺铒光纤的980 nm波段损耗谱、1 530 nm波段损耗谱以及发射光谱的特性进行了在线实时监测,并在辐照停止后进行了恢复测量。研究表明,在辐照中两种掺铒光纤的性能变化趋势一致。在损耗谱方面,980 nm波段和1 530 nm波段的损耗随辐照单调增加,980 nm吸收峰与1 530 nm吸收峰处的损耗与辐照剂量呈近似线性关系;在发射光谱方面,发射光谱强度随辐照单调降低,光谱能量向长波方向转移,平均波长和光谱带宽大幅增加,1 530 nm发射峰处的发光强度与辐照剂量也呈近似线性关系。辐照停止后,掺铒光纤体现出了一定的恢复能力,但是各项参数的恢复均不到40%。各项实验结果与理论模型和分析预测匹配良好,证明了辐照对掺铒光纤性能影响理论解释的合理性。     

Optical spectroscopy of Ce 3+ ions in BaY 2 F 8 single crystals

In the present work we report on the spectroscopic properties of the Ce 3+ ion in BaY 2 F 8 single crystals. The absorption and excitation spectra of the emission centered at 340 v nm have been measured in the temperature range 15-300 v K. The 340 v nm emission consists of two broad partially overlapping bands, peaking at 324 and 347 v nm (at 15 v K), respectively. The full width at half maximum is about 0.5 v eV at room temperature. The absorption spectrum of the lowest in energy component of the f M d transition of Ce 3+ reveals at low temperature a marked vibronic structure. High resolution (0.02 v cm m 1 ) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the wave number range 500-5000 v cm m 1 and in the temperature range 9-300 v K has been exploited to monitor the f level splitting. The absorption transitions from the three Stark components of the 2 F 5/2 manifold to the four of the 2 F 7/2 one, have been monitored in the wave number range 2000-3400 v cm m 1 . The wave number separation at 9 v K between the lowest level of the ground 2 F 5/2 manifold and lowest one of the 2 F 7/2 manifold is found to be 2197.47 v cm m 1 in good agreement with the splitting detected between the two components of the d M f emission.     

Photoluminescence of an Yb3+/Al3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre

An Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is prepared based on photonic crystal fibre technology.The characteristic spectra of preforms and fibres are experimentally investigated.The results show that under a 971 nm excitation,besides the known infrared fluorescence luminescence around 1050 nm,a blue luminescence peak at 486 nm is obtained.Moreover,an unexpected emission peak at 730 nm is also observed.The photoluminescence mechanism of an Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is discussed.The emission peak at 486 nm is attributed to the cooperative upconversion resulting from pairs of Yb 3+ ions,and the emission peak around 730 nm is ascribed to the stimulated Raman scattering because of nonlinear effects of microstructured optical fibre.The Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is promising for varieties of applications from laser printing and optical recording to cancer treatments,such as photodynamic therapy.     

Luminescence property studies of α-Al2O3 by means of nanosecond time-resolved VUV spectroscopy

The luminescence spectra of corundum monocrystals grown by different methods are investigated by means of a time-resolved spectroscopy method at temperatures 90 K and 300 K. The existence of fast and slow emission in the VUV luminescence spectra of irradiated and nonirradiated crystals was observed. We observed luminescence bands with a maximum at 326 nm produced by F ⁺ centers. A new type of fast luminescence at the band of 270 nm was found. This is known as cross-luminescence and is connected with the recombination of valence band electrons with the holes in the low ground band. It was shown that the band of 410 nm isn't due to to anionic centers (F-centers), but is determined by the short lifetime center of emission (F ^- -centers). Received 20 October 1998 and Received in final form 20 January 1999     

惰性离子(La3+,Y3+,Gd3+)对配合物苯乙酮酸邻菲咯啉铕荧光性能的影响

以苯乙酮酸和邻菲咯啉为配体,不同摩尔比铕和惰性离子(La3 ,Y3 ,Gd3 )为中心离子,合成了系列配合物EuxRE1-xL3phen(RE=La,Y,Gd),测定了其荧光激发光谱和荧光发射光谱,研究了惰性离子(La3 ,Y3 ,Gd3 )对Eu3 荧光性能的影响.结果表明,配合物激发光谱相似,均在350～360 nm范围内出现最大激发,属于配体的吸收峰,在398 nm附近出现弱的激发为Eu3 的吸收峰;系列配合物荧光发射光谱相似,均显示Eu3 离子的特征发射光谱,位于583,595,617,654,703 nm附近出现5组强度不同的发射峰,分别归属为Eu3 的5D0-7F0,5D0-7F1,5D0-7F2,5D0-7F3,5D0-7F4能级跃迁.发射光谱表明,系列配合物中La3 离子对Eu3 的荧光发射峰峰位影响最大,EuxLa1-xL3phen中La3 的摩尔分数为0.7时,Eu3 的5D0-7F2跃迁可改变5.2 nm,而Y3 和Gd3 对Eu3 的荧光发射峰峰位影响较弱,配合物EuxY1-xL3phen和EuxGd1-xL3phen中Eu3 的荧光发射峰位变化较小,最大时仅改变2 nm;发射光谱强度表明,La3 对Eu3 的荧光发射影响最大,EuxLa1-xL3phen中La3 含量为0.7时,可使其相对荧光强度增大2倍以上,对其具有很好的敏化作用.这对人们寻找发光性能好、价格便宜的发光材料提供了理论依据.     

Spectroscopy of defects in irradiated alpo 4 and GaPO 4 crystals

The time-resolved luminescence spectra in energy region of 2.0-6.0 v eV, as well as the excitation spectra (4-35 v eV), reflectivity and the decay kinetics were studied at T =10 v K and 295 v K using selective vacuum ultraviolet excitation in nominally pure crystals as well as crystals with intrinsic defects and radiation defects induced by fast electrons.