Chemical composition of the essential oil of Croton gossypiifolius from Venezuela

The essential oil from leaves of Croton gossypiifolius Vahl. (Euphorbiaceae) was obtained by hydrodistillation, and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The constituents were identified by their mass spectra and Kovats' indices. Fifty-one compounds accounting for 92% of the oil were detected, and 47 of them were identified. The oil was dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenes with the major presence of alpha-cedrene oxide (18.6%), spathulenol (16.3%), valencene (5.8%), geranyl-pentanoate (5.3%), alpha-cadinol (4.0%), germacrene D (3.5%) and longifolene (3.3%).     

Chemical composition of the essential oil ofArtemisia glabella

The results are given of the gas-chromatographic analysis in a nonpolar capillary column, after preliminary separation by means of adsorption chromatography on alumina, of samples of the essential oils of three populations of the endemic speciesArtemisia glabella Kar. et Kir. (Asteraceae) of Kazakhstan. The complex component composition of the samples of essential oils was practically independent of the conditions of the growth site. The results obtained witness a chemosystematic difference betweenA. glabella andA. obtusiloba.Institute of Phytochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Karaganda, fax (3212) 433144, e-mail: arglabin@phyto.karaganda.su. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 193–196, March–April, 1999.     

In vitro antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of Santolina chamaecyparissus essential oil from Algeria

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Santolina chamaecyparissus L., growing in Algeria, was investigated by GC-MS analyses. A total of 36 compounds were identified, accounting for 91.7% of the essential oil obtained. Camphor (31.1%) and cubenol (17.0%) were the predominant compounds. The potential of the antimicrobial activity was also investigated and the tested sample proved to be very active against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans (34.1 +/- 0.02 mm and 35.0 +/- 0.01 mm, respectively). Transverse sections of the leaf and stem of the plant suggest that the essential oil is localized in endogenous and exogenous sites.     

Chemical composition of the resin essential oil of Canarium album from Vietnam

The composition of the essential oil obtained from the resin of Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch, Burseraceae, growing in Vietnam, was studied by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-nine compounds representing 95.2% of the oil were identified. Monoterpenoids made up 93.2% of the oil, with β-pinene (33.3%), α-terpinene (19.4%), γ-terpinene (14.1%), and terpinen-4-ol (11.9%) as the main components. Sesquiterpenoids made up 2.0% of the oil, and the content of each individual was below 0.5% of the oil. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 421–422, September–October, 2006.     

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia scoparia

Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 142–143, January–February, 1992.     

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Pituranthos scoparius

The essential oils obtained by hydro distillation of the aerial parts of Pituranthos scoparius were collected from different regions of Algeria and gave various yields ranging from 0.6 up to 2.8% (v/w). These samples were analyzed by GC and GC-MS showing the occurrence of monoterpene hydrocarbons and some oxygenated compounds. The major components were alpha-pinene (4.4-35.8%), limonene (0.8-66.5%), bornyl acetate (tr-9.6%), myristicin (tr-31.1) and dill apiole (0.4-47.3%). The aerial parts of P. scoparius could be either very rich or very poor in limonene, myristicin or dill apiole. Cluster analysis shows differences in essential oil compositions of samples coming from the different area collected.     

Chemical composition of the essential oil from Carramboa littlei (Asteraceae)

The essential oil from the leaves of Carramboa littlei Aristeg. was isolated by hydrodistillation yielding 0.09%, w/v. The chemical composition was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS. Sixteen components were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with Wiley and NIST library data. The major constituents of the oil were germacrene-D (50.0%), bicyclogermacrene (4.8%) and ent-kaur-16-en-19-al (21.8%).     

Chemical composition of essential oil from Jordanian Lupinus varius L.

The chemical composition of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from flowering shoots of Lupinus varius L. was analyzed by GC–FID and GC–MS. Chemical analysis of this oil showed that it includes a complex mixture of aldehydes, alcohols, esters and mono- and sesquiterpenes. Forty one compounds were characterized in the oil. The major components of the oil were 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (20.5%), pentadecanal (10.2%), (E) nerolidol (8.43%), carracol ethyl ether (4.3%), α-humulene (3.6%), (2Z,13E)-ocatadeca-2,13-dien-l0-ol (3.2%) and caryophyllene-5-ol (2.7%).     

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil from Salvia mukerjeei

The composition of steam volatile oil from aerial parts of Salvia mukerjeei Bennet & Raizada (Lamiaceae) was analyzed by capillary GC and GC-MS. The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (67.3%). Among 71 identified constituents representing 91.7% of the oil, beta-caryophyllene (28.7%), gamma-muurolene (15.5%) and dehydro-aromadendrane (9.5%), were the principal constituents. The oil was tested against ten bacterial strains and was active against Enterococcus faecalis, Erwinia chrysanthemi and Agrobacterium tumefaciens.     

Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from Nandina domestica fruits

The chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from Nandina domestica fruits were studied for the first time. Twenty-two compounds, representing 82.79% of the oil, were identified from the oil. The major compounds were 3-hexen-1-ol (12.9%), linalool (12.3%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (9.9%), oleic acid (8.0%), furfural (5.8%) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (5.7%). The antioxidant activities of the oil were evaluated using reducing power, metal chelating ability and scavenging capacity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) and superoxide anion free radical. The oil exhibited significant antioxidant activities.     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Ambrosia trifida L

The essential oil obtained by steam distillation of dried aerial parts of Ambrosia trifida L. from Northeast China was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil yield based on dried plant material was 0.12% and thirty-five compounds (corresponding to 86.7% of the total weight) were identified. The main components were: bornyl acetate (15.5%), borneol (8.5%), caryophyllene oxide (8.3%), alpha-pinene (8.0%), germacrene D (6.3%), beta-caryophyllene (4.6%), trans-carveol (2.9%), beta-myrcene (2.6%), camphor (2.4%) and limonene (3.2%). A. trifida essential oil demonstrated bactericidal and fungicidal activity against six bacterial strains and two fungal strains, using the agar diffusion method.