短裸甲藻毒素(Brevetoxins)的电子结构与构效关系研究

对短裸甲藻毒素衍生物进行了电子结构研究和构象分析,确定了它们的活性部位,探讨了作用方式,讨论了它们的结构-活性关系及受体的相互作用,解释了衍生物之间活性差异的原因。研究结果表明,分子骨架中段环上的烯键,A环及R烯键对活性有重要影响,分子骨架的折曲程度对活性也有较大影响。     

具有植物激素活性的Schiff碱化合物的研究(Ⅲ)——噻二唑类Schiff碱的合成及其生物活性

含杂环的Schiff碱类化合物具有很高的植物生长激素的活性[1],近十几年来受到化学家的重视.前文[2]已报道了三唑类Schiff碱的合成及其生物活性.已发现含噻二唑环的化合物具有高的生物活性,1,3,4-噻二唑的衍生物可以作为杀菌剂、除草剂和植物生长调节剂[3～6],连有巯基(-SH)的噻二唑的席夫碱目前还未见报道.我们将2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑与芳醛或杂环醛作用,合成了12个新的Schiff碱化合物,发现其中一些化合物具有明显的植物激素活性,合成的反应式为:     

The Synthesis and Herbicidal Evaluation of Fluorine-Containing Phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonate Derivatives

To investigate the influence of a fluorine moiety on the biological activity of phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonates, a series of fluorine-containing phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonates were synthesized and screened for herbicidal activity in a greenhouse. The majority of the title compounds showed better preemergence activity than postemergence activity against the test plants, especially on monocotyledon. Compound 5l exhibited notable activity. Results showed that by introducing a fluorine moiety to the parent structure of phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonates, a series of new compounds with satisfactory herbicidal activity could be synthesized. A reasonable combination of a fluorine moiety and other substituents on the benzene ring had a great influence on the herbicidal activity.     

固定化Methylomonas Z201细胞：甲烷单加氧酶的活性和稳定性

分别以海藻酸钙和砂子为载体，采用包埋和吸附技术固定化ＭｅｔｈｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓＺ２０１细胞．以丙烯环氧化为指标反应，系统研究固定化对ＭｅｔｈｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓＺ２０１细胞ＭＭＯ活性和稳定性的影响．结果表明，对包埋细胞，合适的负载量和粒径为保留较高ＭＭＯ活性所必需．砂子对细胞的吸附能力中等．外源性电子给体甲酸钠对游离和固定化细胞的ＭＭＯ活性影响不同．固定化细胞的最适ｐＨ值和温度与游离细胞相同，但活化能降低．固定化细胞保留游离细胞ＭＭＯ活性的６０—７０％，操作稳定性、热稳定性、贮存稳定性均有所提高．     

高硒情况下维生素E对幼龄大鼠抗氧化作用的研究

研究了高Se或高维生系E下,幼龄大鼠体内抗氧化活性的变化以及高Se下,维生素E对其体内抗氧化水平的影响。将三月龄Wistar大鼠32只随机分成4组：正常饲料组、高Se高维生素E饲料组、高Se饲料组和高维生素E饲料组。饲至十周末,处死大鼠,按试剂盒要求分别取其血液、心、肝、肾制成标本测SOD、CAT活性及MDA、GSH含量。结果表明,高Se或高维生素E下饲养下的大鼠与对照组比较,血液中SOD活性明显下降;维生素E能明显抑制高Se大鼠血液中SOD活性的下降。结论：单独高Se或高维生素E会降低幼龄大鼠的抗氧化活性,而维生素E能明显提高高Se下幼龄大鼠体内抗氧化活性。     

Study on catalytic oxidation of planar binuclear copper phthalocyanine on 2-mercaptoethanol

Mononuclear copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and binuclear copper phthalocyanine (Cu2Pc2) were synthesized by the phenylanhydride-urea route, and their catalytic oxidation activity on 2-mercaptoethanol was studied. Based on the experimental results, a catalytic mechanism of Cu2Pc2 on 2-mercaptoethanol has been proposed. Furthermore, the effects of pH, Cu2Pc2 concentration, and temperature on the catalytic oxidation activity were evaluated. The results showed that CuPc has no catalytic activity, while Cu2Pc2 has high catalytic oxidation activity towards 2-mercaptoethanol with the optimal activity at pH 11. The reaction can further be enhanced by increasing Cu2Pc2 concentration and temperature, due to its endothermic characteristics.     

新型5-脂肪基-1,2,4-三唑曼尼希碱的合成及生物活性

设计并合成了22个具有长脂肪链取代的新型三唑曼尼希碱,研究了其植物生长调节活性、除草活性和对细胞周期分裂蛋白25B(CDC25B)抑制活性,结果发现,多数目标分子表现出优良的促进细胞生长素活性和除草活性,表明该类分子有望成为优良的新型农药;对CDC25B抑制活性筛选发现一种曼尼希碱具有优良的CDC25B抑制活性,其IC₅₀值低于阳性参照物正钒酸钠,有望成为肿瘤治疗的药物先导物。     

铂微粒修饰的聚苯胺薄膜电极对甲醛氧化的电催化作用

以电位扫描法把铂微粒沉积在聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）薄膜是上以制得铂微粒修饰的聚苯胺薄膜电极。该电极的催化活性以甲醛在０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硫酸溶液中的电化学氧化测定。它集催化活性和电活性于一体，对甲醛在酸性介质中的电化学氧化显示了非常高的电催化活性。较之裸铂电极，ＰＡｎ薄膜电极，其催化电流提高１０倍。铂微粒的大小，分布和载量，甲醛的浓度，基体金属的种类等因素对电极材料的催化活性均有影响。     

4-烷氧/苄氧基苯基四唑和1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物的合成及除草活性

以4-氰基苯酚为起始原料,在4-烷氧基/苄氧基苯甲脒结构基础上,设计合成了5个4-烷氧基/苄氧基苯基四唑及17个新型2-取代-5-(4-烷氧基/苄氧基)苯基噁二唑类化合物,通过元素分析、1H NMR和MS对所合成的新化合物进行了结构表征.初步除草活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对双子叶油菜和单子叶稗草表现出较好的生长抑制活性.     

Synthesis of a new class of furan-fused tetracyclic compounds using o-quinodimethane chemistry and investigation of their antiviral Activity

The synthesis and evaluation of antiviral activity of new furan-fused tetracyclic compounds are described. The syntheses were satisfactorily achieved on the basis of o-quinodimethane chemistry, using furan-containing benzocyclobutene derivatives as a substrate, in high generality and stereoselectivity. The various derivatives thus synthesized were examined on their inhibitory activity on virus growth using a hemagglutinin (HA) method, leading to a discovery of promising candidates for new antiviral drugs having high activity and good therapeutic index.     

Pd/ZnO和Ag/ZnO复合纳米粒子的制备、表征及光催化活性

 用焙烧前驱物碱式碳酸锌的方法制备了ZnO纳米粒子，采用光还原沉积贵金属的方法制备了Pd／ZnO和Ag／ZnO复合纳米粒子，并利用ICP，XRD，TEM和XPS等测试技术对样品进行了表征，初步探讨了贵金属在ZnO纳米粒子表面形成原子簇的原因．以光催化氧化气相正庚烷为模型反应，考察了样品的光催化活性以及贵金属沉积量对催化剂活性的影响．结果表明：沉积适量的贵金属，ZnO纳米粒子光催化剂的活性大幅度提高．同时，深入探讨了表面沉积贵金属的ZnO纳米粒子光催化剂活性有所提高的内在原因．     

4-烷氧/苄氧基苯基四唑和1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物的合成及除草活性

以4-氰基苯酚为起始原料, 在4-烷氧基/苄氧基苯甲脒结构基础上, 设计合成了5个4-烷氧基/苄氧基苯基四唑及17个新型2-取代-5-(4-烷氧基/苄氧基)苯基噁二唑类化合物, 通过元素分析、1H NMR和MS对所合成的新化合物进行了结构表征. 初步除草活性测试结果表明, 部分化合物对双子叶油菜和单子叶稗草表现出较好的生长抑制活性.     

Kinetic study of prolidase activity in erythrocytes against different substrates using capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection was used to explore the kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. The different effects of reaction conditions including the concentration of Mn(2+), incubation temperature and pH on prolidase (PLD, EC 3.4.13.9) activity in erythrocyte lysates against three different substrates, Gly-Pro, Val-Pro and Leu-Pro were investigated. Also, the effects of colchicine which can prevent or delay cancer of liver on the PLD activity were studied. For Gly-Pro and Leu-Pro, colchicine enhanced PLD activity, while for the other substrate Val-Pro, it had a slight inhibiting effect on prolidase activity. Kinetic study of colchicine on prolidase activity in erythrocytes indicated different effects for different substrates with the addition of colchicine. Compared with some other methods, CE coupled with electrochemiluminescence detection showed its merits of simplicity and efficiency on the bioanalysis.     

298.15K下果糖水溶液中卤化钠单个离子活度系数

利用离子选择性电极和甘汞电极分别测定了NaX+果糖+水体系中的单个离子活度系数和离子平均活度系数.结果表明:基于Debye-Hückel扩展方程和Pitzer方程求得的单个离子活度系数彼此一致;由单个离子加合求得的与直接测定的平均离子活度系数也很一致;随果糖含量的增大,单个离子活度系数减小;在相同混合溶剂(果糖+水)和相等电解质浓度条件下,对于不同的NaX,Na+的活度系数大小顺序为NaFNaClNaBr.基于离子间的相互作用对结果进行了讨论.     

纳升级反相液相色谱-串联质谱法分析锦灯笼提取物中的蛋白质

通过水提、酸沉法得到锦灯笼果实提取物,其中蛋白质含量为188 mg/g(以提取物干重计),共含有18种氨基酸,其中8种人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的31%。基于鸟枪法蛋白质组学的分析方法,用纳升级反相液相色谱-串联质谱(nano-RPLC-MS/MS)系统分析锦灯笼果实提取物中蛋白质的酶解产物,结合数据库检索,共鉴定得到60种蛋白质;通过生物信息学分析,得到锦灯笼提取物中的蛋白质具有催化活性、抗氧化活性、酶调节活性、养分贮液囊活性、运输活性、结合活性六大生物活性,其中鉴定到与抗氧化相关的蛋白质有3种,为锦灯笼中蛋白质的功能性质的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Effect of temperature, moisture, and carbon supplementation on lipase production by solid-state fermentation of soy cake by Penicillium simplicissimum

The production of lipases by Penicillium simplicissimum using solid-state fermentation and soy cake as substrate was investigated. The effects of temperature, cake moisture, and carbon supplementation on lipase production were studied using a two-level experimental plan. Moisture, pH, and lipase activity were followed during fermentation. Statistical analysis of the results was performed to evaluate the effect of the studied variables on the maximum lipase activity. Incubation temperature was the variable that most affected enzyme activity, showing a negative effect. Moisture and carbon supplementation presented a positive effect on activity. It was possible to obtain lipase activity as high as 21 U/g of dry cake in the studied range of process variables.     

Characterization of the NIST shellfish Standard Reference Material 4358

A new shellfish Standard Reference Material 4358 was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology through an international interlaboratory comparison that involved twelve laboratories-participants from nine countries. The results from the participants were statistically evaluated, and the most robust certified values were based on the median of laboratories’ reported means and the uncertainties derived using the bootstrap method. Massic activity certified values were established for fourteen radionuclides, five activity ratios, and informational massic activity values for eight more radionuclides and two activity ratios.     

pH对增强生物除磷系统酶活性的影响

通过比较不同pH值下增强生物除磷系统中关键酶活性的变化规律, 研究了酶活性与聚磷菌污泥产率系数及可溶性正磷酸盐(SOP)的关系. 结果表明, 在pH=6.4-7.6范围内, 脱氢酶、腺苷酸激酶和聚磷酸盐激酶的活性随着pH的增加而线性增加, 酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性不受pH的影响. 聚磷菌的产率系数与脱氢酶活性、厌氧释磷速率与腺苷酸激酶活性、好氧吸磷速率与聚磷酸盐激酶活性分别呈线性关系. 表明较高的pH有利于聚磷菌的生长和提高聚磷菌的活性, 从而提高了除磷效率.     

氧化铈形貌对Au/CeO2催化剂催化氧化CO反应活性的影响

采用水热合成法制备了形貌规则的纳米氧化铈颗粒,分别为棒状、立方体和多面体,通过溶胶沉积法将金颗粒沉积到不同形貌氧化铈表面制得了Au/CeO2催化剂.考察了催化剂载体的不同形貌对CO催化氧化反应活性的影响.实验结果表明,棒状(110 100)和多面体(111 100)氧化铈作为载体时的催化剂活性比立方体(100)作为载体时的活性高.在低温段,多面体氧化铈作为载体的催化剂表现出较高活性,而在高温范围,棒状氧化铈作为载体的催化剂的催化活性最好.     

Structure-activity studies of 3-benzoylpropionic acid derivatives suppressing adjuvant arthritis.

3-Benzoylpropionic acid derivatives possess an immunomodulative activity and suppress adjuvant arthritis. To understand how substituents affect the biological activity, the quantitative structure-activity relationships of 30 compounds were analyzed by the adaptive least-squares method. For the suppressing activity in rats, the electronic effects and the structural feature of the substituent on benzene ring were suggested to be important. To reinforce and confirm the correlation, 4 additional compounds of phenoxybutyric acid derivatives were synthesized and tested with the rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. These compounds were found to have potent suppressing activity.