高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定细菌群体感应效应的11种AHLs类信号分子

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法同时测定细菌群体感应分泌的11种AHLs类信号分子的分析方法.细菌所分泌AHLs类信号分子经乙酸乙酯萃取后简单处理,可直接进样分析.采用Sunfire C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 3.5 μm),甲醇与水(含2 mmoI/L乙酸铵,0.1% 甲酸 )梯度进样,采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式,多反应监测(MRM)模式,外标法进行质谱定量分析.分析时间为12 min.本方法在1～250 μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r＞0.996);检出限为0.1～1.0 μg/kg;定量限为0.3～3.0 μg/kg;平均添加回收率为54.4%～128.6%;相对标准偏差为3.5%～13.9%.本方法具有操作简便、快速、准确、灵敏度高等优点,适用于多种AHLs类信号分子化合物的同时定性与定量分析,为微生物群体感应的进一步研究提供了有效的且便利的分析方法.     

气相色谱-质谱法检测细菌中N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯类信号分子

建立了N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯类(N-acyl-homoserine lactones,AHLs)群体感应信号分子的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法,并优化了检测条件。在优化条件下,采用选择离子扫描模式(SIM)从细菌Pseud-oalteromonas sp.NJ6-3-1培养液中检测到3种AHLs(N-己基高丝氨酸内酯(C6-HSL)、N-辛基高丝氨酸内酯(C8-HSL)和N-十四基高丝氨酸内酯(C14-HSL))。与传统的薄层层析-生物传感器(TLC-biosensor)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)相比,该方法更加简单、高效,只需对培养液样品进行简单处理,即可定性检测样品中的AHLs分子。该方法为从复杂基质中检测和鉴定AHLs信号分子提供了有效手段。     

辣椒碱类似物的合成、结构及抗肿瘤活性

以自制或试剂级羧酸、酰氯为原料,通过酰氯化、胺基化反应,设计合成了15个含香兰素胺的酰胺结构的辣椒碱类似物。其结构经IR,MS,1HNMR表征,并用X射线单晶衍射测定了化合物W5和W11的晶体结构。体外抗肿瘤活性测试表明,该类化合物具有一定程度的抗肿瘤活性。化合物W1在100μg/ml时,对人宫颈癌细胞（HELA）、人肝癌细胞（SMMC-7721）、人口腔表皮癌细胞（KB）、人卵巢癌细胞（HO-8901）抑制率均达到90%以上。W13在100μg/ml时,对KB、HO-8901抑制率分别达到89.62%、90.36%。初步构效关系分析认为,含香兰素胺的酰胺结构片段为一活性基团。     

含氮含硫姜黄素类似物的微波合成及抗氧化活性研究

利用微波辐射合成含氮含硫的姜黄素类似物,比较了化合物的抗氧化能力。以苯甲醛与环戊酮或环己酮为原料,经克莱森-斯密特缩合反应,采用微波法合成中间化合物2,6-双苯亚甲基环己酮或2,5-双苯亚甲基环戊酮,中间体与尿素或硫脲经Biginelli反应合成目标化合物。利用DPPH法比较各化合物与姜黄素的抗氧化能力。合成了2个未见文献报道的新化合物(2b,2c),结构经IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和MS表征确证;增加含氮、含硫基团的衍生物,其抗氧化能力比姜黄素母核结构高。采用微波法合成含氮含硫的姜黄素类似物可显著提高产率,产率达83%,经24 h含氮、含硫化合物b的抗氧化能力与姜黄素相当,远比姜黄素母核强。     

甘蓝夜蛾信息素类似物的设计合成及初步活性研究

甘蓝夜蛾隶属鳞翅目夜蛾科,主要危害甘蓝、西兰花、萝卜等十字花科蔬菜。与传统的化学农药防治相比,昆虫信息素防治具有专一性强、灵敏度高、绿色环保、同时不会误伤天敌等优点。但天然信息素易降解、持效期短,长期单一使用会诱导昆虫产生抗性等问题。针对这些问题,本文设计并合成了4种结构新颖的信息素类似物:反-11-十六碳烯-3-氯丙酸酯(G1)、反-11-十六碳烯-2-溴丙酸酯(G2)、11,12-二氟十六烷基-1-醇(G3)、11,12-二氟十六烷基乙酸酯(G4),并表征了其结构。通过触角电生理试验(EAG)初步测试了G1~G4的室内生物活性。     

罂粟花粉十三肽类似物的合成及其结构与抗肿瘤活性关系研究

罂粟花粉十三肽对人肝癌和人乳腺癌肿瘤细胞具有明显的抑制作用,以其为先导化合物,设计并合成了5个类似物和5个片段,结合CD谱测定的二级结构及它们对人肝癌和人乳腺癌肿瘤细胞的抑制作用测定结果,研究并讨论了该肽结构与抗肿瘤活性的关系.     

新型血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂: 氮杂三肽类似物的合成及结构活性关系

设计与合成一系列氮杂三肽类似物, 测定了氮杂三肽类似物对血管紧张素转化酶的体外抑制活性, 探讨了它们的结构与抑制活性之间的关系, 结果表明氮杂丙氨酸是丙氨酸很好的替代物。     

基于稳定的膦叶立德合成2(5H)-呋喃酮和2(5H)-吡咯酮作为细菌群体感应抑制剂的研究

利用稳定的乙酸乙酯基膦叶立德与含羰基化合物反应,合成了不同的2(5H)-呋喃酮,然后将获得的部分2(5H)-呋喃酮与醋酸铵反应转化为2(5H)-吡咯酮类化合物.所合成化合物均经1H NMR、13C NMR和MS等确认.通过测定所得到的化合物对于绿脓杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)来检验其抑菌活性;利用细莆生物膜染色实验来检测所得到的化合物对细菌群体感应系统和细菌生物膜的影响.活性实验结果表明,所得到的2(5H)-呋喃酮类化合物和2(5H)-吡咯酮类化合物均具有一定的抑制细菌群体感应的能力.     

分子印迹聚合物的制备及孔结构研究

以N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 色氨酸和N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 酪氨酸为印迹分子 ,分别采用光引发聚合和热引发聚合制备了分子印迹聚合物 ,并对聚合物的手性识别能力进行了色谱评价 .结果表明 ,制备的分子印迹聚合物对印迹分子具有特异性的吸附作用 ,光引发聚合的N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 色氨酸的印迹聚合物对印迹分子的选择性因子达到 2 .318,热引发聚合的N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 酪氨酸对印迹分子的选择性因子为 1 373 进一步研究了分子印迹聚合物的孔结构 ,发现光引发聚合的分子印迹聚合物与空白聚合物的孔结构差别比热引发聚合的分子印迹聚合物与空白聚合物的差别更为明显 .对印迹分子洗脱前后的印迹聚合物的孔结构研究进一步表明 ,印迹分子存在于不同类型的孔中 .     

超分子构筑调控合成结构规整的梯形聚合物及其应用研究

综述了"超分子构筑调控的逐步偶联/聚合法",该方法将高分子化学与超分子化学相结合,利用多种类型的超分子弱键协同作用首先构筑预期的梯形超分子结构,再经聚合得到共价键梯形高分子.利用该方法合成了一系列结构规整的氧桥基和有机桥基梯形聚硅氧烷以及碳基梯形聚酯,并利用侧基间π-π叠加作用实现了对聚合物立体构型控制.扼要介绍了梯形聚合物在先进材料方面的应用,例如梯形聚硅氧烷液晶光致取向膜;由梯形聚硅氧烷合成的管状聚硅氧烷在高室温储存期微电子环氧塑封料方面的应用;以及基于梯形聚硅氧烷的拟筛板聚合物在二阶非线性光学材料方面的应用等.     

Localized quorum sensing in Vibrio fischeri

Quorum sensing is almost always regarded as a population density effect in three-dimensional bulk samples of bacteria. Here we create two-dimensional samples of Vibrio fischeri cells adhered onto glass surfaces to examine the effect of local population densities on quorum sensing. This is done by measuring the luminescent response. The 2-D bacterial populations enable us to simultaneously account for time and distance effects on quorum sensing, which were previously very challenging to access in typical three-dimensional bulk samples. Thus, we are able to consider quorum sensing in terms of signal diffusion. A diffusion model of quorum sensing signals guides the experiments and shows that for a given cell spacing (density) and diffusion time there exists a “true quorum”— a number of cells necessary for quorum sensing. We find that quorum sensing can occur locally in 2-D surface samples and is a function of cell population density as well as signal diffusion time.     

A SAR-based mechanistic study on the combined toxicities of sulfonamides and quorum sensing inhibitors on Escherichia coli

Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) are promising alternatives to antibiotics, but they are discharged into the environment after their use cycle. This poses joint effects on the organisms in the environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the combined toxicities of QSIs and antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the single and combined toxicities of four potential QSIs and 11 sulfonamides (SAs) on Escherichia coli. The results revealed that the single toxicities of SAs were greater than those of QSIs, and the toxicities were found positively related to the binding energies (E_bind) with their target proteins, for both antibiotics and QSIs. The combined toxicities of the binary mixtures were observed to be either antagonism or addition. The antagonism could be explained by the phenomenon that QSIs changed SAs molecules into ionic forms, preventing the SA molecules entering the bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that the ratios of the effective concentration (the actual concentration involved in the interaction with the proteins) in the antagonistic cases were higher than those in the additive cases. This study would benefit both rational use of the drug combination and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics and QSIs in the real environment.     

膜生物反应器中AHL分析技术研究进展

膜生物污染一直是膜生物反应器(membrane bioreactor,MBR)在废水处理工艺中需要解决的一大难题。最近研究表明：基于群体感应的淬灭技术可以作为MBR活性污泥体系中一种有效的膜生物污染防治策略。因而,识别和分析群体感应产生的信号分子是应用群体淬灭技术防治MBR中膜生物污染的关键。本文首先介绍了活性污泥体系中的群体感应机理和N-酰基高丝氨酸内脂(N-acyl homoserine lactone,AHL);其次,归纳近期研究中针对MBR中AHL定性和定量分析方法;最后,对MBR中AHL识别及分析技术应用进行了展望。     

Synthesis and antitubercular activity of tricyclic analogs of puupehenone

Tricyclic analogs 2a and 8 were prepared by four-step routes. The key step was an intermolecular hetero Diels-Alder reaction involving a quinone methide.     

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 4“-O-carbamoyl analogs of clarithromycin

<正>A series of novel 4"-O-carbamoyl analogs of clarithromycin were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity. All of the desired compounds showed excellent activity against erythromycin-susceptible S.pneumoniae.Particularly,4-fluorobenzyl carbamate 7a demonstrated potent activity against erythromycin-resistant S.pneumoniae encoded by the mef gene,and remarkably improved activity against erythromycin-resistant S.pneumoniae encoded by the erm gene,and the erm and mef genes.     

Synthesis of phosphinic and phosphonic analogs of homoserine

A convenient procedure for the synthesis of 1-amino-3-hydroxypropylphosphinic and -phosphonic acids (analogs of homoserine) was developed. The procedure involves the reaction of salts of phosphinic and phosphonic analogs of S-methylmethionine with AcONa/AcOH followed by hydrolysis.     

Synthetic polymers for simultaneous bacterial sequestration and quorum sense interference

Double agents: Dual-action polymers are able to sequester rapidly the marine organism Vibrio harveyi from suspension, while at the same time quenching bacterial quorum sense (QS) signals. The potency of the polymers is assessed by cell aggregation experiments and competitive binding assays against a QS signal precursor, and their effect on bacterial behavior is shown by means of bioluminescence.     

二茂铁基Tamoxifen类似物的合成、结构与性质

合成了一系列二茂铁基Tamoxifen类似物并作了初步生化试验(RBA试验),研究了代表化合物二茂铁基羟基Tamoxifen的晶体结构和顺-反异构化。     

Synthesis and fungicidal activity study of novel daphneolone analogs with 2,6-dimethylmorpholine

A series of novel daphneolone analogs was designed and synthesized on the basis of natural product 1,5-diphenyl-2-penten-1-one(I) from Stellera chamaejasme L. as lead compound, whereby 2,6-dimethylmorpholine moiety was introduced to replace 1-phenyl group. Their structures were confirmed by IR,1H NMR, and HRMS(ESI) or elemental analysis,13 C NMR for some representative compounds. The two isomers of target compounds were separated and identified by NOESY technique and chemical method.All of the synthesized compounds have been evaluated for anti-plant pathogenic fungi activities. The results showed that some compounds exhibited moderate to good antifungal activities against tested fungi at the concentration of 50 mg/L. Among them, compound 7d, with a 4-bromine-substituted phenyl group and cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholine moiety, displayed best activity with an EC50 of 23.87 mmol/L against Valsa mali, superior to lead compound I. In addition, preliminary structure–activity relationship analysis indicated that, between two isomers of target compounds, the antifungal activities of the isomer with cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholine were better than the trans-isomer.