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医用可生物降解高分子材料 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对目前医用可生物降解高分子材料的研究及应用状况分化学合成,天然和生物技术合成三类作了综述。对材料的生物相容性、可生物降解性及物理机械性能进行了分析和比较。并就医用生物降解高分子材料的发展趋势作了预测。 相似文献
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作为一种先进的创面敷料,静电纺纳米医用敷料与传统敷料相比,有着与人体天然细胞外基质(ECM)高度类似的疏松多孔的结构,可以有效调节细胞增殖过程、加速创面闭合,在促进皮肤愈合方面表现出极大的优势。不仅如此,研究表明将药物和生物活性物质负载在电纺纳米纤维中可以实现缓释的作用,为创面的愈合提供了有利条件,显著提高愈合速度,可作为一种性能优越的医用敷料推广到临床应用中。基于目前的研究,本文对静电纺丝技术的基本原理及静电纺医用敷料的特点进行了简单的介绍,随后根据电纺基材的种类进行了分类,分别为天然、合成和复合电纺敷料,并对其应用进行了讨论。最后,本文提出了现阶段静电纺医用敷料的电纺工艺和抗菌实验存在的一些问题,对电纺敷料用于仿生皮肤研究的前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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微球是一种新型药物载体,具有很大的开发与应用潜力.天然高分子具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性,易在生物体内分散,可制备成微球.无机材料(主要为无机矿物)力学性能优良,且价廉易得.通过天然高分子与无机材料两者耦合杂化作用,可优势互补、协同增效,进而产生许多优异的理化性能.使用无机材料改性天然高分子,通过乳化交联法、溶液混合法、原位合成法、挤出法等多种方法可制备得到无机材料/天然高分子复合微球.将无机材料/天然高分子复合微球应用于药物传递系统中,缓释效果明显,安全无毒害,且载体材料价格相对低廉,对于开发新型药物载体具有一定的意义.本文综述了近年无机材料/天然高分子复合微球的制备、载药与释药性能的相关研究,分析了常用制备方法的利弊,展望了复合微球的发展方向. 相似文献
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壳聚糖作为广泛存在于天然界中的天然高分子聚合物甲壳素的脱乙酰化产物,不仅具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性、低毒性、成膜性等性质,还具有止痛止血、抗菌消炎、缓释药物等生物活性.壳聚糖及其衍生物已被广泛应用于医药领域,并逐渐成为制备皮肤创伤敷料膜的首选材料.本文结合壳聚糖的结构特征,以及用于治疗皮肤创伤的相关性能,综述了利用壳聚糖及其衍生物制备性能优异的皮肤创伤敷料膜的研究进展,并在此基础上对其应用前景做出了展望. 相似文献
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Ze Liu Li-xiang Wang Xia-bin Jing Fo-song Wang The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China 《高分子科学》2001,(6):615-621
Two new blue light-emitting PPV-based conjugated copolymers containing both an electron-withdrawing unit(triazole-TAZ) and electron-rich moieties (carbazole-CAR and bicarbazole-BCAR were prepared by Wittig condensationpolymerization between the triazole diphosphonium salt and the corresponding dialdehyde monomers. Their structures andproperties were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, UV-Vis, PL spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements. Theresulting copolymers are soluble in common organic solvents and thermally stable with a T_g of 147℃ for TAZ-CAR-PPVand of 157℃ for TAZ-BCAR-PPV. The maximum photoluminescence wavelengths of TAZ-CAR-PPV and TAZ-BCAR-PPV film appear at 460 nm and 480 nm, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry measurement demonstrates that TAZ-BCAR-PPVhas good electrochemical reversibility, while TAZ-CAR-PPV exhibits the irreversible redox process. The triazole unit wasfound to be an effective π-conjugation interrupter and can play the rigid spacer role in determining the emission colour ofthe resulting copolymer. 相似文献
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A novel bipolar conjugated polymer containing triphenylamine and 1,3,4-oxadiazole units was synthesized by Suzuki reaction.Its structure and properties were characterized by NMR,IR,UV-Vis,PL spectroscopy and electrochemical measurement. The photoluminescent spectroscopy and cyclic voltammograms measurement demonstrated that the resulting polymer shows blue emission (477 nm) and possesses both electron and hole-transporting property. 相似文献
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共轭聚合物材料及电致发光器件 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
共轭聚合物是一种极有应用前景的有机半导体材料,本文综述其研究进展,包括典型共轭聚合物材料PPV、PT、PF等及PPP的工作原理,发展前景和存在的问题。 相似文献
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Rajendra R. Bhat Michael R. Tomlinson Jan Genzer 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2005,43(23):3384-3394
Orthogonal polymer brush gradients are assemblies of surface-anchored macromolecules, in which two material properties of the grafted chains (e.g., grafting density, molecular weight) vary independently in orthogonal directions. Here, we describe the formation and applications of two such orthogonal assemblies, involving: (1) molecular weight and grafting density (MW/σ) gradients of a given polymer and (2) molecular weight gradients (MW1/MW2), of two different polymers. Each point on orthogonal gradient substrate represents a unique combination of the two surface properties being varied, thus facilitating systematic investigation of a phenomenon that depends on the two said properties. We illustrate this point by employing orthogonal structures to study systematically: (1) formation of polymer brush-nanoparticle composite assemblies, (2) protein adsorption and cell adhesion, and (3) chain conformations in tethered diblock copolymers exposed to selective solvents. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3384–3394, 2005 相似文献
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本文研究了聚甲基丙烯酸三乙基锡酯(PTETM)在二十五种溶剂中的溶解性能。测定了PTETM试样在不同溶剂中的特性粘数,估算了PTETM的三维溶度参数为:δ=18.8(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_d=16.8(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_p=6.28(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_h=5.73(J/cm~3)~(1/2)。并就聚合物中锡原子上的取代基对其溶解性能的影响进行了讨论。作者还订定了PTETM在四氢呋喃溶液中,25℃时的MHS方程为[η]=2.55×10~(-3)M_w~(0.691);在甲苯溶液中,30℃时的MHS方程为[η]=2.79×10~(-3)M_w~(0.662)。利用Burchard-Stockmayer-Fixman关系,由四氢呋喃体系(25℃)和甲苯体系(30℃)所求得的Flory特征比C_∞=9.4。 相似文献
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Eric F. Connor Inez Lees Derek Maclean 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2017,55(18):3146-3157
Polymer drugs are those in which a polymer agent has a direct therapeutic effect on the body. A major investigated area of polymer drugs is their use as binding agents, or sequestrants, which can neutralize or remove undesired components from the body. By taking advantage of the unique properties of crosslinked, insoluble polymers, new polymer drugs continue to be developed for oral use, acting in the gastrointestinal tract and excreted in the feces. Soluble polymer binders may be administered by a variety of routes and act at diverse sites of therapeutic action. This article reviews the properties of polymer drugs, particularly sequestrants, with an emphasis on recent advances in polymer properties which may enhance the utility of this class of drugs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3146–3157 相似文献
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采用对氯苯甲醛和联苯二胺为原料,合成了4,4′-二氯代苄叉联苯胺,发现该化合物具有热致液晶性。利用所合成的二氯代化合物与硫化钠在醋酸锂催化下缩取得得到了含硫聚西佛碱探讨了高分子量含硫聚西佛碱的合成方法。测出该含硫聚西佛碱具有3.4×10~(-11)S/cm本征导电率。使用红外光谱、元素分析等方法表征了所合成的聚合物。 相似文献