ZnTe结构相变、电子结构和光学性质的研究

运用密度泛函理论体系下的投影缀加波方法, 对闪锌矿和朱砂相结构的ZnTe在高压下的状态方程和结构相变进行了研究, 并分析了相变前后的原胞体积、电子结构和光学性质. 结果表明: 闪锌矿结构转变为朱砂相结构的相变压力为8.6 GPa, 并没有出现类似材料高压导致的金属化现象, 而是表现出间接带隙半导体特性. 相变后, 朱砂相结构Zn和Te原子态密度分布均向低能级方向移动, 带隙变小; 轨道杂化增强, 更有利于Te 5p与Zn 3d间的电子跃迁, 介电常数虚部主峰明显增强, 但宏观介电常数不受压力的影响.     

压力效应对CdS电子结构和光学性质的影响

基于密度泛函理论体系下的广义梯度近似(GGA)方法,利用第一性原理计算了不同压强下CdS晶体闪锌矿结构,得到其晶格常数、总能量、电子态密度分布、能带结构、光反射与吸收系数等性质,通过比较能带结构的变化行为,得出CdS在116.8 GPa附近还存在等结构相变,即由直接带隙结构变为间接带隙结构.结合电子结构系统分析了压力效...     

高压下AlN的电子结构和光学性质

运用密度泛函理论体系下的平面波赝势(PWP)和广义梯度近似(GGA)方法,利用第一性原理计算了不同压强下六方纤锌矿结构AlN晶体的晶格常数、总能量、电子态密度、能带结构、光反射系数与吸收系数。通过比较能带结构的变化行为,得出 AlN在16.7Gpa附近存在等结构相变,即由直接带隙结构转变为间接带隙结构。同时,结合高压下的态密度分布图和能级移动情况,分析了AlN在高压下的光学性质,吸收谱有向高能端移动(蓝移) 的趋势。     

CdS掺Mg和Ni电子结构和光学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法,对闪锌矿结构CdS和CdS∶M(M=Mg,Ni)几何结构、能带结构、电子态密度和光学性质进行了系统的研究。几何结构研究对掺杂后体系晶格常量进行了优化计算,结果表明Mg和Ni原子掺入CdS后晶格常量均减小,晶格发生局部畸变。进一步研究了掺杂对体系电子结构的影响,能带结构和电子态密度分析表明由于Ni 3d电子的引入使CdS∶Ni成为半金属铁磁半导体,而Mg 3s电子的引入CdS∶Mg带隙变宽。另外,体系掺杂后,吸收系数分析表明掺杂导致吸收峰在可见光波长区域变化显著,且掺Ni导致吸收峰进一步向长波方向移动。     

高压下AlN的电子结构和光学性质

运用密度泛函理论体系下的平面波赝势(PWP)和广义梯度近似(GGA)方法，利用第一性原理计算了不同压强下六方纤锌矿结构AlN晶体的晶格常数、总能量、电子态密度、能带结构、光反射系数与吸收系数。通过比较能带结构的变化行为，得出 AlN在16.7Gpa附近存在等结构相变，即由直接带隙结构转变为间接带隙结构。同时，结合高压下的态密度分布图和能级移动情况，分析了AlN在高压下的光学性质，吸收谱有向高能端移动(蓝移) 的趋势。     

Fe,Ni掺杂CdS的电子结构和光学性质

基于密度泛函理论（DFT）的第一性原理研究了Fe,Ni单掺杂和（Fe,Ni）共掺杂CdS的能带结构、电子态密度分布、介电常数和光学吸收系数,分析了掺杂后电子结构和光学性质的变化.计算结果表明:掺杂体系的CdS晶格常量均减少,能带宽度减小,介电函数虚部ε₂（ω）都在0.53 eV左右出现了一个新峰,吸收光谱发生明显的红移,它们均在1.35 eV处出现较强吸收峰.     

FeS2(pyrite)电子结构与光学性质的密度泛函计算

采用局域密度近似的自洽密度泛函理论计算了FeS2的电子结构与光学性质。费米能级附近区域的能带与态密度计算表明价带极大值在X（100）点和导带极小值在G（000）点，直接带隙和音接带隙分别为0.74eV、0.6eV。并用电子结构信息精确计算了介质极化矩阵元，从而给出了FeS2的介电函数虚部及相关光学参量，理论结果与实验符合甚佳。     

第一性原理研究Be-S共掺杂AlN纳米片的电子结构和光学性质

基于密度泛函理论体系下广义梯度近似(GGA),利用第一性原理方法计算了Be替代Al、S替代N和Be-S共掺杂对氮化铝纳米片的电子结构和光学性质的影响.计算结果表明,掺杂改变了氮化铝纳米片的带隙,但仍显示半导体特性. Be掺杂类型对氮化铝纳米片的晶体结构影响不大,而S掺杂和Be-S共掺杂都使得氮化铝纳米片有不同程度的弯曲.同时Be-S共掺杂中S原子起到激活受主杂质Be原子的作用,使得受主能级向低能方向移动.共掺杂比单掺杂具有更高的受主原子浓度,并减小局域化程度.光学性质也发生较大改变:S原子掺杂氮化铝纳米片的介电函数虚部出现第二介电峰,Be掺杂和Be-S共掺杂使得损失谱的能量区间有所展宽,峰值降低并向高能区移动.     

Mg, Sr掺杂CaF2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理方法对纯CaF2晶体和Mg、Sr掺杂CaF2体系的晶体结构、电学以及光学性质进行了详细的对比研究, 结果表明: 与纯CaF2晶体相比, 掺杂体系的带隙变窄且形成新的态密度峰, 费米面附近出现F与Mg、Sr原子间轨道杂化加强现象. 另外, 掺杂体系仅表现出介电性质, 其对紫外光的吸收强度大大减弱, 而Ca7SrF16掺杂体系在25.44 eV处产生新的小吸收峰. CaF2晶体掺入Mg、Sr原子后, 体系在紫外光区的消光系数减小且对紫外光的透过率增大. 此外, 掺杂体系的反射谱峰和损失函数峰均发生红移且峰值显著降低.     

Mg, Sr掺杂CaF2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理方法对纯CaF2晶体和Mg、Sr掺杂CaF2体系的晶体结构、电学以及光学性质进行了详细的对比研究, 结果表明: 与纯CaF2晶体相比, 掺杂体系的带隙变窄且形成新的态密度峰, 费米面附近出现F与Mg、Sr原子间轨道杂化加强现象. 另外, 掺杂体系仅表现出介电性质, 其对紫外光的吸收强度大大减弱, 而Ca7SrF16掺杂体系在25.44 eV处产生新的小吸收峰. CaF2晶体掺入Mg、Sr原子后, 体系在紫外光区的消光系数减小且对紫外光的透过率增大. 此外, 掺杂体系的反射谱峰和损失函数峰均发生红移且峰值显著降低.     

First-principles calculations for electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of ZnS

The electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of ZnS in the zinc-blende （ZB） and wurtzite （WZ） structures are investigated by using the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory （DFT）. The results obtained are consistent with other theoretical results and the available experimental data. When the pressures are above 20.5 and 27 GPa, the ZB-ZnS and the WZ-ZnS are converted into indirect gap semiconductors, respectively. The critical point structure of the frequency-dependent complex dielectric function is investigated and analysed to identify the optical transitions. Moreover, the values of heat capacity Cv and Debye temperature θ at different pressures and different temperatures are also obtained successfully.     

First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of ZnO nanowires

The geometric, energetic, electronic structures and optical properties of ZnO nanowires (NWs) with hexagonal cross sections are investigated by using the first-principles calculation of plane wave ultra-soft pseudo-potential technology based on the density functional theory (DFT). The calculated results reveal that the initial Zn-O double layers merge into single layers after structural relaxations, the band gap and binding energies decrease with the increase of the ZnO nanowire size. Those properties show great dimension and size dependence. It is also found that the dielectric functions of ZnO NWs have different peaks with respect to light polarization, and the peaks of ZnO NWs exhibit a significant blueshift in comparison with those of bulk ZnO. Our results gives some reference to the thorough understanding of optical properties of ZnO, and also enables more precise monitoring and controlling during the growth of ZnO materials to be possible.     

高压对氮化硼纳米管的几何结构、电子结构和光学性质的影响

运用密度泛函理论平面波赝势方法(PWP)和广义梯度近似(GGA),计算研究了纳米管BN(5,5)在不同压力条件下的几何结构、电子结构和光学性质. 在高压条件下管口形状发生了较大的变化. 与闪锌矿结构BN比较分析发现两种结构间存在一些性质上的差异：首先,在外压力作用下,BN(5,5)纳米管的带隙随压力增大而减小,变化率为-0.01795eV/GPa,而闪锌矿结构BN随压力增大而增大;其次光吸收谱在压力条件下,没有和闪锌矿结构BN一样发生“蓝移”,相反在红外方向有所拓展;但纳米管BN(5,5)电子的转移方向和 关键词： 氮化硼纳米管 密度泛函理论(DFT) 电子结构     

Structural, electronic and optical properties of orthorhombic distorted perovskite TbMnO3

This paper calculates the structural parameters, electronic and optical properties of orthorhombic distorted perovskite-type TbMnO3 by first principles using density functional theory within the generalised gradient approximation. The calculated equilibrium lattice constants are in a reasonable agreement with theoretical and experimental data. The energy band structure, density of states and partial density of states of elements are obtained. Band structures show that TbMnO3 is an indirect band gap between the O 2p states and Mn 3d states, and the band gap is of 0.48 eV agreeing with experimental result. Furthermore, the optical properties, including the dielectric function, absorption coefficient, optical reflectivity, refractive index and energy loss spectrum are calculated and analysed, showing that the TbMnO3 is a promising dielectric material.     

Pressure effect on electronic,elastic and optical properties of Eu:CaF2 crystal: a first-principles study

The structure, electronic structure, elastic and optical properties of pure CaF₂ and Eu:CaF₂ are investigated by performing the generalized gradient approximation in the frame of density functional theory. The obtained lattice constant, band structure, elastic constants and imaginary part of dielectric function of pure CaF₂ agree well with the experimental and other theoretical results. These properties of Eu:CaF₂ are also calculated, and it follows that Eu doping leads to the crystal structure distorted, as well as the spin polarization of the system. Especially an impurity band is introduced in the bandgap, above the Fermi level, in the band structure of the Eu:CaF₂, narrowing the bandgap. In addition, it is observed that the optical peaks of Eu:CaF₂ shift towards the longer wavelength side, and the peak intensities drop compared with pure CaF₂. Furthermore, Eu doping induces a series of new peaks in the optical properties, which is probably caused by the transitions of the 4f electrons of the Eu atoms. It is worth mentioning that the effect of pressure on the optical properties of Eu:CaF₂ is also studied, we can hold that the optical peaks will have a blueshift.     

Ag,Zn掺杂对CdS电子结构和光学性质的影响

运用密度泛函平面波赝势方法和广义梯度近似, 对替代式掺杂Ag和Zn的闪锌矿CdS的超晶胞晶体结构、电子结构和光学性质进行了计算, 分析了其电子态分布与结构的关系,给出了掺杂前后CdS体系的介电函数和复折射率函数. 研究表明,掺有Ag的CdS晶体空穴浓度增大,会明显提高材料的电导率, 而Zn掺杂不改变CdS晶体载流子浓度; Ag, Zn掺杂体系光学带隙均变窄; 通过分析掺杂前后CdS晶体的介电函数和复折射率函数,解释了体系的发光机理. 关键词： 密度泛函理论 Ag,Zn掺杂CdS 电子结构 光学性质     

First-principles study of electronic and optical properties in wurtzite Zn1-xCuxO

We perform a first-principles simulation to study the electronic and optical properties of wurtzite Zn1 xCuxO.The simulations are based upon the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof form of generalised gradient approximation within the density functional theory.Calculations are carried out in different concentrations.With increasing Cu concentration,the band gap of Zn1 xCuxO decreases due to the shift of valence band.The imaginary part of the dielectric function indicates that the optical transition between O 2p states in the highest valence band and Zn 4s states in the lowest conduction band shifts to the low energy range as the Cu concentration increases.Besides,it is shown that the insertion of Cu atom leads to redshift of the optical absorption edge.Meanwhile,the optical constants of pure ZnO and Zn0.75Cu0.25O,such as loss function,refractive index and reflectivity,are discussed.