SAW气体传感器聚合物敏感膜材料研究进展

声表面波(surface acoustic wave,SAW)气体传感器具有灵敏度高、选择性好、响应时间短以及体积小,携带方便等优点,因而被广泛应用于环境监测、医疗卫生、化学侦检等领域中有毒有害气体的现场实时检测。敏感膜材料的特性是决定SAW传感器性能(如灵敏度、选择性、响应时间、寿命等)的关键因素。本文首先简要介绍了SAW气体传感器的响应原理和对敏感膜材料的要求,然后重点阐述了用于SAW气体传感器的有机聚合物敏感膜材料的研究进展,最后对其研究趋势做出简单预测。     

声表面波化学传感器膜材料的研究进展

声表面波(Surface Acoustic Wave,简称SAW)化学传感器是一种可用于现场实时检测的气敏传感器,具有体积小、选择性好、信号响应快等特点,其中敏感膜材料是决定其性能的关键因素。本文主要介绍了传感器的工作原理,敏感膜与吸附气体之间的作用力,对膜材料的选择及性能影响因素进行了详细阐述。重点介绍了现有膜材料的分类及应用,主要有有机聚合物膜、无机物膜、超分子膜和复合膜,比较了它们的优缺点。对现有成果进行总结,同时提出了传感器膜材料的发展趋势。     

新型二氧化硫气体电化学传感器的研究

SO2 是大气的主要污染物 ,并能与环境中的 NOx,O3等协同作用 ,产生更严重的污染 .因此 ,SO2的测定在环境保护、职业健康、工业排放控制等方面起着非常重要的作用 .SO2 的测定方法包括气相色谱法 [1]、离子色谱法 [2 ]、电导测定 [3]和电解电导率 [4]、光纤传感器 [5 ,6 ]等 ,但这些方法所需仪器昂贵、操作繁琐、灵敏度较低、难以实时连续测定 .一些研究者致力于 SO2 电化学传感器的开发 [7～ 8] ,但存在着灵敏度低、需在高温下使用、稳定性差等缺点 .我们成功地研制了一种微型 SO2 气体电化学传感器 ,该传感器稳定性好、灵敏度高、价…     

粘弹性阻尼材料中互穿聚合物网络技术的应用

阐述了粘弹性材料在振动波作用下的阻尼机理,指出声波法和模量法的统一性。综述了互穿聚合物网络技术要点,并解释相分离体系宽玻璃化转变区间的形成机理;介绍了互穿聚合和网络技术形成的新途径及梯度互穿聚合物网络技术要点。     

气体分离膜成膜技术及成膜机理的研究进展

介绍了气体分离膜的发展历史，从７０年代初期反渗透膜干燥技术获得气体分离膜，８０年代出现的“阻力型”“复合型”到９０年代发明的致密皮层非对称气体分离膜，着重介绍了成膜液相转化过程中发生微相分离的成膜机理，最后，提出现行成膜技术的不足及成膜机理的研究方向。     

硫化氢气体传感器的研究进展

硫化氢(H_2S)是一种具有臭鸡蛋气味的腐蚀性气体,是广泛存在的环境污染物之一。H_2S为剧毒性气体,且易挥发,严重损伤人的呼吸系统,甚至神经系统和心脏器官。因此,实现H_2S气体的快速、高灵敏及实时检测对于工业生产、公共安全、环境监测和医疗健康等领域具有十分重要的意义。该文对近5年来电量型和光学型两类H_2S气体传感器在传感技术和传感材料上取得的重要进展进行了综述,并对这两类传感器所面临的问题和未来发展趋势进行了探讨。     

导电聚合物传感器的研究进展

综述了导电聚合材料应用于生物敏、离子敏、气敏、湿敏传感器的研究概况。并对导电聚合物传感器研究动向作了展望。     

气体传感器和电子鼻

通过实例介绍了气体传感器的原理及应用，并对以气体传感器为基础，模拟生物体嗅觉系统的智能型传感器———电子鼻，做了简单介绍。     

导电聚合物传感器的研究进展

导电聚合物因其具有特殊的结构和优异的物理化学性能,而成为构建传感器的一种新材料。综述了近5年来导电聚合物在生物传感器、离子传感器、气敏传感器方面的研究进展,并对导电聚合物的研究动向作了展望。     

一种新型的表面声波阻抗传感器及其在液相体系中的应用

一种新型的表面声波阻抗传感器及其在液相体系中的应用姚守拙，陈康，刘德忠，聂利华（湖南大学化学化工系，长沙，４１００８２）关键词表面声波，阻抗传感器，液相应用表面声波传感器（ＳＡＷＳ）具有较高的灵敏度和检测精度，已广泛应用于气体微量组分分析、色谱检测和...     

杯[4]芳烃涂层的TSM声波吡啶传感器的研究

吡啶是一种大气有毒污染物,可引起中枢神经系统抑郁症,刺激皮肤和呼吸系统,损害肝、肾,使胃肠功能失调等,工作场所允许最大浓度为１５ｍｇ／ｍ３［１］．目前吡啶测定方法常有ｐＨ滴定法、比色法、气相色谱法、紫外光谱法、流动注射分析法、库仑滴定法和微分阳极溶出...     

杯芳烃涂层厚度剪切模式声波传感器对苯甲醚的主-客识别

实验考察了６种合成的杯芳烃化合物涂层的厚度剪切模式（ＴＳＭ）声波传感器对３０多种有机蒸气的频移响应情况，发现３７，３８，３９，４０，４１，４２－六（乙氧基羰基甲氧基）杯［６］芳烃对苯甲醚分子具有灵敏的主－客识别功能。当涂载量为４３μｇ时，传感器的线性响应范围可达０．０１６～２５．４０６ｍｇ／Ｌ，灵敏度为４３．８Ｈｚ／（ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）（３０℃±０．５℃），检测下限可达０．００７ｍｇ／Ｌ。传感器具有重现性和稳定性好、响应较快的优点，羧酸和含苯环类化合物对传感器有一定干扰，而湿度不干扰。将该传感器用于苯甲醚样品的测定，测量精度与气相色谱法相当，回收率为９７．５２％～１０４．３７％。     

声表面波技术检测糜烂性毒剂芥子气的研究

声表面波技术是这些年来得到迅猛发展的一门前沿学科,是传感器技术中引人注目的新兴分支。由于声表面波化学传感器具有体积小、成本低、灵敏度高、易于集成化、智能化、实现远距离检测等多种优点,因而在军用、民用领域显示了良好的应用前景[1-3]。芥子气是糜烂性化学毒剂中最为     

声表面波分子印迹技术检测甲基膦酸二甲酯的研究

以分子印迹(MIP)电聚合的成膜方法,在声表面波(SAW)双通道延迟线上制备了对甲基膦酸二甲酯(DMMP)有选择性的分子印迹薄膜(纳米级),并证实了分子印迹的明显效果,所研制的声表面波分子印迹传感器／(SAW—MIP)对甲基膦酸二甲酯的检出限为5mg／m^3。     

表面波在表面活性剂流变学研究中的应用

论述了表面波的原理及其发展,文中进一步讨论了毛细波和纵向波的特点,较为详细地介绍了纵向波的实验方法和装置以及在表面活性剂流学变性质研究中的应用。     

TiO2-Coated Surface Acoustic Wave Devices

A surface, acoustic wave (SAW)filter, coated with TiO₂ thin film, was applied to a sensor to monitor photochemical process. By using this filter with a center frequency of about 150 MHz, photocatalytic reactions on the surface,of TiO₂ was monitored under ambient atmosphere containing a slight amount of various gases.     

Bi‐channel Surface Acoustic Wave Gas Sensor for Carbon Disulfide and Methanol Vapors in Polymer Plants

A C₆₀‐polyphenylacetylene (C₆₀‐PPA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated two‐channel surface acoustic wave (SAW) crystal gas sensor with a homemade computer interface for data acquisition and data processing was developed and employed to detect carbon disulfide (CS₂) and methanol (CH₃OH) vapors in polymer plants. The frequency of surface acoustic wave oscillator decreases due to the adsorption of gas molecules on the coated materials of the SAW sensor. Six coating materials (C₆₀‐PPA, nafion, PPA, crytand [2,2], polyethene glycol and PVP) were used to adsorb and detect carbon disulfide and methanol gases. Adsorption of all the six coating materials to CS₂ and CH₃OH was found to be physical adsorption. The C₆₀‐PPA coated SAW detector exhibited more sensitive to CS₂ than the other coating materials. In contrast, the PVP coated SAW detector was more sensitive to CH₃OH than the other coating materials. With the two‐channel SAW sensor, the C₆₀‐PPA coated SAW showed a good detection limit of 0.4 ppm and good reproducibility with RSD of 3.37 % (n=10) for CS₂. Similarly, the PVP coated SAW also showed a good detection limit of 0.05 ppm and good reproducibility, with RSD of 0.86 % (n=10) for CH₃OH. The interference effect of other organic molecules on the SAW detection system was negligible, except for the irreversible adsorption of C₆₀‐PPA to propylamine. The frequency signals from the two‐channel SAW sensor array C₆₀‐PPA and PVP coatings were processed by a back‐propagation artificial neural network (BPN) and multiple regression analysis (MRA). Thus a two‐channel SAW sensor array with BPN and MRA has been successfully applied for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of CS₂ and CH₃OH in mixtures.     

Rapid Determination and Quality Control of Pharmacological Volatiles of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by Fast Gas Chromatography–Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor

Introduction: A novel analytical method using fast gas chromatography combined with surface acoustic wave sensor (GC-SAW) was developed for rapid determination of the pharmacological volatiles of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Methods: The volatile compounds in 20 turmeric samples, collected from different parts and different origins, were assessed by the fast GC-SAW. In addition, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to confirm the chemical composition of the main volatiles. The digital fingerprint of turmeric was established and analysed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Results: Curcumene (9.1%), β-sesquiphellandrene (5.1%) and ar-turmerone (69.63%) were confirmed as the main pharmacological volatiles of turmeric. The content of ar-turmerone in lateral rhizome turmeric was significantly higher than that of top rhizome and ungrouped turmeric. The contents of curcumene and β-sesquiphellandrene in top rhizome turmeric were higher than those in lateral and ungrouped turmeric. The 20 turmeric samples were divided into four categories, which reflected the quality characteristics of the turmeric from different parts and origins. Conclusion: The GC-SAW method can rapidly and accurately detect pharmacologically volatiles of turmeric, and it can be used in the quality control of turmeric.     

Acoustic Wave Mass Sensors

The application of acoustic wave microsensors for mass sensing will be reviewed with focus on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. The use of QCM and SAW devices in chemical sensing as well as in the determination of solid and liquid properties will be described. In chemical sensing, it is unlikely that a single sensor with a single coating will display a selective and reversible response to a given analyte in a mixture. Alternative strategies such as the use of sensor arrays and the use of sampling devices can be used to improve performance. QCM sensors (QCMs) will oscillate under liquids; their use in under-liquid sensing will be discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.