放电等离子体技术在固态生物质聚合中的应用

本文介绍了高电压放电等离子体技术在生物质高分子聚合中的应用及机理,提出了把等离子体聚合技术应用于固体高分子生物质中,拓宽了等离子体聚合的应用范围及聚合产物的形态,讨论了在实现生物质等离子体聚合中,固体高分子原料聚合需要解决的问题,并就等离子体聚合在这方面的应用进展状况进行了扼要介绍,同时对其发展前景进行了展望。     

微波在分析化学及有机合成中的应用

综述了近10年来微波技术在分析化学和有机合成中的应用，着重介绍了微波消解在分析化学和微波辐射在有机合成反应中的应用进展。     

等离子体技术在医用材料表面改性中的应用

本文从血液相容性、组织相容性、低分子物的渗出、药物缓释等方面出发,对等离子体处理、等离子体聚合、等离子体接枝聚合在医用材料表面改性中的应用作了综合介绍。     

表面等离子体共振传感技术在高分子研究中的应用

介绍了表面等离子体共振 (SPR)的基本原理和SPR传感器技术的应用现状 ,综述了SPR传感器在高分子科学研究中的应用和发展前景。     

化学中的虚拟现实技术及其在光谱分析化学中的应用展望

虚拟现实技术是计算机和信息科学在处理多维信息空间总是中的支撑技术。本文简单介绍了虚拟现实技术,综述了它在化学中应用情况,特别是在分子构模研究领域中的最新进展。展望了虚拟现实技术光谱分析化学中的应用前景,详细讨论了在ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ中的实现步骤。     

三角银纳米柱的研究进展*

由于三角银纳米柱独特可调的光学性质及其在生物分子和无机离子检测等领域的重要应用前景而引起了人们的关注。本文综述了三角银纳米柱的研究进展,介绍了三角银纳米柱的光学性质,几种主要的制备方法,三角银纳米柱的表面修饰、颗粒膜的制备以及在无机离子检测中的应用,并对三角银纳米柱在应用中存在的结构不稳定性问题以及现行的解决方法进行了综述。     

碳氟化合物等离子体聚合研究进展

本文综述了近年来碳氟等离子体聚合物研究的新进展,主要包括3个方面:(1)碳氟化合物的等离子体聚合反应历程;(2)碳氟等离子体聚合物的结构表征,着重介绍了电子能谱在表征其结构中的应用;(3)碳氟等离子体聚合物的应用领域。     

微波化学

本文从微波的概念、微波的产生、传输及其加热原理和主要特点出发，简单介绍微波技术在化学中的应用。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱技术在环境领域的应用

综述电感耦合等离子体质谱技术在环境监测和环境科学研究领域的应用.介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱技术在环境监测中的分析优势,环境研究领域中稳定同位素比值测定技术及其与色谱、激光烧蚀、流动注射技术联用分析技术应用的进展.     

等离子体聚合法

扼要介绍等离子体聚合的原理、设备和方法,对其应用也作了叙述。     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的等离子体表面改性研究

阐述了等离子体原理,综述了等离子体对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯表面改性的研究工作,大量的实验数据表明了这种方法可以成功改善各种性能。等离子体处理后PET材料表面粗糙度增加,并产生化学基团,因此可改善以下各种性能:润湿性、粘接性、染色性、抗静电性,对人体的生物相容性,添加TiO2的杀菌性,PET表面化学镀金属的性能。PET表面的刻蚀作用,导致其重量的减轻,可替代部分碱减量处理。     

等离子体引发聚合

叙述了近下赤等离子体引发聚合反应的研究情况及其在表面改性与合成新型高分子材料等方面的应用。     

Curing of liquid epoxy resin in plasma discharge

Epoxy resins in the solid state, liquid state and during polymerisation were treated by microwave oxygen plasma and analysed by FTIR spectra. Curing, etching and oxidation kinetics of epoxy resin were observed. In the liquid resin and polymerising mixture the effect of structure modification was observed more intensively than in the case of solid sample due to a mixing process. A modification of bulk layers of liquid epoxy resin was observed under plasma action. The polymerisation reaction of epoxy resin with amine hardening agent can be released in plasma discharge at low pressure.     

PLASMA POLYMERIZATION OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC MONOMERS FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION OF NUCLE-MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE

Surface modification of nucle-microporous membrane by plasma polymerization of HEMA, NVP and D_4 has been studied. The hydrophilicity of membranes was increased with increasing of plasma polymerization time of hydrophilic monomers HEMA and NVP. The flow rate of water through the membrane was increased remarkably after plasma polymerization of HEMA on it.     

低温等离子体对聚合物多孔膜的亲水化改性

综述了低温等离子体在聚合物多孔膜表面亲水化改性领域的研究与应用进展。在简要介绍等离子体技术的原理、方法的基础上,讨论了Ar、He、O2、N2、CO2、H2O、NH2和SO2等非反应性和反应性气体的等离子体表面处理,烷基醇、烷基胺、烯丙基醇和烯丙基胺等饱和及不饱和单体的等离子体沉积聚合,以及烯类单体的等离子体引发的接枝聚合等等离子体方法,对膜表面和膜孔壁的化学组成和形态结构、膜亲水性的获得及其时效性、膜水通量和蛋白质抗污染性等方面的影响。     

疏水性聚丙烯酸酯人工晶状体的低温等离子体改性

通过低温等离子体表面改性技术对疏水性聚丙烯酸酯人工晶状体进行表面改性, 并对改性前后材料的表面结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征. 静态水接触角结果显示, 经过氨等离子体处理后的人工晶状体亲水性效果最好, 同时最佳的改性时间为120 s, 改性功率为150 W. XPS分析结果进一步证实, 经等离子体处理后, 在人工晶状体表面引入了极性基团. 原子显微镜观察结果显示, 改性后材料表面更加凹凸不平, 粗糙度显著增加而透光率变化很小, 但过大功率改性的样品透光率明显下降. 时效性测试结果表明, 人工晶状体在改性14 d后疏水性恢复趋于稳定.     

Two Atmospheric-pressure Plasma Sources for Polymer Surface Modification

Two atmospheric-pressure plasma sources were studied. One was a helium plasma generated by a RF discharge, and the other was an air plasma generated by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The two plasma sources were characterized on electron density, emission spectrum, and ozone density. The modification of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) surfaces by the two plasmas was investigated. PET strips were exposed to the plasma at the exit of the plasma source. Water contact angles were measured for surfaces modified with different processing parameters. The change in contact angles was monitored as a function of time. Modification mechanisms were also investigated.     

医用聚氯乙烯膜的等离子体表面改性

用两种不同气氛的辉光放电等离子体工艺对医用软质聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）膜进行了表面改性研究。结果表明，聚合性气氛的等离子体改性效果明显优于非聚合性气氛。平整致密的聚合膜对ＰＶＣ增塑剂——邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的迁移和扩散起了阻挡作用，也使膜表面亲水性和表面张力极性成份增大，液固相界面张力减小，生物相容性得以改善。     

Mechanistic Investigations of Surface Modification of Carbon Black and Silica by Plasma Polymerisation

Carbon black is widely used as an active filler in the rubber industry to improve the physical properties of rubber. The surface energy of carbon black is high compared to that of various elastomers like styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR) and ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM). The work aims at reducing the surface energy of carbon black by modifying its surface for application especially in rubber blends. The present paper looks into the possibility of using plasma polymerisation of acetylene as a surface modification technique for carbon black in comparison with silica. Thermogravimetric analysis, wetting behaviour with various liquids of known surface tension and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) were used to characterise the carbon black before and after surface modification. The study shows that surface modification of carbon black by plasma polymerisation is difficult in comparison with silica, unless treated for long duration. The mechanistic aspects of the surface modification and the importance of active sites on the carbon black surface for effective modification are discussed in the paper.     

A Surface Masking Technique for the Determination of Plasma Polymer Film Thickness by AFM

A method for the determination of coating film thicknesses at nanometer resolution based on surface masking and atomic force microscopy (AFM) is described. A polymeric mask is used to cover part of a substrate during the deposition of thin polymeric coatings by plasma polymerization, allowing the production of well defined polymer steps of heights of a few tens of nanometers. Tapping mode AFM has been employed to analyze the topography of these steps at high resolution. This method has also allowed accurate measurement of the kinetics of the deposition of plasma polymer films over a range of exposure times. XPS analysis of different substrate surfaces following mask removal found barely detectable residues, suggesting that the underlying surface chemistry remains unchanged, and accessible for further modification. In combination with quartz crystal microgravimetry, the method has been applied to the measurement of the density of plasma polymer coatings in the thickness range 4–50 nm.