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以三氯化硼、六甲基二硅氮烷为起始原料, 采用一步法合成了一种新型含硅氮化硼陶瓷纤维先驱体——含硅聚硼氮烷. 该法合成工艺简单, 且合成收率约为87%(质量分数). 采用元素分析、傅立叶红外光谱、核磁共振波谱、热机械分析、动态流变分析等对含硅聚硼氮烷的组成、结构和性能进行了表征. 结果表明, N—B为含硅聚硼氮烷先驱体的骨架结构, 其中, B, N主要以硼氮六环形式存在, 而Si则以Si—CH3, Si—N形式存在. 该先驱体软化点为110 ℃, 具有优良的成型性, 在190 ℃的N2气氛中可纺丝得到20~25 μm的有机纤维. 相似文献
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紫外光固化含硼氮六环的硅硼氮碳烷陶瓷单源先驱体的合成、表征及性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以氯甲基三氯硅烷、三氯化硼和六甲基二硅氮烷为原料经过一步法合成出一种新型的端基为Si-Cl 基团的含硼氮六环的硼硅氮碳烷单体: B,B',B"-三[(三氯硅基)-亚甲基]环硼氮烷(TSMB), 用2-羟基丙烯酸乙酯和乙烯基乙二醇醚对TSMB 进行功能化改性, 得到可UV 固化的陶瓷单源先驱体a-TSMB 和e-TSMB; a-TSMB 和e-TSMB 经UV 固化、1400℃下裂解2 h 最后制备出陶瓷材料C1 和C2. 采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振波谱(NMR)、等温差示光量热分析(DPC)、实时红外光谱(RT-IR)、热失重分析(TGA)、X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X 射线衍射法(XRD)分别对TSMB, e-TSMB 和a-TSMB 以及陶瓷C1 和C2 的结构、组成、UV 反应性、陶瓷产率和耐高温性能进行了研究. 结果表明: a-TSMB 和e-TSMB 两种陶瓷单源先驱体分子中含有硼氮六环结构, 分子末端为丙烯酸酯或乙烯基醚官能团, 与理论设计完全相符; a-TSMB 和e-TSMB 的光聚合反应在25 s 内分别完成82%和67%, 最终双键转化率可达到90.0%和74.0%, 其陶瓷产率在1300 ℃时为57.9%和48.5%; 陶瓷材料C1 和C2 中含有Si, B, C, N, O 五种元素, 且B 元素的含量达到4.4%和4.9%, 达到耐高温陶瓷对B 元素含量的要求, 在1400 ℃时陶瓷C1 和C2 均可保持非晶态具有优异的耐高温性能. 相似文献
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聚合物先驱体转化法作为制备SiBCN陶瓷及其复合材料的重要途径,具有成型温度低、产物结构和组成可控等优点.设计合成合适的聚合物先驱体是提高陶瓷产率和性能的关键因素之一,本文采用三氯环硼氮烷(TCB)与乙炔基氯化镁进行反应,合成了乙炔基环硼氮烷,进而与二氯硅烷和二氯甲基乙烯基硅烷进行共氨解反应,制备了聚硼硅氮烷先驱体(PBSZ)并进行了高温裂解.采用综合热分析(TG-DSG)对其陶瓷化过程进行了分析,并采用XRD和SEM对陶瓷化产物的结构进行了表征.PBSZ在室温下是液态,易溶于二氯甲烷和氯仿等溶剂,可加工性优良.基于PBSZ先驱体的SiBCN陶瓷产率超过80%;陶瓷化产物在1400℃以下为无定形状态,在1500℃可形成由α-Si3N4,β-Si3N4,h-BN和SiO2晶体结构组成的陶瓷;陶瓷产物表面致密平整且具有优异的热稳定性和氧化性能,表明聚硼硅氮烷(PBSZ)有望成为高陶瓷产率和高性能陶瓷的重要先驱体. 相似文献
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以低活性含硅聚硼氮烷为先驱体,经熔融纺丝,BCl3脱硅不熔化处理以及在氨气气氛中高温裂解制备的氮化硼纤维仍含有硅元素,这主要是含硅聚硼氮烷结构中的B-N(SiMe3)2和B-N(SiMe3)-B由于位阻与BCl3反应脱除SiMe3不完全所致.而采用HCl首先与含硅聚硼氮烷反应减少其位阻,再通过BCl3进一步脱硅不熔化处理制备的氮化硼陶瓷纤维经FT-IR、X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明纤维基本不含硅元素,并且扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表明得到的氮化硼陶瓷纤维直径约为11μm,断面致密无孔,室温下抗拉强度为0.45GPa. 相似文献
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甲胺/二甲胺共取代合成氮化硼先驱体聚硼氮烷 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将三氯环硼氮烷(TCB)与甲胺/二甲胺进行共胺解取代反应, 首先制得了不同胺基的取代单体, 经过进一步热聚合反应合成了聚硼氮烷先驱体. 通过对不同单体的聚合产物组成与结构分析, 探讨了不同取代基对热聚合反应及产物结构的影响. 研究表明, 当控制甲胺/二甲胺摩尔比为1∶2, 聚合温度180 ℃, 获得的聚硼氮烷数均分子量为7603, 分子量分散系数为1.80, 熔点为83 ℃, 组成为BC0.76N1.39H2.5, 该聚合物具有近似线性分子结构, 表现出优良的可纺性, 可制得平均直径10~15 μm的先驱体纤维, 为制备氮化硼纤维奠定了基础. 相似文献
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以三氯化硼和甲基氢二氯硅烷为原料,采用共氨解的方式合成了聚硼硅氮烷前驱体,并采用核磁共振波谱仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪、差式扫描量热仪、热重分析仪、光电子能谱、网络矢量分析仪等仪器对前驱体及其热解产物进行了表征。前驱体在1000 oC、氮气气氛下热解的陶瓷产率为71.1 %。在氨气气氛下热解可以有效降低热解产物中的碳含量,聚硼硅氮烷在900 oC氨气气氛下热解产物的碳含量低于1 %,并且该热解产物具有高的结晶温度、良好的抗氧化性能和介电性能,有望用于耐高温陶瓷基透波复合材料。 相似文献
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以二氯甲基硅烷、三氯化硼、六甲基二硅氮烷为起始原料,采用缩聚法合成了新型SiBNC陶瓷前驱体--聚硼硅氮烷(PBSZ),其产率达90%. 通过调节二氯甲基硅烷的用量可获得不同软化点的前驱体. 采用改进的毛细管流变仪,首次对熔融纺丝状态时PBSZ的流变特性进行了研究. 结果表明,PBSZ熔融纺丝时,剪切速率在10~110 s~(-1)范围内时,为切力变稀流体,非牛顿指数为0.83~0.90,表观粘度为440~2 460 Pa·s,粘流活化能约为142 kJ/mol. PBSZ纺丝性能良好,纤维连续无断头长度>1 600 m,纤维直径<20 μm. 相似文献
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先驱体转化法制备高性能Si-B-N陶瓷纤维 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以聚硼硅氮烷为先驱体, 经熔融纺丝、不熔化处理以及在氨气气氛中高温裂解制备了Si-B-N陶瓷纤维. 利用元素分析、FTIR、XRD、SEM和波导法等对纤维的组成结构和性能进行了表征. 结果表明: Si-B-N纤维的组成为Si1.13BN2.47, 室温下纤维的抗拉强度为1.8 GPa, 弹性模量为196 GPa; 纤维具有很好的高温稳定性, 在惰性气氛中可以保持非晶状态至1700 ℃, 加热至1850 ℃结晶, 形成Si3N4和BN等相. 同时, 纤维表现出优良的介电性能, 室温下, 在测试频率为2~18 GHz时, 其平均介电常数和介电损耗角正切值分别为3.68和0.0042. 该纤维有望成为新型耐高温透波复合材料的候选增强材料. 相似文献
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The goal of this investigation was to optimize the synthesis of silazane-based polymers for processing fibre-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Liquid oligomeric silazanes were synthesized by ammonolysis of chlorosilanes and characterized spectroscopi- cally (FTIR, NMR) as well as by elemental analysis. The silazanes were obtained in high yield and purity. Different functional groups (system S1: Si—H, Si—CH3, Si—CH=CH2) and different degrees of branching in the Si—N backbone [system S2; Si(NH)3, Si(NH)2] were realized in order to study the properties of the silazanes that are dependent on the molecular structure. For processing ceramics via pyrolysis of pre-ceramic oligomers, molecular weight, rheological behaviour, thermosetting and ceramic yield were investigated systematically and correlated with the molecular structure of the silazanes. Low molecular weights (500–1000 g mol−1) as well as low viscosity values (0.1–20 Pa s) enable processing of the silazanes in the liquid phase without any solvent. Due to the latent reactivity of the functional groups, curing of the polymers via hydrosilylation is achieved. Structural changes and weight loss during polymer curing as well as the organic/inorganic transition were monitored by FTIR spectroscopy and differential thermogravimetric analysis. With increasing temperature (room temperature to 800 °C) the hydrogen content decreases from 7 to < 0.5 wt% due to the formation of gaseous molecules (NH3, CH4, H2). High ceramic yields up to 80% were reached by branching the oligomers, thus reducing the amount of volatile precursor fragments. Up to 1300 °C, ceramic materials remained amorphous to X-rays. At higher temperatures (1400–1800 °C) either SiC or SiC/Si3N4 composites were selectively crystallized, depending on the pyrolysis conditions. The utility of the optimized precursors for CMCs has been demonstrated by infiltration of fibre preforms and subsequent pyrolysis. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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ZhiMinZHENG YongMingLI YongMingLUO ShunXingSU ZhiJieZHANG ShiYanYANG WeiGAO ZeMinXIE 《中国化学快报》2003,14(12):1249-1252
A new kind of polytitanosilazane precursor PTSZ for Si/C/N/Ti-based ceramic was synthesized from the condensation reaction of silazane lithium salt and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). The results indicated that the ceramic yield of PTSZ was much higher than that of corresponding silazane oligomer. 相似文献
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As a valuable ultra‐high‐temperature ceramic (UHTC), ZrC was introduced to SiC ceramic for the preparation of high‐temperature‐resistant ZrC/SiC composite by a polymer‐derived method through the reaction between Cp2Zr(CH=CH2)2 and polymethylsilane (PMS). The composition, structure, element distribution and pyrolysis process of the preceramic polymer polyzirconomethylsilane (PZMS) were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, gel permeation chromatography, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained ZrC/SiC ceramic composites had very good high‐temperature resistance with a weight loss of 7.1% after being subjected to temperatures ranging from 1200 to 2200°C, as the introduction of ZrC prevented the fast growth of crystalline β‐SiC. The ceramic composites prepared by this method were homogeneous with well‐distributed element components, and the ceramic yield reached as high as 78.4%. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献