一种SO2固定及用于制备BaSO3或BaSO4的方法

在常温常压下,由乙二胺（EDA）和乙二醇及其衍生物（EGs）组成的混合体系可捕集SO₂并转化为一种SO₂储集材料（SO₂SM）。EDA+EGs体系呈现了强的捕集性能（0.364~0.662 g_SO2·g_absorbent^-1）。FTIR,XPS和XRD结果确证了SO₂SM为一种烷基亚硫酸盐。以EG-SO₂SM为原料制备具有多种形貌的BaSO₃或BaSO₄,在此过程中,EG-SO₂SM不仅提供了原材料,而且可以释放EDA和EG用作表面活性剂,调控晶体的结晶化过程。     

一种SO2固定及用于制备BaSO3或BaSO4的方法

在常温常压下,由乙二胺（EDA）和乙二醇及其衍生物（EGs）组成的混合体系可捕集SO₂并转化为一种SO₂储集材料（SO₂SM）。EDA+EGs体系呈现了强的捕集性能（0.364~0.662 g_SO2·gabsorbent^-1）。FTIR,XPS和XRD结果确证了SO₂SM为一种烷基亚硫酸盐。以EG-SO₂SM为原料制备具有多种形貌的BaSO₃或BaSO₄,在此过程中,EG-SO₂SM不仅提供了原材料,而且可以释放EDA和EG用作表面活性剂,调控晶体的结晶化过程。     

Potential energy surfaces for low-lying electronic states of SO2

The potential energy surfaces for the nine low-lying electronic states of SO₂ have been constructed by using the multi-reference second order perturbation theory (MRPT2) with the basis set cc-pVTZ. The optimized geometries and the adiabatic excitation energies of these states are in good agreement with experiments and previous calculations. The crossings and avoided crossings displayed in the potential energy surfaces are expounded.     

SO42-改性后的TiO2(锐钛和/或金红石)表面上MoO3的分散性质研究

采用红外(IR)、拉曼(Raman)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、程序升温还原(TPR)等方法考察了经硫酸根改性后的金红石(SR)与锐钛矿(SA)的混合比例变化时的负载型催化剂，MoO₃ / TiO₂(SR+SA)，的一些物理化学性质(如活性组分MoO₃的分散行为、表面酸碱性、氧化还原性)的变化规律。结果表明：对于MoO₃ / TiO₂(SR+SA)样品，低含量MoO₃表面分散时倾向于优先与混合载体中的改性金红石(SR)发生作用；TiO₂载体表面SO₄^2-的存在，使得载体表面产生了新的酸性位，导致样品中表面分散的钼物种主要以聚合八面体状态存在。     

十二烷基硫酸钠为模板制备ZnO纳米管新方法的研究

自从1991年日本科学家Iijim a发现碳纳米管以来,在纳米管制备和理论方面的研究引起了广泛的关注[1]。管状、线状、棒状、带状、针状等一维纳米结构已成为世界各国研究人员关注的焦点[2￣6]。究其原因在于其特殊的物理性质,对于纳米领域的基础研究有新的启发作用,这些一维纳米结     

Spectroscopic properties of guanidinium zinc sulphate [C(NH2)3]2Zn(SO4)2 and ab initio calculations of [C(NH2)3]2 and HC(NH2)3

Raman and FTIR spectra of guanidinium zinc sulphate [C(NH₂)₃]₂Zn(SO₄)₂ are recorded and the spectral bands assignment is carried out in terms of the fundamental modes of vibration of the guanidinium cations and sulphate anions. The analysis of the spectrum reveals distorted SO₄²⁻ tetrahedra with distinct S–O bonds. The distortion of the sulphate tetrahedra is attributed to Zn–O–S–O–Zn bridging in the structure as well as hydrogen bonding. The CN₃ group is planar which is expressed in the twofold symmetry along the C–N (1) vector. Spectral studies also reveal the presence of hydrogen bonds in the sample. The vibrational frequencies of [C(NH₂)₃]₂ and HC(NH₂)₃ are computed using Gaussian 03 with HF/6-31G* as basis set.     

SO2 absorption of the CO2- laser emission measured by the photoacoustic technique

Spectra of coincidence of SO₂ IR absorption with CO₂-laser emission at pressure of 50,100 and 450 Torr were recorded by the use of a photoacoustic detection method in the whole range of CO₂-laser emission. The spectra show that SO₂ absorbs many CO₂-laser lines in the range 1084–1071 cm⁻¹ with the strongest absorption at 1082.29cm⁻¹, laser line R(26). The intensities of all absorptions rise with increasing pressure, but some absorptions change their relative intensity with respect to one another. In addition, the fine structure of line spectra, characteristic of lower pressure samples, disappear as pressure is increased.     

锐钛相介孔SO42-/TiO2的声化学制备及结构和催化酯化性能

不使用有机模板剂,采用超声化学法一步水解制得吸附硫酸根的介孔偏钛酸,500℃焙烧得到介孔SO2-4/TiO2固体超强酸.用XRD、TFEM、FTIR、低温氮吸附-脱附等手段对催化剂结构进行了表征.结果表明,硫酸根在焙烧过程中与前驱体介孔偏钛酸孔壁上自由羟基的键合起到了孔结构导向及支撑作用,500℃焙烧后样品具有161 m2·g-1的比表面积及4.1 nm的平均孔径,酸强度H0介于-14.52与-16.02之间,硫含量为2.8%,晶型全部为锐钛矿相,介孔SO2-4/TiO2具有较大比表面、强酸特性和稳定性.催化合成富马酸二甲酯的最佳条件为:n(甲醇):n(富马酸)=6:1,催化剂用量为1.0%(反应物总质量),带水剂苯用量为10 mL,反应时间为3 h,催化剂重复使用7次,酯化率大于90%.     

Raman spectroscopic study of K3H(SO4)2 (phases I and II) single crystals

A Raman study of K₃H(SO₄)₂ as a function of temperature reveals that this compound undergoes a phase transition at T_c = 483 K prior to the decomposition at 508 K.     

纳米复合固体超强酸SO42-/CoFe2O4的制备和表征

采用纳米化学制备技术合成了新型的纳米复合固体超强酸催化剂ＳＯ４＾２－／ＣｏＦｅ２Ｏ４。用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＸＰＳ、红外光谱和比表面测定等技术研究了该催化剂的结构形态,结果表明：所研制的ＳＯ４＾２－／ＣｏＦｅ２Ｏ４２催化剂为晶态纳米粒子（〈５０ｎｍ）,比表面积很大（１５７ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１）,ＳＯ４＾２－与氧化物的金属离子呈无机齿螯合状配位化合物的结合形式。以乙酸乙酯合成为模型反应考究了该催化剂的催化活     

Development and validation of passive samplers for atmospheric monitoring of SO2, NO2, O3 and H2S in tropical areas

Traditionally the monitoring of atmospheric pollutants is aimed at managing accidents and short-term actions for the protection of human health on local and regional scales. These monitoring networks required continuous measurements with high time resolution, involving costly equipment, operation and maintenance. More recent simulations with mathematical models and scenario-building on regional, continental and global scales, as well as studies of environmental personal exposure are demanding three main types of monitoring design, where need for special resolution surpasses the one of temporal resolution: remote places, where no electric power nor trained human resources are available; validation of dispersion simulation by mathematical modeling on regional to larger scales; indoor measurements where people are acting under noise restriction such as residences, school and hospitals. To meet these demands environmental passive samplers for atmospheric gaseous pollutants have been developed and applied for different situations and environments of Brazil. Passive samplers were developed based on molecular diffusion of gas through a static layer of air with fixed filters impregnated with a specific solution for SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and H₂S and used in the following situations: in remote forest area, urban areas with different characteristics - near the sea, with clean ocean air masses coming in and in areas under direct industrial influence. The passive samplers showed good performance when exposed to different types of areas and during different periods: accuracy of measurements, based on standard deviation, were within the recommended limit by the European Union of ± 25% for this type of device and precision below the maximum of 20% cited in the literature, with variation of 2.0 to 16% in the case of these work. The passive devices were able of measuring concentrations very low as those found in the Amazon region (0.58 ± 0.05 µg m^− 3 SO₂ and 1.10 ± 0.07 µg m^− 3 NO₂) and higher concentrations in industrial areas (20.0 ± 1.3 µg m^− 3 SO₂ e 21.0 ± 1.3 µg m^− 3 NO₂).     

Study of the vibrational spectra of SO2, H2O and D2O using the U(4) algebraic model

Using the U(4) algebraic model, in this work we report a study of the vibrational spectra of SO₂, H₂0¹⁸ and D₂O¹⁶. The inclusion of intermode couplings in algebraic models has been stated to give a deep insight into detailed spectroscopy for these bent XY₂ molecules. Improved set of algebraic parameters has been reported to provide improved RMS deviations for these molecules.     

Comparative Studies on the Deactivation and Regeneration of TiO2 Nanoparticles in Three Photocatalytic Oxidation Systems: C7H16, SO2, and C7H16-SO2

Three photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) systems: C₇H₁₆-O₂, SO₂-O₂ and C₇H₁₆-SO₂-O₂ were carried out with the aid of UV-illuminated TiO₂ nanoparticles at room temperature in a batch reactor. In C₇H₁₆-O₂-TiO₂ system, no catalyst deactivation was observed, while for SO₂-O₂-TiO₂ and C₇H₁₆-SO₂-O₂-TiO₂ systems, the photocatalytic activity of used TiO₂ powder showed decreasing and eventually no activity after used consecutively. The reaction products such as sulfur trioxide or sulfuric acid adsorbed onto the surface of TiO₂ catalyst were poisoning species. Photocatalytic activity of the deactivated TiO₂ powder could be regenerated by sonicating treatment with water and methanol for the two systems, respectively.     

Interaction of SO2 with O2 over mixed Pt, Pd, Pt?Pd and Pt?Ru oxidation catalysts and combined treatment of automobile exhaust gases

TPD, XPS IR methods were used to study how the composition of mixed Pt and Pd contacts over Al₂O₃ affects the nature of SO₂ complexes formed in the presence of O₂. Two types of sulfates of different structure and binding strength are formed in SO₂ oxidation by oxygen over Pt and Pd contacts. Introducing elements such as Co and Cr into the composition, one can significantly reduce the formation of weakly binding sulfate-1 as well as sulfate-2 too.     

Preparation of 1,4,5,8-tetra-tert-butyl-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene by twofold SO2 extrusion

Oxidation of cis-1-transoid-1,2-cis-2-3,4,7,8-tetra-tert-butyl-9,10-dithiatricyclo[4.2.1.1^2,5]deca-3,7-diene 9,10-dioxide (2) by dimethyldioxirane gave the corresponding tetraoxide 4 quantitatively, which in turn provided 1,4,5,8-tetra-tert-butyl-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene (6a) quantitatively by twofold thermal SO₂ extrusion. The molecular structure of 6a is described on the basis of DFT calculations (B3LYP/6-31G(d) level) and X-ray crystallographic analysis.     

Pilot-plant for NOx, SO2 and HC removal from flue-gas of municipal waste incinerator by electron beam irradiation

According to the basic research performed using a small size reactor at TRCRE of JAERI, the electron beam irradiation process was proved to be very effective for NO_x, SO₂ and HC removals from flue-gas of municipal waste incinerators. Based on this result, a pilot-plant was constructed for the demonstration of NO_x, SO₂ and HC removal performance using electron accelerator of maximum energy 0.95 MeV and maximum power 15kW.The pilot-plant was constructed at Matsudo City waste Disposal Center. The flue-gas of 1,000 Nm³/hr is guided from the waste incinerator flue-gas line of 30,000Nm³/hr to the pilot-plant to be processed by spraying Ca(OH)₂ slurry or powder and irradiation with high-energy electron beam of the accelerator. NO_x, SO₂ and HC are removed simultaneously from the flue-gas by the enhanced reaction with Ca (OH)₂ under irradiation.A brief explanation of the pilot-plant and preliminary results of the experiments are introduced in this paper.     

纳米复合固体超强酸SO42-/ZnFe2O4的制备与催化合成癸二酸二乙酯的研究

以硫酸盐为原料,添加NaOH和NaHCO₃以制备出碱式碳酸盐前驱体,合成出新型的纳米固体超强酸催化剂SO₄^2-/ZnFe₂O₄,经XRD、BET、IR等检测,粒径为35nm,比表面积很大(137m^2-1),粒度均匀。首次以该固体酸为催化剂,癸二酸和无水乙醇为原料合成癸二酸二乙酯,考察了影响反应的因素。结果表明,醇酸摩尔比为4.0∶1,催化剂用量为1.0g(癸二酸0.1mol),带水剂苯15mL,反应时间2.5h是最佳反应条件,酯化率可达91%,并推断出该催化剂的酸强度-16.02< H_o< -14.52.     

Cu/SO42-/La2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂的制备及其对C3H6选择还原NO的催化性能

以Al₂O₃为基质，添加ZrO₂和La₂O₃，制成La₂O₃-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃复合载体，然后采用SO₄^2-进行改性，再负载上Cu²⁺，制备了铜基SO₄^2-改性的复合载体催化剂(Cu/SO₄^2-/La₂O₃-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃)。考察了它在富氧条件下对丙烯选择还原NO的催化性能，并借助XRD、SEM、TG、Py-IR、NH₃-TPD、FTIR和TPR等方法研究了Cu/SO₄^2-/La₂O₃-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃的结构和性能的关系。结果表明，ZrO₂的加入主要有利于提高催化剂的低温活性；La₂O₃的加入则主要有利于提高催化剂的热稳定性和还原性能；SO₄^2-能够与Zr形成螯合双配位结构，大幅度促使催化剂表面酸量增加并且酸性增强；因此，有效地提高了Cu/SO₄^2-/La₂O₃-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃在富氧条件下对丙烯选择还原NO的催化活性和水热稳定性。在无水条件下，Cu/SO₄^2-/La₂O₃-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃能使NO的最大转化率高达84.3%，即使在275 ℃ 10%水蒸气存在的情况下，仍能使NO的转化率高达81.2%。