分离变量法与哈密尔顿体系

数学物理与力学中用分离变量法求解偏微分方程经常导致自共轭算子的sturmLiouville问题,在此基础上而得以展开求解。然而在应用中有大量问题并不能导致自共轭算子。本文通过最小势能变分原理,选用状态变量及其对偶变量,导向一般变分原理。利用结构力学与最优控制的模拟理论,导向哈密尔顿体系。将有限维的理论推广到相应的哈密尔顿算子矩阵及共轭辛矩阵代数的理论。拓广了经典的分离变量法,证明了全状态本征函数向量的共轭辛正交归一性质及按本征函数向量展开的理论。以条形板为例,说明了应用。     

陀螺系统与反对称矩阵辛本征解的计算

用状态向量法,引出陀螺线性系统的广义本征问题,证明了本征向量之间的加权共轭辛正交关系,以及用本征向量对任意状态向量的展开定理。运用反对称矩阵胞块组成的LDL~T分解,将本征方程导向辛本征问题的标准型。这套方法适用于陀螺系统K阵不正定的情形。对于辛本征问题用SH变换将矩阵化为半边三对角线胞块阵或三对角线胞块阵,然后再求解其全部本征解。为陀螺系统的模态分析打下了基础。     

哈密尔顿系统的连续有限元法及守恒性

利用常微分方程的连续有限元法,证明了线性哈密尔顿系统的连续一、二、三次有限元法为辛算法;对非线性哈密尔顿系统,本文证明了连续一次有限元在3阶量意义下近似保辛,且保持能量守恒,并在数值计算上探讨了守恒性和近似程度,结果与理论相吻合.     

线性哈密顿系统的本征摄动法

利用哈密顿算子辛自共轭的特点讨论了保守哈密顿体系的摄动问题,给出了哈密顿矩阵的本征值与本征向量的二阶摄动分析方法。即当系统在哈密顿框架下进行较小修改时,不重复求解大型哈密顿矩阵的本征问题,只需在原系统的模态参数基础上进行模态分析即可,这种矩阵摄动法给出了修改后矩阵的二阶本征值和本征向量,为一般线性保守体系的本征摄动求解提出了一个新方法。     

拟协调有限元弱形式的辛算法

基于弱形式的力学方程,阐述了弱形式广义方程是拟协调有限元的内在本质,用弱形式给出的微分方程和边界条件根本上是降低了函数光滑性,不过对工程问题而言,给出的有限元解比原始方程更接近真实解,其数值解就是广义协调方程的直接解,同时满足平衡和几何方程弱连续条件。进而就导出的对偶体系弱形式哈密尔顿方程,采用辛相似变换,利用平方约化法求解哈密尔顿矩阵特征值问题,使其哈密尔顿结构得到了保证。辛算法具有较强的有效性,可以解决常规有限元难以适应的领域,对计算力学发展有着重要的作用。     

奇异Hamilton系统矩阵的精细积分法

常规位移有限元的结构振动方程是n个二阶常微分方程组.采用一般交分原理推导,将结构振动问题引入Hamiltoil体系,将得到2n个一阶常微分方程组.精细积分法宜于处理一阶方程,应用于线性定常结构动力问题求解,可以得到在数值上逼近精确解的结果.对于非齐次动力方程,当结构具有刚体位移时,系统矩阵将出现奇异.本文借鉴全元选大元高斯-约当法求解线性方程组的经验,提出全元选大元法求奇异矩阵零本征解的方法,该方法可以简便快速地寻求奇异矩阵零本征值对应的子空间.利用Hamiltoil体系已有研究成果及Hamilton系统的共轭辛正交归一关系,迅速将零本征值对应的子空间分离出来,通过投影排除奇异部分,然后用精细积分法求得问题的解.数值算例表明,该方法对Hamilton系统奇异问题,处理方便,计算量小,易于实现,同时保持了精细算法的优点.     

离散LQ控制问题的本征解

本文分析了在线性二次型方程变分原理基础上所提出的时间为逆向的第二代数里卡提方程,以及对于二个代数里卡提方程的解矩阵S与T~[5],提出了根据T与S可以组成正则变换阵,通过相似变换可以将原传递矩阵分块对角化,原有的本征值问题可以自然地划分成为二个尺度为一半的本征值问题。本文对于这二组本征对方程指出了其特性,给出了其相互关系,并推出了简洁的方程,这为以后在实际数值计算,展开解法,有约束问题等多方面的课题作出了数学理论方面的准备。     

退化系统本征值、本征向量的摄动计算

本文通过估计参数改变后相重(或相近)本征值对应的本征向量的可能方向,给出了退化系统本征值、本征向量的摄动计算方法.     

基于哈密尔顿体系的裂纹尖端应力奇性分析及计量

对弹性平面扇形域问题,将径向坐标模拟成时间坐标,通过适当的变换,将扇形域问题导向哈密尔顿体系,利用分离变量法及本征函数向量展开等方法,推导出裂纹尖端的应力奇性解的计算公式,结合变分原理,提出一种解决应力奇性计算的断裂分析元,将此分析元与有限元法相结合,可以进行某些断裂力学或复合材料等应力奇性问题的计算及分析,数值计算结果表明,该方法具有精度高,使用十分方便,灵活等优点,是哈密尔顿体系和辛数学优越性的一次具体体现。     

功能梯度材料平面问题的辛弹性力学解法

将辛弹性力学解法推广用于功能梯度材料平面问题的分析,考虑沿长度方向弹性模量为指数函数变化而泊松比为常数的矩形域平面弹性问题,给出了具体的求解步骤. 提出了移位Hamilton矩阵的新概念,建立起相应的辛共轭正交关系;导出了对应特殊本征值的本征解,发现材料的非均匀特性使特殊本征解的形式发生明显的变化.      

Hamilton体系下环扇形域的Stokes流动问题

基于极坐标下Stokes流的基本方程,将径向坐标模拟为时间坐标,推导了Hamilton体系下Stokes流动问题的对偶方程,采用本征向量展开法对环扇形域Stokes流动问题进行了分析,并给出了相应的实际算例,其结果说明了本文方法的有效性。     

Completeness of system of root vectors of upper triangular infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian operators appearing in elasticity theory

This paper deals with a class of upper triangular infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian operators appearing in the elasticity theory.The geometric multiplicity and algebraic index of the eigenvalue are investigated.Furthermore,the algebraic multiplicity of the eigenvalue is obtained.Based on these properties,the concrete completeness formulation of the system of eigenvectors or root vectors of the Hamiltonian operator is proposed.It is shown that the completeness is determined by the system of eigenvectors of the operator entries.Finally,the applications of the results to some problems in the elasticity theory are presented.     

ON THE STABILITY BOUNDARY OF HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS

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On the stability boundary of hamiltonian systems

The criterion for the points in the parameter space being on the stability boundary of linear Hamiltonian system depending on arbitrary numbers of parameters was given, through the sensitivity analysis of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The results show that multiple eigenvalues with Jordan chain take a very important role in the stability of Hamiltonian systems. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10072012); the National Natural Science Foundation of Russia Biography: QI Zhao-hui (1964-)     

Computing the eigenvectors of a matrix with multiplex eigenvalues by SVD method

Every matrix is similar to a matrix in Jordan canonical form, which has very important sense in the theory of linear algebra and its engineering application. For a matrix with multiplex eigenvalues , an algorithm based on the singular value decomposition ( SVD ) for computing its eigenvectors and Jordan canonical form was proposed. Numerical simulation shows that this algorithm has good effect in computing the eigenvectors and its Jordan canonical form of a matrix with multiplex eigenvalues. It is superior to MATLAB and MATHEMAtICA.     

Second-order sensitivity of eigenpairs in multiple parameter structures

This paper presents methods for computing a second-order sensitivity matrix and the Hessian matrix of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of multiple parameter structures. Second-order perturbations of eigenvalues and eigenvectors are transformed into multiple parameter forms,and the second-order perturbation sensitivity matrices of eigenvalues and eigenvectors are developed.With these formulations,the efficient methods based on the second-order Taylor expansion and second-order perturbation are obtained to estimate changes of eigenvalues and eigenvectors when the design parameters are changed. The presented method avoids direct differential operation,and thus reduces difficulty for computing the second-order sensitivity matrices of eigenpairs.A numerical example is given to demonstrate application and accuracy of the proposed method.     

Hamiltonian principle based stress singularity analysis near crack corners of multi-material junctions

This paper presents a new method for the stress singularity analysis near the crack corners of a multi-material junctions. The stress singularities near the crack corners of multi-dissimilar isotropic elastic material junctions are studied analytically in terms of the methods developed in Hamiltonian system. The governing equations of plane elasticity in a sectorial domain are derived in Hamiltonian form via variable substitution and variational principle respectively. Both of the methods of global state variable separation and symplectic eigenfunction expansion are used to find the analytical solution of the problem. The relationships among the state vectors in different material spaces are obtained by means of coordinate transformation and consistent conditions between the two adjacent domains. The expression of the original problem is thus changed into a new form where the solutions of symplectic generalized eigenvalues and eigenvectors are needed. The closed form of expressions is established for the stress singularity analysis near the corner with arbitrary vertex angles. Numerical results are presented with several chosen angles and multi-material constants. To show the potential of the new method proposed, a semi-analytical finite element is furthermore developed for the numerical analysis of crack problems.     

High order symplectic conservative perturbation method for time-varying Hamiltonian system

This paper presents a high order symplectic conservative perturbation method for linear time-varying Hamiltonian system.Firstly,the dynamic equation of Hamiltonian system is gradually changed into a high order perturbation equation,which is solved approximately by resolving the Hamiltonian coefficient matrix into a "major component" and a "high order small quantity" and using perturbation transformation technique,then the solution to the original equation of Hamiltonian system is determined through a series of inverse transform.Because the transfer matrix determined by the method in this paper is the product of a series of exponential matrixes,the transfer matrix is a symplectic matrix;furthermore,the exponential matrices can be calculated accurately by the precise time integration method,so the method presented in this paper has fine accuracy,efficiency and stability.The examples show that the proposed method can also give good results even though a large time step is selected,and with the increase of the perturbation order,the perturbation solutions tend to exact solutions rapidly.     

On the effects of desired damping matrix and desired Hamiltonian function in the matching equation for Port–Hamiltonian systems

This paper investigates the effects of desired damping matrix and desired Hamiltonian function in the matching equation for Port–Hamiltonian (PH) systems. Once the desired Hamiltonian function is chosen, if the desired damping matrix is large enough, the convergence speed of the control law asymptotically stabilizing the PH system works more quickly. On the other hand, the desired Hamiltonian function can be replaced by a new desired energy function, which is also effective in energy-shaping. Finally, a three-phase synchronous generator example is given to show the correctness of the above contents.