集成免疫磁珠富集和免疫层析的黄曲霉毒素M1快速检测法

以喷涂了检测抗原黄曲霉毒素M1-BSA和驴抗鼠二抗形成检测线和质控线的硝酸纤维膜制备免疫层析试纸条,采用EDC/NHS法制备偶联了抗黄曲霉毒素M1单克隆抗体的免疫磁珠。免疫磁珠与待检样本混合,经捕获、磁分离后,浓缩重悬液直接用免疫层析试纸条检测,首次建立了集浓缩样本与免疫层析于一体的黄曲霉毒素M1快速检测法。该方法用于检测原料乳中黄曲霉毒素M1,检出限为0.1μg/L,低于我国制定的黄曲霉毒素M1限量标准(0.5μg/L),与其它真菌毒素和原料乳中常检违法添加物无交叉反应,分析结果与酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)结果一致。本方法适合现场快速检测原料乳中黄曲霉毒素M1。     

基于免疫磁分离的荧光微球免疫层析法检测猪霍乱沙门氏菌

建立了基于免疫磁分离的荧光微球免疫层析法,检测猪霍乱沙门氏菌.待检样品经免疫磁分离富集和热洗脱处理后,用荧光微球免疫层析试纸条进行检测.每毫克纳米磁珠标记30μg抗体制备的免疫磁珠,对浓度为102 ～ 106 CFU/mL的猪霍乱沙门氏菌的捕获率均大于90％,特异性好;在pH=6时,以300μ,g/mg猪霍乱沙门氏菌单抗11D8-D4标记荧光微球,制备免疫荧光微球;以2.0 mg/mL猪霍乱沙门氏菌单抗5F11-B11喷涂检测线(T线),以1.0 mg/mL驴抗鼠IgG喷涂质控线(C线),制备免疫层析试纸条.采用建立的基于免疫磁分离的荧光微球免疫层析方法检测猪霍乱沙门氏菌,在PBS缓冲液中检出限为1.5×105 CFU/mL,牛奶中检出限为7.6×105 CFU/mL,与直接采用荧光微球免疫层析方法检测相比,检出限分别降低了10倍和200倍.本方法可有效富集牛奶中的沙门氏菌,避免了基质干扰,灵敏度大大提高,具有较好的应用前景.     

Fe3O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂的制备及其对Pb2+吸附性能

用乙二醇为溶剂,三氯化铁和尿素为起始反应试剂,柠檬酸为粒子表面修饰剂,通过一步溶剂热法制备Fe3 O4纳米粒子,然后以一定浓度配比的Na2 SO4与NaOH混合液为沉淀剂,通过沉淀聚合法制备Fe3 O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和物理特性测试仪(PPMS)表征样品的结构、形貌和磁性能,并使用原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)评价吸附剂对Pb2+的吸附去除性能。结果表明,Fe3O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂是由磁性Fe3O4纳米球形粒子和鱼卵状壳聚糖纳米粒子聚集体复合而成,该吸附剂对Pb2+有很好的吸附去除性能,它对Pb2+的等温吸附线符合Langmuir模型,在温度298k和pH值5时,吸附剂对Pb2+的饱和吸附量为105.5mg/g。     

α与β构型壳聚糖对Fe(Ⅲ)鳌合差异及对染料的吸附研究

以α及β两种构型的壳聚糖为研究对象,考察了其对Fe3+的鳌合性能差异,并制备了两种构型的壳聚糖-Fe(III)络合物吸附材料,用于染料污染物的吸附处理。研究结果表明,β-壳聚糖因分子链相互平行而分子间相互作用较弱,更易结合Fe3+,制得的壳聚糖-Fe(III)络合物吸附材料具有较好吸附性能,对于浓度为20 mg/L的染料污染物,5 min内即可达到吸附平衡,吸附容量可达578.88 mg/g。     

粮食中百草枯残留的金标免疫层析检测方法研究

采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,研究胶体金与抗体蛋白的作用过程,确定稳定标记1.0 mL胶体金需8.10μg抗体蛋白,标记体系的最佳pH值为8.5。以金标抗体为分析探针,PQ-h-OVA为竞争抗原,羊抗兔IgG为控制抗体,构建直接竞争胶体金标免疫层析检测体系(GICA)。确定膜上包被抗原的质量浓度为0.50 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条;金标点样量:5.0μL/条;羊抗兔二抗的最佳包被质量浓度为0.11 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条。金标试纸条的目测检出限为10μg/L,检测时间约5 min,交叉反应率小于0.10%。方法的重复性和稳定性较好,该试纸条在室温下至少可保存5个月。     

氟苯尼考胶体金免疫层析定量检测方法的建立

建立了定量检测氟苯尼考的胶体金免疫层析方法.对胶体金标记抗体时溶液pH和抗体浓度、金标抗体用量、检测线上抗原浓度以及检测时间进行了优化.采用胶体金试纸条读取仪测定试纸条检测线和质控线的信号强度,以标准品的浓度为横坐标,阳性样本和阴性样本的检测线/质控线的信号比值(Bx/B0)为纵坐标建立标准曲线.结果表明,胶体金免疫层析试纸定量检测氟苯尼考的线性范围为0.1~1.5 ng/mL,检出限为0.08 ng/mL,检测时间为15 min.本方法具有简便、快速和可定量等特点,适于大批量样品的现场筛查.     

磁固相萃取与胶体金免疫层析试纸条联用检测食品中氯霉素

本文建立了磁固相萃取前处理与胶体金免疫层析试纸条联用检测食品中氯霉素(CAP)的分析方法。蜂蜜和鸡蛋样品经磁固相萃取后,再用检测牛奶样品中CAP的胶体金免疫层析试纸条检测。结果表明:两者联用后使得只能用于检测牛奶样品中CAP的试纸条也能应用于蜂蜜和鸡蛋等样品,而且方法的检出限在蜂蜜和鸡蛋样品中低至0.2ng/g。该联用方法扩大了CAP试纸条的应用范围,同时降低了检测成本。     

胶体金免疫层析法快速检测腹泻性贝毒软海绵酸的研究

腹泻性贝毒是一类分布较广的赤潮毒素,严重威胁到人类的健康和安全。本文用胶体金标记利用细胞融合技术制备的抗软海绵酸单克隆抗体,使用卵清蛋白合成高偶联比的包被抗原,以硝酸纤维素膜为载体,利用免疫层析技术原理,建立了快速检测软海绵酸的免疫层析试纸条方法。方法检出限12 ng/mL(0.96纳克/条)。     

指纹汗液中吗啡的现场快速检测方法

本研究以经典的胶体金免疫侧向层析技术为基础,使用合理设计的加宽型试纸条直接采集指纹汗液,开发了一种简单、快速、便捷、可现场检测指纹汗液中吗啡的侧向层析试纸。对层析试纸制备过程中一系列影响检测灵敏度以及稳定性的参数优化后,设计的方法能够实现不需经过任何复杂的预处理,即可在10 min内通过指纹汗液检测出目标物吗啡,且其可视化灵敏度可低至20 pg,检测限为3.9 pg。研究结果表明,所建立的侧向免疫层析检测技术特异性良好,与同类型常见的其它毒品无交叉反应,可以成功应用于吸毒者快速、准确的现场筛查,适用于缉毒工作者的现场稽查。     

量子点荧光微球免疫层析试纸条定量检测恶性疟原虫

以羧基化Cd Te/Zn Se量子点荧光微球为荧光标记物,采用1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺(EDC)法偶联抗恶性疟原虫富组氨酸蛋白(Pf)单克隆抗体制备荧光探针;以羊抗恶性疟原虫组氨酸多克隆抗体和驴抗鼠二抗分别喷涂硝酸纤维膜,形成试纸条检测线和质控线,建立了免疫层析试纸条定量检测血清中恶性疟原虫的方法。所使用的羧基化量子点荧光微球的荧光强度为单个量子点的2800倍。实验结果表明,该荧光试纸条定量检测血清中恶性疟原虫线性范围为5.8~8010 Parasite/μL,最低灵敏度达到5.8 Parasite/μL,单个样品检测时间只需15 min。加标回收实验显示,试纸条批内回收率为93.0%~111.8%,批间回收率为98.3%~115.1%,且批内、批间的相对标准偏差均小于5%。     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate ?from CH3OH AND CO2 by H3PW12O40/CexTi1-xO2 catalyst

Summary Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ and H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method, and applied to the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ showed a better catalytic performance than the corresponding Ce_xTi_1-xO₂, due to the bifunctional catalysis of Br?nsted acid sites (provided by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) and base sites (provided by Ce_xTi_1-xO₂). H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_0.1Ti_0.9O₂ showed the highest catalytic performance among the H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts.     

Crystal structure of Na3PO4 · 12H2O

The crystal structure of trisodium monophosphate hemihydrate was determined. The space group is $\text{C2}\text{c}$ and a unit cell contains eight formula units. The unit cell dimensions of $\text{Na}{}_3\text{PO}{}_4\text{·}\text{1}\text{2}\text{H}{}_2\text{O}$ are a = 9.631(3), b = 5.416(2), c = 16.938(8) Å, β = 102.60(5)°. The final R value is 0.027 for a set of 1430 independent reflections. This atomic arrangement is mainly a three-dimensional network of distorted NaO₆ octahedra. The hydrogen bonding scheme is given.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

Visible light-sensitive yellow TiO2−xNx and Fe-N co-doped Ti1−yFeyO2−xNx anatase photocatalysts

Nitrogen substituted yellow colored anatase TiO_2−xN_x and Fe-N co-doped Ti_1−yFe_yO_2−xN_x have been easily synthesized by novel hydrazine method. White anatase TiO_2−δ and N/Fe-N-doped samples are semiconducting and the presence of ESR signals at g ∼1.994-2.0025 supports the oxygen vacancy and g∼4.3 indicates Fe³⁺ in the lattice. TiO_2−xN_x has higher conductivity than TiO_2−x and Fe/Fe-N-doped anatase and the UV absorption edge of white TiO_2−x extends in the visible region in N, Fe and Fe-N co-doped TiO₂, which show, respectively, two band gaps at ∼3.25/2.63, ∼3.31/2.44 and 2.8/2.44 eV. An activation energy of ∼1.8 eV is observed in Arrhenius log resistivity vs. 1/T plots for all samples. All TiO₂ and Fe-doped TiO₂ show low 2-propanol photodegradation activity but have significant NO photodestruction capability, both in UV and visible regions, while standard Degussa P-25 is incapable in destroying NO in the visible region The mid-gap levels that these N and Fe-N-doped TiO₂ consist may cause this discrepancy in their photocatalytic activities.     

LixZryOz三元化合物的制备及表征

采用高温固相法制备了4种高纯度晶相组成的LixZryOz三元化合物,研究了焙烧温度、时间、反应物的种类和初始反应物物质的量比对产物组成的影响,进一步用XRD、SEM及BET分析方法对产物的晶相结构、表面形貌及比表面积进行了表征.实验结果表明,Li2CO3与ZrO2在适当条件下可以合成得到单斜相Li3ZrO3;以LiOH替代Li2CO3,在适当条件下可以分别合成得到四方相Li2ZrO3和三斜/单斜相Li6Zr2O7;进一步以Zr(NO3)4·5H2O代替Zr02,可将单斜相Li6Zr2O7的制备时间由96 h缩短至24 h.SEM照片显示产物硬团聚明显,粒径分布在1～10μm间,BET分析表明样品比表面积处于1.0～9.0 m2·g-1间分布,反应过程中锂的过量以及长时间高温焙烧是引起产物粒径长大和产生硬团聚的主要原因.