微波消解动态反应池模式电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定卷烟纸中助燃剂含量

建立微波消解动态反应池模式电感耦合等离子体质谱法(DRC-ICP-MS)同时测定卷烟纸中钾、钠、镁含量的方法。卷烟纸试样经微波消解前处理后,注入电感耦合等离子体质谱仪检测分析,内标法定量。结果表明:钾、钠、镁的检出限分别为2.18、0.38和1.20μg/L,加标回收率为91.3%~106.2%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~4.9%。该方法消除多原子离子干扰效果强,简单、高效,数据稳定、准确,尤其适合大批量卷烟纸样品助燃剂含量的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析水产品中12种元素

建立微波消解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱法动态反应池模式对水产品中铅、铬、镉、铜、锌、砷、硒、锡、钾、镁、铁、锰12种重金属及微量元素的分析方法。研究表明:优化仪器条件、选择不受干扰的质量数、引入反应气甲烷,可有效消除多原子离子干扰,在线加入内标可对方法准确定量。12种元素的检出限均低于质量浓度50.0μg/L,在质量浓度2.0～2000.0μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,各元素加标回收率在84%～114%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)1.4%～8.8%之间,该方法适合水产品中多元素的同时分析,可用于水产品的质量控制和安全评价。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法与原子吸收光谱(AAS)法测定西洋参中的镉

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法与微波消解-原子吸收光谱(AAS)法测定西洋参中镉的方法。通过实验探讨了微波消解条件、仪器工作条件,并对电感耦合等离子体质谱法和原子吸收光谱法对西洋参中镉的测定进行了对比,研究发现电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定西洋参中镉的线性范围为0~100μg/L,检出限为0.16μg/L,相对标准偏差为2.5%,而原子吸收光谱法测定西洋参中镉的线性范围为0~20μg/L,检出限为0.30μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.1%,并使用国家标准物质对方法进行了验证。结果表明,两种方法都具有操作简单,准确度高,精密度好等特点,都能满足实验要求。     

超级微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定不同类型土壤中的镉

采用超级微波消解仪对样品进行前处理,对比不同消解体系的消解效果,选择合适的消解体系,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镉浓度,同时优化基体改进剂、灰化温度等工作参数,确定最佳的分析条件。探讨并建立超级微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定不同类型土壤镉含量的方法。在最优条件下,标准曲线在0～1.0μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999,检出限浓度为0.04μg/L,定量限浓度为0.12μg/L,方法准确度为94.5%～110%,相对标准偏差RSD为0.60%～5.4%,方法应用于不同类型土壤标准物质镉的测定,测得结果均在标准值范围内。方法简便快捷、准确高效、用酸量低、节约环保,便于在基层推广,适用于批量处理不同类型镉污染土壤样品。     

碱消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤和固体废物中六价铬

建立了一种碱消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤和固体废物中六价铬的方法,讨论了碱消解过程缓冲剂用量、消解液用量以及氯化镁用量对六价铬测定的影响以及考察了三价铬共存条件下对六价铬测定的干扰情况。采用碱消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤和固体废物中六价铬,具有操作简单、干扰少、精密度和准确度好等优点。当取样量为1.25 g样品,消解后定容至50 m L,方法用于测定土壤和固体废物中六价铬的检出限为4.0 mg/kg,实际样品的加标回收率范围为100.4%~105.5%。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中的钴

建立了微波消解一火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中钴的方法：用微波消解土壤、电热板加热驱酸的方法对土壤样品进行前处理,优化了微波消解条件。方法的加标回收率为93．0％～106．0％,检出限为3．0μg/g,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．1％～4．9％（n=6）。     

碱消解-离子色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱(IC-ICP-MS)法测定土壤中的六价铬

采用碱消解土壤溶液提取土壤溶液中的六价铬,用离子色谱(IC)进行分离,有效避免了高盐及焰色反应的干扰,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法进行检测。研究了消解液使用量、消解温度、消解时间等因素,测定结果和火焰原子吸收光谱(FAAS)法进行对比。结果表明,当称样量为5.0 g,消解液40.0 mL,磷酸缓冲溶液0.4 mL,无水氯化镁0.4 g,消解温度在90～95℃范围内消解0.75 h能保证土壤中六价铬的完全提取。方法检出限为0.01 mg/kg,相对标准偏差为3.5%,土壤标准物质的回收率为92.4%;与FAAS法(检出限0.35 mg/kg,精密度为6.3%)相比,检出限更低,精密度更好,抗干扰能力强;通过实际样品的测定结果统计学检验,两种方法结果无显著性差异;方法适用于土壤中低浓度六价铬的测定。     

微波密闭消解-ICP-MS－标准加入法测定矿石中金和银

建立了微波密闭消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)采用标准加入法测定矿石中痕量元素金和银。考察了微波试样消解、基体效应、质谱干扰,并进行了ICP离子源以及质谱仪检测条件和微波消解参数的最优化。以标准加入法消除复杂多变的矿石基体对分析信号的影响,干扰校正方程消除多原子离子等质谱重叠影响。本法测定矿石中金银结果表明:回收率为197Au 106%～113%、107Ag 95%～105%、 109Ag 93%～103%,相对标准偏差RSD <6%（n=8）,检测限197Au为10 ng/g、107Ag为3 ng/g、109Ag为6 ng/g。方法适用性强,可满足不同类型矿石中超痕量金银的测定,分析步骤少,操作简便,快捷准确     

微波辅助萃取-HG-AFS测定土壤中无机砷

采用微波辅助萃取分析物,联合原子荧光光谱技术,建立了微波辅助萃取-HG-AFS测定土壤中无机砷的分析方法。用正交试验设计结合单因素试验优化了样品粒度、萃取温度、萃取时间、固液比等微波萃取条件,研究了共存离子对无机砷测定的干扰情况。方法的线性范围为1.0~160.0μg/L,无机砷的检出限为0.20μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.3%,样品回收率为93.0%~98.5%。用本法分析3个不同产地有代表性土壤中无机砷量。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中的硫

利用微波消解仪消解土壤样品,采用电感藕合等离子体发射光谱仪测定土壤中硫的含量。以浓王水为消解试剂,对土壤样品进行微波消解,优化了王水用量,考察了微波消解条件、谱线干扰情况和仪器参数对硫灵敏度的影响。硫的质量浓度在0~40 mg/L范围内与光谱强度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9997,硫的检出限为0.053 mg/L。土壤中硫测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.54%~7.84%(n=7)。对六种土壤国家一级标准物质进行了测定,测定结果与推荐值相符,无显著性差异。该方法简便、准确,分析效率高,能够满足日常批量样品分析的要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.