聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇催化活性下降问题研究

本文研究了三相催化剂聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇在苯乙腈（ＰＡＮ）的α－丁基化反应中重复使用时催化活性下降的问题，比较了使用前后的红外光谱，发现催化剂使用后负载聚乙二醇的自由端羟基与正丁基结合形成醚，失去自由羟基，这是催化活性下降的主要原因。同时发现催化剂重复使用８次后负载的聚乙二醇并未从载体脱落。     

聚苯乙烯—三乙醇胺树脂催化合成α—丁基苯乙腈

研究了聚苯乙烯－三乙醇胺树脂催化苯乙腈的α－丁基化作用,考察了反应温度,催化剂用量和反应时间对产品收率的影响及催化剂的回收,套用性能,在本实验最佳条件下,收率可达６８％,催化剂回收套用５次后,活生未降低,重量未损失。     

聚氯乙烯－吡啶树脂催化合成N－丁基己内酰胺

研究了聚氯乙烯－吡啶树脂催化己内酰胺的Ｎ－丁基化作用以及氟化钾、催化剂和反应时间对Ｎ－丁基己内酰胺收率的影响及催化剂的重复使用。     

手性配体DDPPI-Pd(Ⅱ)催化α-烯烃不对称氢酯基化反应的研究

考察了手性双膦配体DDPPI在钯催化1-辛烯及官能化端烯的不对称氢酯基化反应中的手性诱导作用，最高得到了45．2％的ee值．其中在1-辛烯的不对称氢酯基化反应中，考察了不同的膦-钯比、反应温度、压力、不同的溶剂、不同的钯催化剂前体以及助催化剂对反应的影响．其中膦，钯比在2～4的范围内，催化反应获得了较高的光学产率；以丙酮作溶剂，得到较好的催化效果．     

腐植酸负载Pd/Ni双金属催化剂对Heck反应催化性能的研究

制备了腐植酸负载Pd/Ni双金属催化剂, 该催化剂能够成功催化溴苯与丙烯酸、苯乙烯等乙烯基化合物的Heck反应, 产率均在85%以上; 催化剂能够不同程度地重复使用, 在催化溴苯与丙烯酸反应中, 催化剂重复使用3次后仍可得到42.9%的产率, 而在催化溴苯与苯乙烯反应中, 催化剂重复使用7次后也可得到26.7%的产率; 并且对不同取代基芳基卤与丙烯酸的反应也有很好的催化活性.     

固载脯氨酸类手性催化剂的制备及在不对称Aldol反应中的催化作用

制备了两种二氧化硅-甲基纤维素-脯氨酸类手性小分子复合催化剂,证明了它们可以在室温下催化不对称Aldol反应.所得产物产率较高,ee值最高能达到86.8%.这些催化剂比较稳定,并具有一定的重复使用的性能.     

咪唑N-烷基化相转移催化反应动力学研究

本文报道在冠醚和季铵盐等相转移催化剂存在下咪唑N-正丁基化反应的动力学研究结果。在一定的催化剂浓度下,反应速度与烷基卤的浓度呈一级反应动力学关系,同时与催化剂浓度亦呈一级反应比例关系在60±0.05℃,以四丁基溴化铵为催化剂,咪唑N-正丁基化反应速率常数κ=(1.90±0.02)×10~(-2),活化能E_a=11.7±0.5 kcal/mol,此外还研究了不同类型冠醚和季铵盐对反应的影响。反应机理可设想为:在相转移催化反应条件下,由催化剂中的阳离子R_4N_ 和亲核试剂Im-形成的离子对转移到有机相中与烷基卤发生反应,因此反应速率对烷基卤浓度变化极为敏感,也与催化剂在两相间的分配系数α值有关。一般以α值为1左右的季铵盐的催化效果最好,这可能是选择有效相转移催化剂的一个标志。     

镁铝水滑石负载MnO-4催化氧化乙苯合成苯乙酮

采用焙烧还原法制备了镁铝水滑石负载MnO4-催化剂,并将其应用于催化氧气氧化乙苯合成苯乙酮的反应中。考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、MnO4-负载量和镁铝比等因素对催化氧化反应的影响及催化剂的重复使用性能。在优化条件下:催化剂用量3 g,乙苯用量45 mL,反应温度120℃,水滑石结构中n(Mg)/n(Al)=5,氧气流量100 mL/min,苯乙酮产率可达57.0%,苯乙酮选择性可达96.3%,催化剂重复使用3次催化活性降低较小。     

介孔分子筛MCM-41负载钯催化剂催化合成α-芳基酮化合物的研究

以芳基酮和溴代芳烃为原料,介孔分子筛MCM-41负载钳形钯配合物为催化剂,研究了一种制备α-芳基酮化合物的方法.结果表明:在催化剂用量1.0％,反应时间2 h,反应温度81℃的条件下,负载型钯催化剂可以高效催化生成α-芳基酮化合物,产率可达94％.该反应官能团兼容性好,底物范围广,催化剂重复使用5次,活性未出现明显降低...     

稀土氯化物催化的Diels-Alder反应

本文提出以稀土氯化物作催化剂, 催化等摩尔比的丙烯醛和乙烯基丁醚进行环加成反应, 生成α-丁氧基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃, 实验表明, 环加成产物是不稳定的中间物, 它可以进一步开环聚合构成一个催化的连串反应, 找到了稳定中间物的反应条件, 以90-95%产率得到环加成产物。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.